{{B}}Section A{{/B}} Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Are you really in love? How do you know the difference between love and infatuation? This is often difficult to determine, for there are no set rules surrounding the definitions of love or infatuation. Romantic love is very much a part of the American way of life and many expect that some day "it" is going to hit them and they will know they are in love. What are some of the differences between love and infatuation? (81) {{U}}Genuine love is more likely to involve a process of "growing" in love rather than "falling" in love. This may sound terribly unromantic to some who are used to hearing talk about "falling in love " or being "head over heels in love. "{{/U}} This "falling" is often infatuation, and the sheer emotion of "falling" in love often blinds a person to the imperfections of the loved one. We tend to think of the loved one as "perfect", "ideal", or some other divine image. Real love sees the total person--both the "perfection" and the imperfection. Infatuation, then, is a sudden, emotional sense that one has discovered the "perfect" lover. On the other hand, love realizes imperfections and grows with the acceptance of those imperfections. (82) {{U}}Love leads a person to a feeling of security and trust in the loved one. It usually involves a feeling of mutual benefit arising from the new relationship. {{/U}}"We are able to solve our problems together" is the feeling of love, rather than "Please love me because I need you. " (83) {{U}}Infatuation often entails feelings of insecurity whenever the "lovers" are separated ; feelings of doubt, fickleness, uncertainty, and fear of loss often accompany infatuation. {{/U}}"What will I do if I lose him?" and "I wonder if she really means it when she says she loves me?" express the feelings of infatuation. In such a setting a lasting love does not have a chance to develop. (84) {{U}}Infatuation tends to be more manipulative than love because a lasting feeling of relationship probably has not developed, so that the individuals are still concerned mainly about their own needs and satisfactions. {{/U}}Conversely, in love, the feeling of relationship is genuine and sincere so that concern for the other person evolves naturally. (85) {{U}}Physical attraction is an important part of both infatuation and love, but the superficial attraction is less important in love, for the couple experiencing love usually will build their relationship on a broader base than mere physical attraction.{{/U}}

{{B}}Section A{{/B}} Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. There Is No Job more Important than Parenting By Benjamin Carson My belief began when I was just a kid. I dreamed of becoming a doctor. My mother was a domestic servant. (81) {{U}}Through her work, she observed that successful people spent a lot more time reading than they did watching television.{{/U}} She announced that my brother and I could only watch two to three pre-selected TV programmes during the week. In our free time, we had to read two books each from the Detroit Public Library and submit to her written book reports. She would mark them up with check marks and highlights. Years later we realised her marks were a ruse. My mother was illiterate; she had only received a third-grade education. (82) {{U}}Although we had no money, between the covers of those books, I could go anywhere, do anything and be anybody{{/U}}. When I entered high school I was an A-student, but not for long. I wanted the fancy clothes. I wanted to hang out with the guys. I went from being an A-student to a B-student to a C- student, but I didn't care. I was getting the high fives and the low fives and the pats on the back. I was cool. One night my mother came home from working her multiple jobs and I complained about not having enough Italian knit shirts. She said, "Okay, I'll give you all the money I make this week scrubbing floors and cleaning bathrooms, and you can buy the family food and pay the bills. With everything left over, you can have all the Italian knit shirts you want. " I was very pleased with that arrangement but once I got through allocating money, there was nothing left. (83) {{U}}I realised my mother was a financial genius to be able to keep a roof over our heads and any kind of food on the table, much less buy clothes{{/U}}. (84) {{U}}I also realised that immediate gratification wasn't going to get me anywhere. Success required intellectual preparation.{{/U}} I went back to my studies and became an A-student again, and eventually I fulfilled my dream of becoming a doctor. (85) {{U}}My story is really my mother's story—a woman with little formal education or worldly goods who used her position as a parent to change the lives of many people around the globe.{{/U}} There is no job more important than parenting. This I believe.

Inthe1970s,manypeoplebecameconcernedaboutenergy.Peopleindevelopedcountrieshadtofaceuptothefactthattheyusedtoomuchenergy,andenergysourcesweren"tgoingtolastforever.Onearchitect,MichaelReynolds,decidedtodosomethingaboutthis.Hesetouttodesignhomesthatwerecheapertobuildandmoreenergy-efficient.Inaddition,hewantedtodosomethingabouttherubbishproblem,andcameupwiththeideaof"earthships".Although"earthship"soundslikethenameofaboat,anearthshipisactuallyahouse.However,itisahousewithadifference.Earthshipsareconstructedfromgarbage,andtheyarebuiltusingonly10percentoftheenergyneededtobuildanordinaryhouse.Moreover,aftertheyarebuilt,earthshipsuseonly10percentoftheenergyrequiredtoheat,lightandcoolaregularhome.Oneofthebigbenefitsofearthshipsisthattheyaremadefromrecycledmaterials.Themainconstructionmaterialofanearthshipisusedtiresthatarefilledwithdirt.Thedirt-filledtiresarethenlaidflatandstackedlikebricks.Becausetiresareround,thereislotsofextraspacebetweencolumnsoftires.Thesespacesarefilledwithusedcardboard.Thetiresandcardboardformtheoutsidewallsofanearthship.Thewailsbetweenroomsinsidedon"tneedtobeasstrong,sothesewallsaremadewitholdcans,bottlesandcement.Allthewallsarethencoveredandpainted.Intheend,thehouselooksjustlikeatypicalhome.Anotherbenefitofanearthshipisthatitsavesenergyandnaturalresources.Forexample,anearthshipuseslesswaterthananordinaryhouse.Rainwater,whichiscollectedontheroof,isusedfordrinkingandbathing.Furthermore,earthshipsneedmuchlessenergythanordinaryhousesforhealingandcoolingbecausetheyarebuiltpartlyintotheground.Thisstopstheinsideofthehousefromgettingtoohotortoocold.Allofthesefeaturesmakeearthshipsveryenvironmentallyfriendly.That"soneofthereasonstheyhavecaughtonthroughouttheworld.EarthshipshavebeenbuiltinBolivia,Australia,Mexico,Japan,Canada,England,ScotlandandallovertheUS.Maybeinthenearfuture,anearthshipwillbelandingnearyou!Readthepassage,andthencompletethefollowingstatementsinnomorethanthreewordsforeachblank.

{{B}}Section A{{/B}} In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

STAMP COLLECTING-IT"S A HOBBY THAT CAN GROW AND GROW Millions of people of all ages enjoy a hobby which is both interesting and fun. Every year, more and more people start a stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can last a lifetime. Starting your collection is easy because stamps are everywhere. Holiday postcards from friends, birthday cards from favorite aunts and letters from pen-friends can all provide you with stamps from all over the world. If you start collecting seriously, you will probably want to join the Stamp Collectors"Club which exists to provide collectors with new British stamps. As a Club member you can order the special sets of new stamps you want for your collection. You can receive these in three different ways. We can either post you a complete set of stamps on an envelope addressed to you, or send you the same stamps in a colorful information pack with lots of interesting facts. Or, if you prefer, we can send you the individual stamps so you can arrange them in a special book of your own. The Stamp Collectors"Club has about 70,000 members and you could become a member too, with a two-year membership costing just 5. You can even get a reduction if a group of you join at the same time. We"re sure you"ll agree that this is great value for money. Also, when you join, the Club sends you a starter pack at no extra cost. This contains 100 stamps to begin your collection, together with an attractive box to keep them in. You also receive our helpful four-page guide to collecting, which has further suggestions on how to add to your collection and includes addresses of shops and businesses that sell stamps. To join the Club simply complete the application form and send in your membership fee. Your Starter Pack will be sent within 28 days of receipt of your application. Read the above advertisement carefully, and then tell whether statements 61 to 65 are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.

For questions 1-5, mark Y(for Yes) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for No) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG(for Not Given) if the information is not given in the passage. Accommodation Near the town centre-Single rooms available Sunningdale Hotel French, German, Spanish and Russian spoken ￡150 per week single room or~ 27 per day, with English breakfast and dinner. Double room ￡120 each person a week, ￡25 daily. Half price for children under 14. The Sunningdale Hotel was built in 1913 and opened by Prince Louise. It has provided excellent service for people from all over the world and people of all ages and nationalities have stayed here. During the past 80 years over 50,000 guests from 174 different countries have visited Sunningdale. The hotel is on one of the main roads leading to the town centre. It is about 20 minutes by bus from the centre of town and buses to many other parts of the town stop outside the hotel. Guests should be careful not to travel on buses with the blue sign Express on the front because they do not stop near our hotel. An underground station is less than 100 metres away. The main building has 200 well-furnished, centrally-heated single rooms, each fitted with hot and cold water. Showers, baths and toilets are at the end of all con'idors. The hotel has a shop, sitting rooms, four television rooms, a table tennis room, a hbrary and laundry. There are also eight pianos available for guests use. There are spaces to park cars on the hotel drive. Daily newspapers are provided free and stamps can be bought at the office. Guests who stay for long periods must pay for their accommodation weekly in advance and one week's notice is required for departures. Shortor long-term guests are welcome but long-term guests are offered rooms first. Meal times are: breakfast 7: 00 9: 30 a. m. ; lunch 1: 00 2: 00 p. m.; dinner5: 30 7: 00 p. m.. During the week, for those studying or working late, dinner can be requested until 11: 00 p. m. by writing your name on the late list or by telephoning before 7: 00 p. m.. A selection of 10 menu choices are available for breakfast and dinner. Guests are advised to use taxis to get to the hotel if they arrive by train because we are some distance from the main railway station. Statements:

Question 56-60 based on the following passage. It's no secret that many children would be healthier and happier with adoptive parents than with the parents that nature dealt them. That's especially true of children who remain in abusive homes because the law blindly favors biological parents. It's also true of children who suffer for years in foster homes because of parents who can't or won't care for them but refuse to give up custody rights. Fourteen-year-old Kimberly Mays fits neither description, but her recent court victory could eventually help children who do. Kimberly has been the object of an angry custody battle between the man who raised her and her biological parents, with whom she has never lived. A Florida judge ruled that the teenager can remain with the only father she's ever known and that her biological parents have "no legal claim" on her. The ruling, though it may yet be reversed, sets aside the principle that biology is the primary determinant of parentage. That's an important development, one that's long overdue. Shortly after birth in December 1978, Kimberly Mays and another infant were mistakenly switched and sent home with the wrong parents. Kimberly's biological parents, Ernest and Regina Twigg, received a child who died of a heart disease in 1988. Medical tests showed that the child wasn't the Twiggs' own daughter, but Kimberly was, thus sparking a custody with the Twiggs getting visiting rights. Those rights were ended when Mr. Mays decided that Kimberly was being harmed. The decision to leave Kimberly with Mr. Mays rendered her suit debated. But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have standing to sue on her own behalf. Thus he made clear that she was more than just property to be handled as adults saw fit. Certainly, the biological link between parent and child is fundamental. But biological parents aren't always preferable to adoptive ones, and biological parentage does not convey an absolute ownership that cancels all the rights of children.

FootballisthemostpopularspectatorsportintheworldandBrazilisarguablythegreatestfootballingnationintheworld,havingwonfivetimesintheWorldCup.EvenpeoplewhoarenotkeenonfootballmayhaveheardofPeI6,whoisoftenconsideredtheworld'sgreatestplayer.However,howmanyfootballfansarefamiliarwithCharlesMillerandhiscontributiontowhatPelécalled"thebeautifulgame"?KnownasthefatherofBrazilianfootball,CharlesMillerwasbornon24November,1874,inSaoPaulotoaScottishfatherandBrazilianmother.In1884,hewassenttoschoolinEngland,wherehelearnedtoplaybothfootballandcricket.Millerbecameskilledinrunningwiththeball,headingandtakingfreekicks.In1894,MillerreturnedtoBrazilwithtwoballsandacopyofrulesoffootball.TheSaoPauloAthleticClub(SPAC)hadbeenformedin1888byagroupofBritishmenwhoplayedmainlycricket.Millerpersuadedthemtotakeupfootball.HewasalsoinstrumentalinsettinguptheLigaPaulista,thefirstfootballleagueinBrazil.Overthefirst20yearsofthenextcentury,statechampionshipswereformedthroughoutBrazilandin1914thefirstnationalsideplayedagainstArgentina.Millerwasnotonlyagreatplayer,butalsoanexcellentcoachandadministrator.InBrazil,hespentalotoftimeandeffortteachingandcoachingBrazilians.Afterretiringasaplayer,hecontinuedtobearefereeuntiltheageof50.WhenfootballbecameprofessionalinBrazilin1933,Millerwasdisappointedanddecidedtohavenomorecontactwiththegame.Hefeltthatsportspeopleshouldbeamateurs-hedidn'tliketheintroductionofmoneyandbusinessintosport.ForMiller,footballwasagame,andaboutparticipationanddoingyourbest,notmoney.CharlesMiller'smemorylivesonintheskillfulindividualgamewhichisBrazilianfootball.Itisalsokeptaliveinanotherway.WhentheSaoPaulosportswritersassociationbroughtoutadictionaryoffootballtermsinPortuguese,onlyonewordsurvivedfromthevocabularyofthepast:thecharlesorchaleira.NamedafterCharlesMiller,itisacleverpasswiththeheelofthefoot.TheexcitingballskillsofallthegreatBrazilianplayers,includingPelr,owesomethingtothepioneeringspiritofCharlesMillerandhispassionforthegameoffootball.

Cruising may not be everyone's idea of entertainment yet it would hardly be the same without its traditional British teatime. There is no better way of breaking down social barriers either. Or so I found when I enjoyed a cup of tea with an anonymous-looking passenger aboard the smart ship I had joined. 65. ______ Sharing tea with a celebrity may not be a normal cruising experience, but the Seaboum Spirit is no run-of-the-mill vessel. Nor aboard most cruise ships are you served high-quality leaf tea-it is usually tea-bags, even if it is in a silver pot. 66. ______ And with due reverence to the clientele, it was personal treatment all the way. With a passenger-crew ratio of almost one-to-one, there was never any chance of the delays you might experience on other craft. Nor do you find many lines where the staff are so quick and keen to learn your particular tastes. 67. ______ In what other ship, I wonder, would the cabin stewardess put a marker in your paperback so you would not lose your place? A small detail-but little pleasures add up to give maximum satisfaction. Yet such high standards might daunt some, fearing that it will be far from relaxing having to live up to them. But I have not often been on such a happy-go-lucky cruise. Be we president or pleb, we were all treated as equals, and I have been on much less distinguished ships with more marked social mores. Just to illustrate my point: aboard Seabourn Spirit, there were just three formal dinners, and not all the men wore dinner jackets. Most evenings were casual or informal. Full silver service meals were available in your cabin as part of the 24-hour waiter service. Passengers could also choose between the main dining room and the veranda cafe. The cuisine was worthy of such a ship and, if it was too nouvelle for some, at least it made eating those cream cakes 68. ______ If there was any problem, it was overcoming the temptation to become a seagoing hermit. All the cabins have broad picture windows and living areas with settee, soft chairs, table and desk. And there is plenty of room for the queen-size bed. The marble bathrooms are a good size with a decent tub-shower and double wash-basins. Most convenient is a closet with enough wooden coat hangers for a debutante's ball and plenty of room for luggage. 69. ______ A highlight of our tour was a visit to the scenic resort of Yalta and the Livadiya Palace, where Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin held their famous conference in 1945 that decided much of the fate of post-war Europe. And we paid a rare cruise ship call to Sevastopol. Mooring near a flotilla of heavily armed warships in what is still a big naval base was one of the more thought-provoking experiences. 70. ______ The main port brought back the smiles-a chance at last to indulge in that cruise essential, shopping, but with a touch of culture. As a mark of the special attention given to the passengers, the line booked the opera house for an exclusive ballet performance. Even if cruising is not your cup of tea, this is almost certainly the ship to change your mind. Paragraphs: A. The passenger clearly seemed to be enjoying the occasion. During a gale, however, he might have wished he was back in port. Seasickness can afflict anyone. A good pair of sea legs is one of the few comforts not provided on a ship where every effort is made to satisfy passengers' whims. B. Yet nothing moved our emotions more than when we were driven to the site of the Valley of Death. Today, it is a sylvan scene. Had it not been for Olga, our guide, the horror of it would have remained hidden. In perfect English, she recited Tennyson's Charge of the Light Brigade. I saw the American woman beside me shed a tear. She was not the only one. C. A more potent concern, even before boarding, was not over-eating but overdrinking. One reason for such high fares is that drinks are included without extra charge. But the mainly elderly passengers stayed as sober as judges-as several were, in fact. D. Although under 10,000 tons, a midget of the ocean waves, what it lacks in size it makes up for in quality. " Luxury"is a much abused word, yet this ship deserves the description. "Exclusive"may be a better word if you reckon on the ability to pay an average of more than ￡550 a day for the pleasure of being there. It was not surprising, therefore, that the majority of the 188 passengers on our 12-night jaunt from Istanbul to the Black Sea and Aegean came from the richer golden lodes of the social strata. E. My fridge, too, was stocked to the gunnels. As another compulsion to remain in blissful isolation, the television also relays the ship's daily lectures on port news and travel subjects. There were half a dozen grander suites with separate rooms and a balcony. If you could tear yourself away from the room or felt like a more academic pastime, the ship also had its own library, but it would take a world cruise at least to read through the edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica that was included. F. Nothing boosts egos more, or makes one feel more at home, than having the steward know without being reminded that your breakfast croissants should be only slightly warm and that you prefer Orange Pekoe to Darjeeling. G. Sipping from his cup English-style (with milk) with obvious pleasure, he told me: "I enjoy it very much although we do grow excellent tea in my country, Indonesia. It's called Col Para. Did you know that it is a favorite kind of your Queen? "This surprised me but then who am I to dispute a former president of his country?

{{B}}Section A{{/B}} In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

{{B}}Section A{{/B}} Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. {{U}}The job of raising children is a tough one. Children don't come with an instruction manual. And each child is different. So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration, not knowing what to do. But in raising children—as in all of life—what we do is influenced by our culture.{{/U}} Naturally then, American parents teach their children basic American values. To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children stand on their own two feet. From infancy, each child may get his or her own room. As children grow, they gain more freedom to make their own choices. Teenagers choose their own forms of entertainment, as well as the friends to share them with. When they reach young adulthood, they choose their own careers and marriage partners. Of course, many young adults still seek their parents' advice and approval for the choices they make. (82) {{U}}But once they "leave the nest" at around 18 to 21 years old, they want to be on their own, not "tied to their mother's apron strings. "{{/U}} (83) {{U}}The relationship between parents and children in America is very informal. American parents try to treat their children as individuals—not as extensions of themselves.{{/U}} They allow them to fulfill their own dreams. Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the confidence to succeed. When children become adults, their relationship with their parents becomes more like a friendship among equals. But contrary to popular belief, most adult Americans don't make their parents pay for room and board when they come to visit. Even as adults, they respect and honor their parents. Most young couples with children struggle with the issue of childcare. Mothers have traditionally stayed home with their children. In recent years, though, a growing trend is to put preschoolers in a day care center so that Morn can work. (84) {{U}}Many Americans have strong feelings about which type of arrangement is best. Some argue that attending a day care center can be a positive experience for children. Others insist that mothers are the best caregivers for children.{{/U}} A number of women are now leaving the work force to become full-time homemakers. (85) {{U}}Being a parent is a tall order. It takes patience, love, wisdom, courage and a good sense of humor to raise children (and not lose your sanity).{{/U}} Some people are just deciding not to have children at all, since they're not sure it's worth it. But raising children means training the next generation and preserving our culture. What could be worth more than that?

The report says the link between____________ and ____________needs to be broken.

In this section, you will hear five short news items. After each item, which will be read only once, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

{{B}}Conversation Two{{/B}}

Are You a Successful Leader? The Successful Leadership Trust-our company specializes in training you to be a successful leader for whatever situation you're in. Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation. At work or at play, you'll find yourself in groups, working with other people: your team at work, a meeting with colleagues, your family, a holiday with friends, a group of students working together, a group of neighbors wanting to make changes. It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success, partly because we need to do it so often. In almost every situation where you're in a group, you will need a skilled leader. All groups need leaders and all successful groups have good leaders. Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down. Members of a leaderless group often feel dissatisfied and frustrated. Time is wasted and the tasks are not achieved. There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and others disappear and often group members don't come to meetings in order to avoid more disharmony. Some people are natural leaders. The celebrity chef, Antonio Carluccio, says, "True leaders are born and you can spot them in kitchens. They're people who combine toughness, fairness and humor. " Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders, most people recognize that leadership can also be taught. Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader. Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy and controlling way. You can learn how to involve everyone, encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal. Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader. Self-confidence is vital and being able to overcome your own fears about being a leader. Successful leaders also need to be able to work out good strategies and make sound judgments under pressure. Lastly, and probably most importantly, good leaders need to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people. Good leadership is essentially the ability to influence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.

ChinaplanstolaunchChang'e-2,thecountry'ssecondlunarprobe,attheendof2010,spaceauthoritiesannouncedrecently.ThedesignandproductionoftheChang'e-2iscomplete,andthelunarorbiterisundergoingroundtests,theStateAdministrationofScience,TechnologyandIndustryforNationalDefensesaidinanewsrelease.Chang'e-2isexpectedtotestthesoft-landingtechnologicalcapabilityoftheChang'e-3andprovidehigh-resolutionimagesofthelandingarea,theadministrationsaid."ProgressonsixkeytechnologiesusedbyChang'e-2hasbeenmade,includinglunarcapture,orbitcontrolandresearchonhigh-resolutionstereocameras,"theadministration'sspokesmansaid.YePeijian,chiefdesignerofthenation'sfirstlunarprobe,hadtoldChinaDailyearlierthatthelaunchwasexpectedinOctober.TheadministrationsaidthatChang'e-3,thecountry'slunarlanderandrover,isalsowellonthewaytowardslift-off.Theprojectisnowintheprototypestage.Chang'e-2andChang'e-3arepartofthesecondphaseofthecountry'slunarexplorationprogramme,whichconsistsofthreestages"orbiting","landing"and"returning."YesaidearlierthatlaunchedinOctober2007,andendedits16-monthmissiononMarch1,2009,Meanwhile,China'smannedspaceprojectisalsolikelytoseeabreakthroughthisyear,atopscientistsaid.QiFaren,chiefdesigneroftheShenzhouspacecraft,toldtheGuangzhouDailythatTiangong1,orHeavenlyPalace-1,aspacecraftthatwilltestdeckingtechnologyandprepareforthefutureconstructionofspacelaboratories,willbelaunchedbytheendofthisyear,attheearliest.AccordingtotheofficialwebsiteofChina'smannedspaceprogramme,www.cmse.gov.cn,thelaunchdateofTiangong-1issetforbetweenlate2010andearly2011.WithintwoyearsofthelaunchofTiangong-Ⅰ,ChinawilllaunchShenzhou-Ⅷ,Shenzhou-ⅨandShenzhou-Ⅹspaceships,todockwithTiangong-Ⅰ,thewebsitesaid.Twospacelaboratories,Tiangong-ⅡandTiangong-Ⅲ,willfollow,andchinaaimstobuilditsownspacestationbytheyear2020,thewebsitesaid.Chinabecame:thethirdnation-aftertheUSandRussia-tosendpeopleintospacewhenYangLiweiwentintoorbitaboardthespaceshipShenzhou-VonOctober15,2003.ThreeotherastronautsweresentintospaceinShenzhou-ⅦandcarriedoutthecountryfirstspacewalkinSeptember2008.ShenLiping,deputychiefdesignerofChina'smannedspaceprogramme,wasquotedbytheGuangzhouDailyassayingthatChina'sfirstwomanastronautwillgointoouterspacesoonerthanthetargeted10yearsfromnow.Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthepassageandthepiclure?Write:Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNo)ifthestatementcontradictsinformationgiveninthepassage.

{{B}}Section A{{/B}} Directions: Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. Some individuals and citizens' groups have expressed concern about the level of violence in television programs, particularly in action-adventure series and cartoons. (91) {{U}}They argue that viewers, especially children, may learn to see violence as the only way to resolve conflicts.{{/U}} (92) {{U}}Early experimental researchers compared the play of children who had seen aggressive behavior on television with the play of a control group of children who had watched nonviolent programs.{{/U}} Concern was intensified by findings that indicated a higher level of aggressive play in the violent-television group. Other researchers attempted to determine whether violent programs simply stimulated higher energy levels in children or actually caused them to learn violent and antisocial behavior. The results of different studies conflicted. (93) {{U}}Some researchers claimed that televised violence actually had a positive cathartic effect, allowing some viewers to release heightening tensions; these findings, however, were not confirmed in further studies.{{/U}} Other scholars pointed out that both prosocial and antisocial behavior can be learned from television. Social scientists find it especially difficult to assess accurately the subtle, cumulative effects of viewing a broad variety of television programs throughout childhood. Distinguishing the possible effects of television from other influences at home and at school is also difficult. (94) {{U}}Current research suggests that moderately higher levels of antisocial behavior can be traced to television viewing, but further study needs to be done to confirm it.{{/U}} Because of the long-standing tradition in the U.S. of freedom of speech and of the press, the government would probably not attempt to directly limit or censor the appearance of violence on television. (95) {{U}}Among the networks and producers, pressure from concerned citizens continues to be balanced the increasing popularity of high-energy action-adventure programs.{{/U}}

In this section, you will hear five short news items. After each item, which will be read only once, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

What difference is there in the way adults and young children should be treated with aspirin?

{{B}}Section A{{/B}} Instructions: Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. People have attempted to simulate human voices in machines for quite some time. In the late 1700s, Hungarian scientist Wolfgang yon Kempelen used whistles, resonance chambers, and other objects to create voice sounds for his "Speaking Machine. " With the rise of computers, scientists were able to create artificial voices by storing and digitally processing real voice sounds. By the 1970s, these computer-generated voices were widely used. Although these early voices were understandable, they had a distinct mechanical or " robotic" sound to them. Coming up with more natural-sounding voices has been a challenge due to the complex nature of language. (86) {{U}}To produce a natural-sounding voice, scientists need to simulate not only the individual sounds of a language, but also the volume, pitch, rhythm, and tones that help to express meaning.{{/U}} Natural-sounding computer voices are now used to provide information to people in a variety of applications, from automated phone lines to language learning programs. Many systems are also able to listen to users' questions and statements and respond to them. One good example of this comes from the BMW car company. BMW has programmed cars to both listen and speak to the driver. (87) {{U}}The car can give directions, provide warnings and information about traffic and safety conditions, and even control certain functions, such as raising or lowering the windows or playing music.{{/U}} When BMW first released cars with a computer-generated voice, many drivers had a negative reaction to it because drivers perceived the voice as female. German drivers were uncomfortable with a "female" voice giving directions. As a result, BMW recalled the cars and gave them "male" voices. The reaction to the female voice was emotional. It had no reasoning behind it. Common sense says that the "gender" of the voice in the car shouldn't matter because drivers know that they are listening to a computer, not a person. (88) {{U}}But even without a visual representation of the voice, such as a male or female face, people reacted with the same stereotypes they would apply to a person.{{/U}} Studies have also shown that people react similarly to other aspects of' computer voices, such as the "personality" of the voice or its level of "politeness. " Researchers now know that voice interfaces are actually social interfaces; that is, people will react to a computer using the same rules and expectations that they would apply to people. (89) {{U}}As a result, designers of these systems consider not only the sounds of the voices they use, but also their psychological effect on users.{{/U}}