单选题{{B}}Section A{{/B}} Instructions: There is one passage in this section with 5 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Questions 46 -50 are based on the following passage. The best way to learn is to teach. This is the message emerging from experiments in several schools in which teenage pupils who have problems at school themselves are tutoring younger children-with remarkable results for both sides. According to American research, pupil tutoring wins "hands down" over computerized instruction and American teachers say that no other recent innovation has proved so consistently successful. Now the idea is spreading in Britain. Throughout this term, a group of 14-year-olds at Trinity Comprehensive in Leamington Spa have been spending an hour a week helping children at a nearby primary school with their reading. The younger children read aloud to their tutors (who are supervised by university students of education) and then play word games with them. All the 14-year-olds have some of their own lessons in a special unit for children who have difficulties at school. Though their intelligence is around average, most of them have fallen behind in reading, writing and maths and in some cases. This has led to truancy or bad behaviour in class. Jean Bond, who is running the special unit, while on sabbatical from Warwick University's education department, says that the main benefit of tutoring is that it improves the adolescents' self-esteem. "The younger children come rushing up every time and welcome them. It makes the tutors feel important whereas, in normal school lessons, they often feel inadequate. Everyone benefits. The older children need practice in reading but, if they had to do it in their own classes, they would say it was kids' stuff and be worried about losing face. The younger children get individual attention from very patient people. The tutors are struggling at school themselves, so when the younger ones can't learn, they know exactly why. " The tutors agree. "When I was little, I used to skive and say that I couldn't do things when I really could," says Mark Greger. "The boy I've been teaching does the same. He says he can't read a page of his book so I tell him that if he does do it, we can play a game. That works. " The young children speak warmly of their new teachers. "He doesn't shout like our teachers," says eight-year-old Jenny of her tutor, Cliff MeFarlane who, among his own teachers, has a reputation for being a handful. Yet Cliff sees himself as a tough teacher. "If they get a word wrong," he says, "I keep them at it until they get it right. " Jean Bond, who describes pupil tutoring as an "{{U}}educational conjuring trick{{/U}}", has run two previous experiments. In one, six persistent truants, aged 15 upwards, tutored 12 slow-learning infants in reading and maths. None of the six played truant from any of the tutoring sessions. "The degree of concentration they showed while working with their pupils was remarkable for pupils who had previously shown little ability to concentrate on anything related to schoolwork for any period of time," says Bond. The tutors became "reliable, conscientious caring individuals". Their own reading, previously mechanical and monotonous, became far more expressive as a result of reading stories aloud to infants. Their view of education, which they had previously dismissed as "crap" and "a waste of time", was transformed. They became firmly resolved to teach their own children to read before starting school because, as one of them put it, "If they go for a job and they can't write, they're not going to employ you, are they?" The tutors also became more sympathetic to their own teachers' difficulties, because they were frustrated themselves when the infants "mucked about". In the seven weeks of the experiment, concludes Bond, "These pupils received more recognition, reward and feelings of worth than they had previously experienced in many years of formal schooling. " And the infants, according to their own teachers, showed measurable gains in reading skills by the end of the scheme.

单选题Man: Don't freak me out. Can you give me an idea of your holiday nightmare? Woman: Oh, easy! ______! We holidayed in Cornwall last year, only to find people all lined up like whales on a beach. Man: That sounds really dreadful. A. Bad sleep often leads to nightmare B. A crowded beach C. A big storm D. Safety is the most important

单选题While ______ an efficiency test on an engine, certain precautions should be observed.

单选题The major source of income of Irish farmers is ______. A. wheat B. fruits C. livestock D. potatoes

单选题English words are not always spoiled ______. A. in the way how they sound B. as they're sounding C. in the way of their sounds D. the way they sound

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单选题All living creature are thought to ______ an organism that came into being three billion year ago.

单选题In the twentieth century Britain experienced many wars, of which ________brought the country the largest number of casualties.

单选题During the winter time, we sometimes get _____ six or seven tourist groups a week.

单选题It is often said that an American starts speech with a joke, ______ a Japanese has an apology to make.

单选题Never before _________ available for quick and easy acess in so many different fields of study.

单选题______ has been regarded by some as "the Father of the English Poetry".

单选题He took away ten papers, but only seven were in his pocket. What had become ______ three ?

单选题I don"t doubt ______ the plan will be well-conceived.

单选题Sometimes it is necessary to be careful _______ the right date to sit for a test.

单选题Whose major responsibilities are for Iraqi issues?

单选题{{B}}Section B{{/B}} In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Collision between an aircraft and one or more birds is termed a bird-strike. Pilots sometimes record a birdstrike while at cruising altitudes, but most of them happen when an aircraft is relatively close to the ground, usually in proximity to an airport and during the circling, descent to land or take-off phases of a flight. Birdstrikes may cause significant damage to an aircraft and/or, if the birds are ingested into a jet engine, a significant and sudden loss of power. If this were to happen during take-off or initial climb of a fully loaded passenger aircraft the results could be catastrophic—loss of the aircraft and the lives of those on board. Any bird is a potential hazard to aircraft and this is especially true as bird numbers and bird size increase. Unfortunately airports themselves can be attractive to birds—rodents, insects and other small animals are a food source often found in flat grassed areas such as the runway strips. Even so, this problem can be reduced by careful habitat management or bird harassment techniques practised by airport maintenance and safety personnel. Further problems may arise because the airport is located on bird migration routes. These may have existed prior to the airport site selection—but may not have been taken into account because the problem was not understood at the time—or have only been recently established because the birds have found an attractive new food source. Care needs to be taken by local authorities in deciding the location of rubbish tips, or when permitting other land uses that may be attractive to birds in this way. Of course these effects cannot always be anticipated with certainty since birds such as gulls have been recorded as travelling 50 kilometres or more from their roosting area to an attractive food source. Agricultural uses may be thought desirable because they are compatible with high levels of noise exposure, but they can have an adverse effect on air-craft operations if birds are attracted during seeding or crop cultivation. Birds may also be attracted to pig farms where garbage is used as fodder. Even tree plantings can present a hazard if the species provides an attractive food source or nesting habitat. Local authority planning schemes often apply strict controls on developments such as abattoirs, cattle feed lots, grain handling, piggeries, canals and marina developments, fish farms, and suchlike. In most cases these uses will not be permitted without a full environmental study. That study should be required to deal with the question of likely bird hazards if the proposed location is in proximity to an airport. In some instances it may be necessary to consider ways of managing a particular land use in order to reduce its attractiveness to birds, for example the adoption of land-fill measures at garbage tips, or enclosed rather than open-air activity. Specialist ornithological opinion may be necessary. In such cases it may not be possible to implement immediate changes in land use, but this should not inhibit the adoption of long-term measures which are designed to achieve this. SUMMARY: A collision between an aircraft and one or more birds is known as a bird strike. It usually happens when an aircraft is close {{U}}(51) {{/U}}, and may result in significant damage of the aircraft or loss of the aircraft and {{U}}(52) {{/U}} of passengers and crew if they occur during take-off or initial climb. Because birds can find plenty food in flat grassed areas, airports are especially attractive to birds. However, the danger can be minimized by {{U}}(53) {{/U}} Local authorities need to take care when deciding on {{U}}(54) {{/U}} It is suggested that a full environmental study should be made before making plans of developments on the land in proximity to an airport. Local authorities should get advice from specialists and take {{U}}(55) {{/U}} in order to bring about changes in land use.

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单选题--The radio"s terribly loud. Could you turn it down a little? -- Sorry ! ______ --Yes, and something else--wouldn"t it be an idea to buy your own Soap?

单选题The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ______ modified and improved the design in 1765.