填空题The cost of staging the year 2000 Olympics in Sydney is estimated to be a staggering $960 million, but the city is preparing to reap the financial benefits that ensue from holding such an international event by emulating the commercial success of Los Angeles, the only city yet to have made a demonstrable profit from the Games in 1984. At precisely 4:20 a.m. on Friday the 24th of September 1993, it was announced that Sydney had beaten five other competing cities around the world, and Australians everywhere, not only Sydneysiders, were justifiably proud of the result. But, if Sydney had lost the bid, would the taxpayers of NSW and of Australia have approved of governments spending millions of dollars in a failed and costly exercise? There may have been some consolation in the fact that the bid came in $1 million below the revised budget and $5 million below the original budget of $29 million formulated in mid-1991. How ever, the final cost was the considerable sum of $ 24 million, the bulk of which was paid for by corporate and community contributions, merchandising, licensing, and the proceeds of lotteries, with the NSW Government, which had originally been willing to spend up to $10 million, contributing some $ 2 million. The Federal Government"s grant of $ 5 million meant, in effect, that the Sydney bid was financed by every Australian taxpayer. Prior to the announcement of the winning city, there was considerable debate about the wisdom of taking financial risks of this kind at a time of economic recession. Others argued that 70 percent of the facilities were already in place, and all were on government-owned ]and, removing some potential areas of conflict which troubled previous Olympic bidders. The former NSW Premier, Mr. Nick Greiner, went on record as saying that the advantage of having the Games... "is not that you are going to have $ 7.4 billion in extra gross domestic product over the next 14 years... I think the real point of the Games is the psychological change, the catalyst of confidence.., apart from the other more obvious reasons, such as the building of sporting facilities, tourism, and things of that nature. " However, the dubiousness of the benefits that Melbourne, an unsuccessful bidder for the 1988 Olympic Games, received at a time when the State of Victoria was still in economic turmoil meant many corporate bodies were unenthusiastic. There is no doubt that Sydney"s seductive physical charms caused the world"s media to compare the city favorably to its rivals Beijing, Berlin, Manchester, and Istanbul. Mr. Godfrey Santer, the Australian Tourist Commission"s Manager of Corporate Planning Services, stated that soon after the bid was made, intense media locus was already having a beneficial effect on in-bound tourism. Developers and those responsible for community development projects eagerly pointed to the improvements taking place to the existing infrastructure of the city, the creation of employment, and especially the building of sporting facilities, all of which meet the needs of the community and help to attract more tourists. At Homebush Bay $ 300 million was spent providing the twin athletic arenas and the "high-tech" Aquatic Centre. However, perhaps the most impressive legacy was the new attitude shown towards both industrial relations and environmental problems. The high-profile nature of the bid; and the perception that it must proceed smoothly Created a unique attitude of co-operation between the workforce and employers involved in the construction of the Olympic Village at Homebush Bay. The improvements included the lack of strikes, the breaking down of demarkation barriers, and the completion of projects within budget and ahead of time.

填空题In the United States today, many people want a college education. However, almost haft of the people who go to college now do not attend a four-year college. Instead, they go to a community college. The community college offers a two-year course of study in a wide range of subjects. It prepares some young people to go on to a four-year college. It trains others for jobs in business, government, or industry. Some people choose a community college because of cost. The tuition for a semester at a community college can be less than half the cost of a semester at a four-year college. Also, since these colleges are located in large communities, their students can save money by living at home. Community colleges are also useful for people who have jobs and who do not have time for a traditional four-year college. Some of these people take night courses at community colleges. Others complete long-distance courses, in which they stay at home and use video-tapes, audiotapes, and the Internet. Community colleges also serve high school graduates who only achieved low grades. Many of these students would not be admitted to a four-year college. If they do well, they may go on to a four-year college. Today, the country"s 1,500 community colleges have more than I0 million students. These colleges are making it possible for more and more people to continue their education.

填空题Whichofthefollowingdiagramsistheoddoneout?

填空题 Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 7 statements. Go over the passage quickly and mark the answers on the Answer Sheet. For questions 57-63, mark Y (for Yes) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for No) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for Not Given) if the information is not given in the passage. Questions 57- 63 are based on the following passage. Which Airport? The choice of where to fly from has never been greater, particularly for those flying on a package holiday. For each port, we looked at the facilities (e. g. restaurants, waiting areas, etc. ) offered before going through passport control (land-side) and after going through passport control (air-side). Heathrow 4 The cheek-in hall is spacious and modern. There are few land-side shops but the essentials are available. A car6 with pine seating and a medium range of hot dishes and salads is situated upstairs. There are more facilities air-side. The shops are clustered into the central part of the 500-metre long hall, and expensive ranges are well represented. There's plenty of natural light from the windows that overlook the runway and lots of seating away from the shopping area. Manchester 2 The check-in hall has a high glass roof which lets in natural light. The café is at one end and slightly separated from the rest of the facilities, which makes it much more pleasant. There's also an up-market coffee shop. Hundreds of seats—little used when we visited despite the passengers crowded below—are available upstairs. The departure lounge is bright and has plenty of space, and the cafeteria is pleasant. Stansted Passengers can walk in a straight line form the entrance, through the check-in to the monorail that takes them to their plane. Land-side, there's cluster of fast food outlets that sell baked potatoes, American burgers and filled rolls. All seating is in the same area away from the check-in and shops. There're a surprisingly small number of shops considering Stansted's claims to be a major London Airport, although basic stores like a chemist and bookshop are here. The large departure lounge has blue seats and grey carpet. There's a large tax-free and luxury goods shopping area and a café. Heathrow 2 Avoid traveling from here if you can. The check-in area is unpleasant with a claustrophobic low roof and scores of pillars. The upstairs cafe is noisy because it is next to the music shop. The departure lounge is also too small with illuminated advertisements hanging from its low ceiling. Manchester 1 The large, low check-in hall is the least impressive part of the terminal. Beyond that is a pleasant shopping mall with a wide range of shops and snack bars. The self-service eating area has a good range of foods from steak and chips to salads. There is also a more formal restaurant mostly used for business lunches. The departure lounge is large and bright. Edinburgh The eating options range from a coffee shop to a self-service restaurant and a reasonable variety of shops are scattered around the land-side area rather than being collected in one area. The air-side food arrangements are mainly limited to rolls and buns. East Midlands The check-in area is in a long, low building where the roof is supported by a forest of pillars which interrupt the line of vision. There is a cafe and bar upstairs along with a pizza restaurant during the summer. The main eating area is downstairs and mainly serves sandwiches and cakes along with a hot dish of the day. The departure lounge is pleasant with natural light and plenty of dark blue seats. The Sherwood Lounge has easy chairs and sofas and is aimed at commercial travelers. Cardiff The facilities are simple and the decoration is showing its age. Shopping is extremely limited with only bare essentials available. There are no books or magazines for sale. The restaurant is unappealing. The tiny departure lounge is dark and uninviting. Statements:

填空题 Directions: There are 15 blanks in the passage. For each blank, some letters of the word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and think of the word which best fits each blank. Use only one word in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. I'm really in two minds about what to do when I leave school. Should I go straight to university or should I spend a year travelling a {{U}}(76) {{/U}} the world? First of all, there are so many ben {{U}}(77) {{/U}} of going straight to university. The most important point is that the s {{U}}(78) {{/U}} I get my qualifications, the quicker I'll get a job and start earning. In my opinion, starting work and making m {{U}}(79) {{/U}} is one of the most important things in life. And I'm not al {{U}}(80) {{/U}} in this opinion. Many consider a sound ca {{U}}(81) {{/U}} and a good salary to be an important goal. Secondly, if I go straight to university, I'll learn so many things that will help me in my future life. It is often said that knowledge is the key to power, and I cannot dis {{U}}(82) {{/U}} with this. M {{U}}(83) {{/U}} , I'll be able to take part in the social activities that the university offers, and meet lots of new friends who share the same interests. However, it could also be at {{U}}(84) {{/U}} that I would meet lots of interesting people while I was traveling. Fur {{U}}(85) {{/U}}, if I spent a year travelling, I would learn more about the world. On the one hand, I would experience lots of different c {{U}}(86) {{/U}}. On the other hand, I could end up suffering from culture shock, homesickness and some str {{U}}(87) {{/U}} tropical diseases. Nevertheless, these inconveniences would be an inevitable part of travelling and would be greatly out {{U}}(88) {{/U}} by the advantages. Unf {{U}}(89) {{/U}}, another point is that if I spent a year traveling I would need a lot of money. But I b {{U}}(90) {{/U}} it would be easy to make a hit while I was travelling, giving English lessons or working in hotels and shops.

填空题 Passage Two Questions 66- 70 are based on the following passage. The sixteenth international AIDS conference opened on Sunday in Toronto, Canada. More than twenty-four thousand delegates from one hundred thirty-two countries are attending the six-day conference. They include scientists, health care providers, activists, political and business leaders and people living with the disease. Many people attending the AIDS conference represent private non-governmental organizations, or NGOs. Political scientists often describe NGOs as "pressure groups" because of their effect on world issues. They have little official power over international decision-making. However, NGOs often influence international policy. A broad definition of NGO is any non-profit group that is independent of government. Most of these private organizations have one or more goals. For example, some support community development, provide social services and help poor people. Others support human rights and social justice. Still others work to protect the environment. NGOs support many issues and operate around the world. Some of the most well-known include Oxfam, Amnesty International and Greenpeace. James Paul heads the Global Policy Forum. It is an NGO in New York City that studies policy-making at the United Nations. He says that some NGOs represent industries or businesses, the interests of governments, or even criminal groups. He sacs it would be a mistake to believe that all NGOs are neutral. The World Bank has divided NGOs into three main groups. The first is community-based organizations that serve populations in a small geographical area. The second is national NGOs, which operate in individual developing countries. International NGOs are the third kind. These organizations usually have their headquarters in industrialized countries. They carry out operations in more than one developing nation. Information about the total number of non-governmental organizations is incomplete. However, experts estimate that tens of thousands of NGOs are active around the world. Large international NGOs may have operating budgets of tens of millions of dollars. However, most NGOs are much smaller. Questions:

填空题Changes in the way people live bring about changes in the jobs that they do. More and more people live in towns and cities instead on farms and in villages. 1 Cities and states have to provide services city people want, such like more police 2 protection, more hospitals, and more schools. This means that more policemen, more nurses and technicians, and more teachers must be hired. Advances in technology has also changed people"s lives. Dishwashers and washing 3 machines do jobs that were once done by the hand. The widespread use 4 of such electrical appliances means that there is a need for servicemen to keep it running properly. 5 People are earning higher wages and salaries. This leads to changes in 6 the way of life. As income goes down, people may not want more food to 7 eat or more clothes to wear. But they may want more and better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals. They are likely to travel more and to want more education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available in these services. 8 The government also affects the kind of works people do. The governments 9 of most countries spend huge sums of money for international defense. They hire 10 thousands of engineers, scientists, clerks, typists and secretaries to work on the many different aspects of defence.

填空题There are 5 IQ Test questions in this part. For each question there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

填空题SecondProbetoMoonThisYearChina:planstolaunchChang'e-2,thecountry'ssecondlunarprobe,attheendof2010,spaceauthoritiesannouncedrecently.ThedesignandproductionoftheChang'e-2iscomplete,andthelunarorbiterisundergoinggroundtests,theStateAdministrationofScience,TechnologyandIndustryforNationalDefensesaidinanewsrelease.Chang'e-2isexpectedtotestthesoft-landingtechnologicalcapabilityoftheChang'e-3andprovidehigh-resolutionimagesofthelandingarea,theadministrationsaid."ProgressonsixkeytechnologiesusedbyChang'e-2hasbeenmade,includinglunarcapture,orbitcontrolandresearchonhigh-resolutionstereocameras,"theadministration'sspokesmansaid.YePeijian,chiefdesignerofthenation'sfirstlunarprobe,hadtoldChinadailyearlierthatthelaunchwasexpectedinOctober.TheadministrationsaidthatChang'e-3,thecountry'slunarlanderandrover,isalsowellonthewaytowardsliftoff.Theprojectisnowintheprototypestage.Chang'e-2andChang'e-3arepartofthesecondphaseofthecountry'slunarexplorationprogramme,whichconsistsofthreesta-ges-"orbiting","landing"and"returning."YesaidearlierthatlaunchedinOctober2007,andendedits16-monthmissiononMarch1,2009,Meanwhile,Chian'smannedspaceprojectisalsolikelytoseeabreakthroughthisyear,atopscientistsaid.QiFaren,chiefdesigneroftheShenzhouspacecraft,toldtheGuangzhouDailythatTiangong-1,orHeavenlyPalace-1,aspacecraftthatwilltestdockingtechnologyandprepareforthefutureconstructionofspacelaboratories,willbelaunchedbytheendofthisyear,attheearliest.AccordingtotheofficialwebsiteofChina'smannedspaceprogramme,www.cruse,gov.cn,thelaunchdateofTiangong-1issetforbetweenlate2010andearly2011.WithintwoyearsofthelaunchofTiangong-1,Chinawilllaunchshenzhou-Ⅷ,Shenzhou-IXandShenzhou-Xspaceships,todockwithTiangong-1,thewebsitesaid.Twospacelaboratories,Tiangong-ⅡandTiangong-Ⅲ,willfollow,andchinaaimstobuilditsownspacestationbytheyear2020,thewebsitesaid.Chinabecamethethirdnation—aftertheUSandRussia—tosendpeopleintospacewhenYangLiWeiwentintoorbitaboardthespaceshipshenzhou-VonOctober15,2003.Threeotheras-tronautsweresentintospaceinShenzhou-Ⅶandcarriedoutthecountry'sfirstspacewalkinSeptember2008.ShenLiping,deputychiefdesignerofChina'smannedspaceprogramme,wasquotedbytheGuangzhouDailyassayingthatChina'sfirstwomanastronautwillgointoouterspacesoonerthanthetargeted10yearsfromnow.Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthepassageandthepicture?Write:Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNo)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage.

填空题The Museum of Childhood There are 4, 000 toys in London"s Museum of Childhood, but it is not essential to be a child to enjoy it. Most of the older toys were me 1 to be played with by adults. All the toys live in a beautiful glass-topped bu 2 in the East End of London-but it wasn"t built for them. It was opened in 1872 and displayed art, shoe-making and furniture col 3 It wasn"t until 1974 that the wh 4 building was officially devoted to the history of childhood. Once upon a time, every toy was home-made, although by the late 1700s a huge toy industry had dev 5 Many home-made toys were made of metal and wood and a few of these have lasted well enough for the museum to display them. It even has one of the oldest dolls"houses still in exi 6 , made in 1673. There"s something for everyone, including the 18 th century toy theatre and the miniature Chinese gardens, containing tiny ani 7 . Whiehever is your favorite, each exhibit enables you to catch a gli 8 of the people and world it was made for. The 35 or so workers at the museum take great care to make sure that all of the exhibits are preserved in good working order. And as f 9 the 500 new toys that move in every year from all over the world-nobody has ever heard a sin 10 one complaining.

填空题For all the talk of his sustained adolescence, no performer made a more compelling entrance into manhood than Michael Jackson did with the release of his 1979 album, "Off the Wall" just a couple of weeks before his 21st (46) (day). It was all the more stunning because we had watched him during his child (47) and adolescence. He wasn't an apparition rising out of obscurity, like Elvis Presley. To become who he was in "Off the Wall," he had to annul-if not destroy—the performer he had been in the Jackson 5. However, the change was (48) rgan) as well as deliberate. Michael Jackson grew into his body, and out of that new body emerged wholly new ideas of what pop music, and the move (49) it generates, were. It can be hard to remember now, 30 years later, just how ubiquitous the hits from that album, especially "Rock with You," really were. In soul, in rock n'roll, and in pop, there is a long tradition of men singing in high voices, the height of the voice suggesting the pitch of the singer's fervour. Michael Jackson made the sweetness of that high voice guttural and (50) (demand). He showed that it was rooted in his feet and hips and hands. He re-sexualized it in a way that you could never really mistake—then—as androgynous. Very few artists—certainly very few child stars—have ever redefined themselves as thoroughly or as (51) (success) as Michael Jackson did. His second act was better than any number of first acts put together. The uncanny thing wasn't just his physical transformation, or his hypnotic new ability to move. It was the certainty of "Off the Wall" and its sequel "Thriller" that this was the music we wanted to hear. He knew, too, that this was a music we wanted to (52) (visual), to see formalised and set loose in dance. In a sense, he was loosing his transformation upon the rest of us, expecting us to be caught up in the excite (53) the music caused in him, and we were. Michael Jackson came to be synonymous with transformation—ultimately, with an eerie stasis that comes from seeking transformation all the time. The alchemy of change worked longer and (54) (well) for him—through the 80s and into the early 90s—than it has for almost any other artist. Yet somehow all the changes always take us (55) to the album in which Michael Jackson grew up.

填空题 Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word in three ways: according to the context; using the correct form of the given words; according to the given letters of the words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Some people would say that the Englishman's home is no longer his castle; that it has become his workshop. This is partly because the average Englishman is k{{U}} (66) {{/U}} on working with his hands and partly because he feels, for one reason or{{U}} (67) {{/U}}, that he must do many household j{{U}} (68) {{/U}} all by himself, while {{U}}(69) {{/U}} which, some years ago, he would have hired professional help. The main reason for this is a financial one: the high cost of labor has m{{U}} (70) {{/U}} that builders, and decorators' costs have reached a level which makes them {{U}}(71) {{/U}} (prohibit) for house-proud English people of modest means. So, if they wish to keep their houses looking bright and smart, they have to ta{{U}} (72) {{/U}} some of the work themselves. As a{{U}} (73) {{/U}} , there has grown up in the postwar years what is sometimes r{{U}} (74) {{/U}} to as the "Do-It-Yourself Movement. " The movement began {{U}}(75) {{/U}} home decorating but has spread into a much wider field s{{U}} (76) {{/U}} Nowadays there seem to be very few firings that cannot be made by the DIY method. Magazines and handbooks exist to show hopeful handymen (做零活的人) of all ages just how easy it is to build anything from a coffee table to a sailing dinghy (小游艇). You f{{U}} (77) {{/U}} the simple instructions step-by-step and, be{{U}} (78) {{/U}} you know where you are, the finished article stands before you. Unfortunately, it is not always quite as simple as it sounds! Many a" do-it-yourselfer" {{U}}(79) {{/U}} (have) found that one cannot learn a skilled craftsman's job overnight. Quickly one realizes when doing it oneself, that a job which takes the skilled man an hour to complete takes the amateur handyman five or six at least. And then there are the problems of tools and the wear and {{U}}(80) {{/U}} on the nerves. Many people have come to the conclusion that the expense of paying professional to do the work is, in the long run, more economical than "doing it oneself. "

填空题The rate at which man has been storing up useful knowledge about himself and the universe has been spiraling upward for 10,000 years. The rate t (66) a sharp upward leap thousands of years ago, w (67) the invention of writing, but even so it remained painfully slow o (68) centuries of time. In knowledge- (69) (acquire) the next great leap forward did not occur until the invention of movable type in the fifteenth century by Gutenberg and others. Prior (70) 1500, by the most optimistic est (71) , Europe was producing books at a rate of 1, 000 titles per year. This means that it would take a full century to produce a library of 100,000 titles. The rate had ac (72) so sharply by 1950, four and a half centuries later, (73) Europe was producing 120,000 titles a year. (74) once took a century now took only ten months. By 1960, a s (75) decade later, the rate had made another significant jump, so that a century's work could be completed in seven and a half months. And, the output of books (76) a world scale by the mid sixties, Europe (77) (include) , approached the remarkable figure of 1,000 titles per day. One can hardly argue that every book is a net gain for the advancement of knowledge. Nevertheless, we find that the increase in book publication does, in fact, crudely para (78) the rate at which man discovered new knowledge. For example, before Gutenberg only 1 chemical dements were known. Antimony (锑), the 12th, was discovered at about the time he was working on his invention. It was fully 200 years s (79) the 11th, arsenic (砷), had been discovered. Had the stone rate of discovery continued, we would by now have added only two or three additional dements to the periodic table since Gutenberg. In (80) , in the 450 years after his time, some seventy additional elements were discovered. And since 1900 we have been isolating the remaining elements not at a rate of one every two centuries, but of one every three years.

填空题Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 6 statements. Go over the passage quickly. For questions 66-71, mark T (/for True) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; F (for False) if the statement contradicts with information given in the passage; NG (for Not Given) if the information is not given in the passage.Questions 66-71 are based on the following passage. Heat loss by sweating depends on the fact that when a liquid evaporates, it absorbs an enormous quantity of heat from its surroundings. Therefore, when 1 ml. of sweat evaporate, a great deal of heat is absorbed from the surface of the body in contact with it. This heat transfer occurs even if the environment is hotter than the body. Two factors affect the rate of evaporation of sweat, and therefore the effectiveness of sweating as a method of cooling the body. The first is the amount of movement of air surrounding the body. The second is the amount of water vapor in the air that surrounds the body. When air moves over the surface of water, the amount of evaporation is greatly increased. For this reason, sweat evaporates very rapidly on windy days, and the rate of heat loss by sweating is much more than on a still day. This accounts for the fact that hot still days are much less comfortable than hot windy days. In contrast, the sweat evaporates very rapidly on hot windy days, and cools the body quickly and effectively. The second factor is the amount of water vapor in the air--the humidity. When air is carrying the maximum amount of water vapor that it can hold, it is said to be 100% saturated with water vapor. The relative humidity of the air is said to be 100%. Under these conditions the air cannot carry any water, so no water can evaporate. When the relative humidity is high, therefore, sweat cannot evaporate. Instead, it forms large drops and runs off your skin without cooling you. When the air is very dry and carries no water at all, the relative humidity is said to be 0%. It is obvious that under these conditions, evaporation will be much more rapid. Therefore, sweating will be much more effective as a method of losing heat from the body. On a hot dry day, sweat evaporates as soon as it is formed, and you feel reasonably cool even though the temperature of your environment is very high.

填空题Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words in it. Fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear on the tape. The native people of North and South America were given the name "Indians" by the {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}Christopher Columbus. He thought he had reached the place called the Indies. In time, the {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}American Indian and Indian became {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}used. About two million Native Americans live in the United States today. Some Indians lived on {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}land called reservations, or on {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}lands. Others live in cities. Traditional culture remains strong in areas where large numbers of Indians live. But many Native Americans {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}that their cultural traditions will be lost as young people leave these areas for economic reasons. The economic {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}of American Indians as a group is not good. About 50 percent of those who live on reservations have no jobs. Those who do have jobs earn less than other Americans. Most Indians hold low-paying {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}jobs. Indians have many health problems and do not live as long as other Americans. But the situation is improving as more Indians are becoming {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Today, most Native Americans graduate from high school. At least 9 percent of all Indians 25 years old or older have finished college. American Indians are trying to change their economic situation, improve their lives and {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}their culture.

填空题Conventional wisdom says trees are good for the environment. They absorb carbon dioxide—a greenhouse gas—from the atmosphere and store it as carbon while releasing oxygen, a process for which forests have been called "the lungs of the planet". The roots of trees have been thought to trap sediments and nutrients in the soil. Trees have also been credited with steadying the flow of these rivers, keeping it relatively constant through wet and dry seasons, thus preventing both drought and flooding. It is all nonsense, concludes a research published this week. A four-year international study led by researchers at the University of Newcastle, in Britain, and the Free University of Amsterdam, identifies several myths about the link between forests and water. For example, in arid and semiarid areas, trees consume far more water than they trap. And it is not the trees that catch sediments and nutrients, and steady the flow of the rivers, but the fact that the soil has not been compressed. The World Commission on Water estimates that the demand for water will increase by around 50% in the next 30 years. Moreover, around 4 billion people—one half of the world"s population—will live in conditions of severe water stress, meaning they will not have enough water for drinking and washing to stay healthy, by 2025. The government of South Africa has been taking a tough approach to trees since it became the first to treat water as a basic human right in 1998. Trees lose water through evaporation (the technical term is transpiration) at twice the rate of grassland or South Africa"s unique fynbos scrubland. In a scheme praised by the hydrologists, the state penalizes forestry companies for preventing this water from reaching rivers and underground aquifers. In India, large tree-planting schemes not only lose valuable water but complicate the true problem identified by the hydrologists: the unregulated removal of water from aquifers to irrigate crops. Farmers need no permit to drill a borehole and, as most farmers receive free electricity, there is little economic control on the volume of water pumped. In the Kolar district in Karnataka, wells have dried up as the water table has plummeted from six metres to 150 metres below ground. Complete the summary with a maximum of two words from the passage, changing the form where necessary. It is commonly believed that trees are good for the environment, as they absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen; the roots of trees can trap water and 1 the flow of rivers. However, a recent study has found that this belief is 2 . According to the research, trees lose 3 water through evaporation than they trap. In South Africa, forestry companies are punished as the trees they planted prevented water from 4 rivers and underground aquifers. In India, farmers drilled many wells and used the underground water to 5 their farmland. This has lowered water table to 150 metres below ground. Many trees have been planted and in fact these trees complicate the existing problem.

填空题本翻译中心由有经验的专业翻译人员组成，以保证高质量的服务。 The Translation Centre is ______to ensure quality service．

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填空题 Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. In each case only one word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: Women are a force for change in Australian society. The pride of place given to men as almost the sole shapers of Australian history is being challenged. Today husbands more often than no share household chores, and more 79. ______ men are finding women alongside them in the workplace. It may be some time before there is a woman prime minister of Australia, but the need of women at the top--and their to be there--is now widely recognized. 80. ______ The growing role of men in the Australian work force is a cause and 81. ______ consequence of change attitudes and lifestyles in Australian society. 82. ______ In offices, laboratories and factories, in social and political organizations, women are making their presence feel. There are almost no 83. ______ remaining legal barriers against women in Australia in jobs, commercial contracts, politics and social life. The barriers that mainly stem from modem 84. ______ attitudes built into society. They are not easily changed by new laws. Women have brought out the most significant change in the Australian 85. ______ work force simply by entering it in thousands, and by seeking jobs which before were assumed to be suitable with men only. There are now women in 86. ______ Australia drive buses, taxis, racing cars and 50-ton trucks. They are 87. ______ racehorse jockeys (职业赛马骑手). They are apprentice electricians and mechanics. They are air-traffic controllers. They shear sheep and worked as 88. ______ laborers. They are judges members of parliament.

填空题Summary: Different people have different opinions about London"s 1 the Olympic Games in 2012. Eon thinks the Games will bring visitors to the UK, which is 2 Anne wants to have the Games in the UK, but not in London. She thinks they should be held in one of the cities without much industry and with many 3 problems. Roger thinks the Games are expensive and wants to spend the money on other things such as 4 and hospitals. Gina would like 5 to ask the people their opinions about the Games. She thinks that it is necessary to have a national vote.