单选题Conditions on the noisy hallway were not at all conducive to sleep.

单选题Passage Three The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget in his hypothesis that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for transgressions on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences causeD. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage. Keasey's research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmfulacts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, serf-defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor's action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to "Bonnie wrecks Arm's pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it "so somebody won't fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann feel bad". Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments. Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make subtle distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous.

单选题She has a small machine for ______ coffee beans.

单选题His hands were white and small, his frame was______, his voice was quiet and his manners were refined.

单选题The ______that democracies do not fight each other is based on a tiny historical sample.

单选题This cultural perspective disorients foreign teachers, who misperceive their students as passive and withdrawn.

单选题The government is financing a study of the effects on human of living in a megalopolis. The underlined word means______.

单选题I would appreciate ______ it a secret.

单选题Only those students ______ thinks the best can be accepted by this university. A. who B. he C. that D. what

单选题While we are young, we are continually______new ideas, altering our thought patterns,making up our minds afresh.

单选题While she had the fever, she______for hours.

单选题Who ______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?

单选题Passage Three Mary Barton, particularly in its early chapters, is a moving response to the suffering of the industrial worker in the England of the 1840's. What is most impressive about the book is the intense and painstaking effort made by the author, Elizabeth Gaskell, to convey the experience of everyday life in working-class homes. Her method is partly documentary in nature: the novel includes such features as a carefully annotated reproduction of dialect, the exact details of food prices in an account of a tea party, an itemized description of the furniture of the Bartons living room, and a transcription (again annotated) of the ballad "The Oldham Weaver". The interest of this record is considerable, even though the method has a slightly distancing effect. As a member of the middle class, Gaskell could hardly help approaching working-class life as an outside observer and a reporter, and the reader of the novel is always conscious of this fact. But there is genuine imaginative re-creation in her accounts of the walk in Green Heys Fields, of tea at the Bartons house, and of John Barton and his friend's discovery of the starving family in the cellar in the chapter "Poverty and Death". Indeed, for a similarly convincing re-creation of such families' emotions and responses (which are more crucial than the material details on which the mere reporter is apt to concentrate) , the English novel had to wait 60 years for the early writing of D. H. Laurence. If Gaskell never quite conveys the sense of full participation that would completely authenticate this aspect of Mary Barton, she still brings to these scenes an intuitive recognition of feelings that has its own sufficient conviction. The chapter "Old Alice's History" brilliantly dramatizes the situation of that early generation of workers brought from the villages and the countryside to the urban industrial centers. The account of Job Legh, the weaver and naturalist who is devoted to the study of biology, vividly embodies one kind of response to an urban industrial environment: an affinity for living things that hardens, by its very contrast with its environment, into a kind of crankiness. The early chapters—about factory workers walking out in spring into Green Heys Fields; about Alice Wilson, remembering, in her cellar the twig-gathering for brooms in the native village that she will never again see; about Job Legh, intent on his impaled insects—capture the characteristic responses of a generation to the new and crushing experience of industrialism. The other early chapters eloquently portray the development of the instinctive cooperation with each other that was already becoming an important tradition among workers.

单选题We are on the ______ of a new era in European relations.

单选题Besides washing the cut, put some______on it in case you have got some dirt in it.

单选题______ these conditions are fulfilled ______ the application proceed to the next stage.

单选题As the seriousness of the situation slowly became apparent, the crowd"s mood changed from anxiety to hysteria.

单选题The rules laid the foundation for a major (restructuring) in gas pipeline operations by requiring pipelines to charge (separately) for each of their services and by making them available (on equal basis) to anyone (desiring) to use them.

单选题Bebop's legacy is ______ one: bebop may have won jazz the right to be taken seriously as an art form, but it ______ jazz's mass audience, which turned to other forms of music such as rock and pop. A. a mixed, alienated B. a troubled, seduced C. an ambiguous, aggrandized D. a valuable, refined

单选题The coming of the runways in the 1830's ______ our society and economic life. A. transformed B. transported C. transmitted D. transferred