填空题.Think of those fleeting moments when you look out of an aeroplane window and realise that you are flying, higher than a bird. Now think of your laptop, thinner than a brown paper envelope, or your cellphone in the palm of your hand. Take a moment or two to wonder at those marvels. You are the lucky inheritor of a dream coming true. The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier. 1 The networked computer is an amazing device, the first media machine that serves as the mode of production, means of distribution, site of reception, and place of praise and critique. The computer is the 21st century' s culture machine. But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer, we must also tread with caution. 2 I call it a secret war for two reasons.First, most people do not realise that there are strong commercial agendas at work to keep them in passive consumption mode. Second, the majority of people who use networked computers to upload are not even aware of the significance of what they are doing. All animals download, but only a few upload. Beavers build dams and birds make nests. Yet for the most part, the animal kingdom moves through the world downloading. Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then tum around and use them to create superfluous material goods—paintings, sculpture and architecture—and superfluous experiences—music, literature, religion and philosophy. 3 For all the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still stuck in download mode. Even after the advent of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining content to just consume. 4 Television is a one-way tap flowing into our homes. The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turn the power off after he has turned it on. 5 What counts as meaningful uploading? My definition revolves around the concept of "stickiness"—creations and experiences to which others adhere. Question A. Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity. B.Applications like tumblr. com., which allow users to combine pictures, words and other media in creative ways and then share them, have the potential to add stickiness by amusing, entertaining and enlightening others. C. Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day. D. This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active creation—whose outcome will shape our collective future m ways we can only begin to imagine. E. The challenge the computer mounts to television thus bears little similarity to one format being replaced by another in the manner of record players being replaced by CD players. F. One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half- century, much of the world's media culture has been defined by a single medium— television—and television is defined by downloading. G. The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading.

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 Most scholars agree that Isaac Newton, while formulating the laws of force and gravity and inventing the calculus in the late 1600s, probably knew all the science there was to know at the t

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 It might be said that the great, writers of each generation have not only succeeded in evoking a place or people, but also found a distinctive, previously unheard voice through which to do

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 As usual, when the West glamorizes something for commercial purposes, the whole weight of the communication media has been thrown into its vulgarisation, with the【C1】 re ___________ that we

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 If you happen to be shopping in the Ginza district of Tokyo, you might get a message on your mobile phone telling you which of the shops you’ re near has a sale on at the【C1】mo________. But

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 Speed Skating is a winter racing sport where athletes compete against one another on an ice-based circuit, using skates to navigate their way around the track. There are three main【C1】_____

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 As usual, when the West glamorizes something for commercial purposes, the whole weight of the communication media has been thrown into its vulgarisation, with the【C1】 re ___________ that we

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 Leonardo da Vinci As a painter, his legacy of work is indisputably less extensive than other master painters. As an anatomist, he failed to publish his research. As a sculptor, he left us n

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 When children—and older people who should know better—think of pirates, they think of storybook characters.The most 【C1】fa__________ of these are Long John Silver in Treasure Island and Cap

填空题.As the presidential candidates shift toward the general election, voters will hear divergent plans to address the problem of "too big to fail" financial institutions. The real threat to Wall Street, however, doesn't come from politicians, but from startups that are disrupting financial services at an unprecedented pace. In 2015 investment in financial technology (Fin Tech) startups that aim to transform the industry rose to nearly $14 billion, according to American Banker. As they gain customers, the megabanks will lose ground. "Too big to fail" also often means too clumsy to innovate. Already these institutions are finding themselves playing defense. Innovative blockchain technology—the magic behind Bitcoin—could drive further decentralization and disruption. But it isn't just banking. New startups are reimagining how we learn, eat, stay healthy and get around. This is only a start, as the Third Wave of the Internet gains strength. The First Wave was about building the Internet. Companies such as AOL created the underlying infrastructure and brought America and the rest of the world online. This phase peaked around 2000, setting the stage for the Second Wave, which has been about building apps and services on top of the Internet. Now the Third Wave has begun. Over the next decade and beyond, the Internet will rapidly become ubiquitous, integrated into our everyday lives, often in invisible ways. This will challenge industries such as health care, education, financial services, energy and transportation—which collectively represent more than half the U. S. economy. Take education. While the presidential candidates discuss the merits of abolishing or expanding the federal Education Department, entrepreneurs are revolutionizing how instructors teach and students learn. Venture capitalists see what's coming. Funding for EdTech startups hit $1.85 billion in 2015, according to EdSurge, up from $360 million in 2010. Former teachers are leading companies that are unleashing—finally—personalized and adaptive learning. While the pundits debate education policy, the innovators are in the trenches improving classrooms all across the country. Or look at health care. As the candidates pitch plans to abolish or build on the Affordable Care Act, the real action to improve America's medical system is coming from entrepreneurs. They are inventing better ways to keep us healthy, and smarter ways to treat us when we get sick. The revolution in health care is being led by the innovators who are working tirelessly to improve outcomes, enhance convenience and lower costs. And again, investors sense this: in 2015 health care companies raised a record $16.1 billion in venture capital, The Wall Street Journal reported, and increase from 2014 of 34%. And work itself is changing. Politicians promise to boost job creation, but their debates seem out of step with reality. As more industries become "Uberized," and increasing share of employees will work multiple gigs. A full-time job with a single employer could become pass6. Thus, how we manage benefits, sick leave and vacation will need to be modernized. That is likely the only path to lifting up the increasingly frustrated middle class. Second Wave startups have been centered around software: build an app, do what you can to drive viral adoption, and then find a way to make money, usually by selling ads, but sometimes by selling the entire company. In the Third Wave this approach won't work as well. Third Wave innovators will need to leam the lessons of the First Wave: the importance of partnerships, policy and perseverance. They won't be able to go it alone; they'll need to go together. They'll need to engage with governments, as regulators and often as customers. And they'll need to recognize that revolutions often happen in evolutionary ways. Success will require many alliances, as well as constructive dialogue with regulators. The Third Wave of the Internet is also converging with trends toward regional entrepreneurship and impact investing. The State Science and Technology Institute reports that more than three-quarters of venture capital investment in 2015 went to three states: California, Massachusetts and New York. But now we're seeing the "Rise of the Rest": cities across America are differentiating themselves by supporting startups. The next transformative enterprise in food systems could come from the Midwest instead of Silicon Valley. Impact investing—which focuses on purpose as well as profit—is growing, too. Investors, customers and employees increasingly want to believe in the companies that they buy from or work for. Politicians and corporate executives should be mindful that the tectonic plates of our economy are starting to shift. They should engage entrepreneurs and seek win-win partnerships, instead of simply watching them with skepticism, or, worse, trying to hobble them with regulations. As in the First Wave, coopetition—blending competition and cooperation—will likely define the coming era. The world is changing for all of us, and a new playbook is required. Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank. This is about next wave in the Internet's evolution. The real threat to financial institutions comes from 1 that are disrupting financial services at an unprecedented pace. Of three waves, 2 was under construction for the first wave. For the second the main target was building 3 on top of the Internet. The third wave of the Internet is also converging with trends toward 4 and impact investing. As innovators, 5 are changing the ways of how teachers teach and students learn.

填空题DavidHumewasbominEdinburghon26thApril1711toJosephandKatherineHume.Bothparentswereofagood,【C1】al__________notespeciallywealthy,background.Hisfather’sfamilyisabranchoftheEarlofHume’sandhisancestorshavebeenproprietorsofamodestestateforseveral【C2】gen__________,whilehismotherwasthedaughterofSirDavidFalconer,adistinguishedlawyer【C3】__________becamePresidentoftheCollegeofJustice.NotmuchisknownaboutHume’searlychildhoodandeducation.Itislikelythathespenthischildhood【C4】__________(divide)betweenthefamily’sEdinburghhouseonthesouthsideoftheLawnmarket,thedwellingpresumablyinwhichHumewasbom,andNinewells,thefamilyestateontheWhiteadderRiverintheborderlowlandsnearBerwick.ThehouseatNinewellsstandsonabluffabovethewatersoftheWhiteadder.Downthebluffafewyardstothesoutheastofthehouse,anoverhangingrockformsashallowcavewherelocal【C5】leg__________hasitheindulgedinprofoundphilosophicalreflections.Further【C6】alo__________thewatersidearemorecaves,quarriesandfreestonerocks,anditisaroundthesepartswhereHumeprobablyplayedasayoungboywithhiselderbrotherJohn,inadditionto【C7】__________(engage)inactivitieslikehunting,fishingandhorseriding.Sinceattendanceatchurchwas【C8】req__________bylawatthattimepresumablyHumeandhisfamilyalsoattendedthelocalChurchofScotlandpastoredbyhisuncle.MostlikelyeducatedathomebylocaltutorsinadditiontohisMother’sinstruction,untilattheageofeleven,HumeaccompaniedhisbrothertoEdinburghUniversity.Hisstudiesthereprobably【C9】inc__________Latin,Greek,logic,metaphysics,moralphilosophy,history,mathematicsandnaturalphilosophy.HeleftEdinburghUniversityineither1725or1726,whenhewasaroundfifteenyearsold,withoutformallytakingadegreetopursuehiseducationprivately.Hisscholarlydisposition,coupledwiththefact【C10】__________bothhisfatherandmaternalgrandfatherhadbeenlawyers,meantthatacareerinlawwasencouraged,buthisscholarlyinterestssoonturnedtoliteratureandphilosophy.《问题》：【C8】

填空题DavidHumewasbominEdinburghon26thApril1711toJosephandKatherineHume.Bothparentswereofagood,【C1】al__________notespeciallywealthy,background.Hisfather’sfamilyisabranchoftheEarlofHume’sandhisancestorshavebeenproprietorsofamodestestateforseveral【C2】gen__________,whilehismotherwasthedaughterofSirDavidFalconer,adistinguishedlawyer【C3】__________becamePresidentoftheCollegeofJustice.NotmuchisknownaboutHume’searlychildhoodandeducation.Itislikelythathespenthischildhood【C4】__________(divide)betweenthefamily’sEdinburghhouseonthesouthsideoftheLawnmarket,thedwellingpresumablyinwhichHumewasbom,andNinewells,thefamilyestateontheWhiteadderRiverintheborderlowlandsnearBerwick.ThehouseatNinewellsstandsonabluffabovethewatersoftheWhiteadder.Downthebluffafewyardstothesoutheastofthehouse,anoverhangingrockformsashallowcavewherelocal【C5】leg__________hasitheindulgedinprofoundphilosophicalreflections.Further【C6】alo__________thewatersidearemorecaves,quarriesandfreestonerocks,anditisaroundthesepartswhereHumeprobablyplayedasayoungboywithhiselderbrotherJohn,inadditionto【C7】__________(engage)inactivitieslikehunting,fishingandhorseriding.Sinceattendanceatchurchwas【C8】req__________bylawatthattimepresumablyHumeandhisfamilyalsoattendedthelocalChurchofScotlandpastoredbyhisuncle.MostlikelyeducatedathomebylocaltutorsinadditiontohisMother’sinstruction,untilattheageofeleven,HumeaccompaniedhisbrothertoEdinburghUniversity.Hisstudiesthereprobably【C9】inc__________Latin,Greek,logic,metaphysics,moralphilosophy,history,mathematicsandnaturalphilosophy.HeleftEdinburghUniversityineither1725or1726,whenhewasaroundfifteenyearsold,withoutformallytakingadegreetopursuehiseducationprivately.Hisscholarlydisposition,coupledwiththefact【C10】__________bothhisfatherandmaternalgrandfatherhadbeenlawyers,meantthatacareerinlawwasencouraged,buthisscholarlyinterestssoonturnedtoliteratureandphilosophy.《问题》：【C2】

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 Most scholars agree that Isaac Newton, while formulating the laws of force and gravity and inventing the calculus in the late 1600s, probably knew all the science there was to know at the t

填空题.The means by which an art form presents its message is referred to as the medium. Thus, sound produced by instruments or human voices is the medium of music. Paint on canvas or paper is the medium of painting, For literature, the medium is written language. For theatre, it is a story performed by actors on a stage. Drama is sometimes seen as a branch of literature because plays, like literature, are often printed in book form. However, there is an important difference between the two forms. Unlike a novel, a play is written to be performed, and the script of a play is not a finished work; it is an outline for a performance. The physical production of the play—the scenery, lighting, and costumes—will all affect the performance, and so will the actors. How the actors interpret their roles greatly influences the play's effect on the audience. The basic encounter in theatre is between the performers and the audience. This is a special type of encounter because the performers are playing other people or characters. Moreover, the characters are part of a human story that has been written by a dramatist. This combination of elements distinguishes theatre from other art forms. Theatre has several other distinctive characteristics. First, the subject matter of theatre is always human beings. Second, theatre is universal-there is an impulse toward creating theatre in all societies. Third, theatre is transitory in nature—a play is an event that occurs through time. Finally, theatre is set apart by its basic elements: audience, performers, director, dramatist, purpose, viewpoint, and setting. Human beings and human concerns are always the subject matter of drama, even when the performers play animals, objects, or abstract ideas. In the medieval play Everyman, some of the roles are abstract ideas such as Beauty, Knowledge, and Strength. The central character is Everyman, a human character, and the subject is death arriving before we want it to come—a theme that is universal to humans. The focus of the drama is on human beings, even though different human concerns have been emphasized in different ways. In view of the human-centered quality of theatre, it is not surprising that the impulse toward theatre is universal, The urge to create drama has existed wherever human society has developed: in Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. In every culture recorded in history or studied by anthropologists, we find rituals, ceremonies, and celebrations that include elements of theatre. At various times, these ceremonies and stories developed into a separate realm of character. In Greece, a fully developed theatre emerged almost 2,500 years ago. In India, theatre became well-established around 2,000 years ago, Wherever theatre has become a separate art form, it has had certain essential qualities: a story-the play, is presented by one group-the performers, to another group-the audience. One essential quality in a theatre performance is its immediacy. In the theatre, we live in the perpetual present tense. Theatre is a transitory art. A performance changes from moment to moment, and each moment is a direct, immediate adventure for the audience. The transitory nature of theatre is a quality it shares with music and dance, and sets it apart from literature and the visual arts. A novel or a painting is a fixed subject; it exists as a finished product. The performing arts, on the other hand, are not objects but events. Theatre occurs through time; it is an experience created by a series of sights, sounds, and impressions. Questions Fill in the blanks below with information from the passage, using no more than four words for each blank. Theater The art of theater conveys its message by 1 One of the differences between literature and drama is that a play is written to 2 . The basic dramatic conflict is between 3 . The subject matter of the play Everyman is on 4 , even though human concerns have been outlined many times. 5 is regarded as an essential quality in a theatre performance.

填空题In recent decades

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 As usual, when the West glamorizes something for commercial purposes, the whole weight of the communication media has been thrown into its vulgarisation, with the【C1】 re ___________ that we

填空题Jake, aged 16, has a grandmother named Rita

填空题Malnutrition during weaning age—when breast milk i

填空题《复合题被拆开情况》 As usual, when the West glamorizes something for commercial purposes, the whole weight of the communication media has been thrown into its vulgarisation, with the【C1】 re ___________ that we

填空题February 14 is Valentine's Day