单选题The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our ______almost two hours later.

单选题In developing a model of cognition, we must recognize that perception of the external world does not always remain independent of motivation. While progress toward maturity is positively correlated with differentiation between motivation and cognition, tension will, even in the mature adult, militate towards a narrowing of the range of perception and in the lessening of the objectivity of perception. Cognition can be seen as the first step in the sequence of events leading from the external stimulus to the behavior of the individual. The child develops from belief that all things are an extension of its own body to the recognition that objects exist independent of his perception. He begins to demonstrate awareness of people and things which are removed from his sensory apparatus and initiates goal directed behaviors. He may, however, refuse to recognize the existence of barriers to the attainment of his goals, despite the fact that his cognition of these objects has been previously demonstrated. In the primitive being, goal-directed behavior can be very simply motivated. The presence of an attractive object will cause an infant to reach for it; its removal will result in the cessation of that action. Studies have shown no evidence of the infant"s frustration; rather, it appears that the infant ceases to desire the object when he cannot see it. Further indications are that the infant"s attention to the attractive object increases as a result of its not being in his grasp. In fact, if he holds a toy and another is presented, he is likely to drop the first in order to clutch the second. Often, once he has the one desired in his hands, he loses attention and turns to something else. In adult life, mere cognition can be similarly motivational, although the visible presence of the opportunity is not required as the instigator of response. The mature adult modifies his reaction by obtaining information, interpreting it, and examining consequences. He formulates a hypothesis and attempts to test it. He searches out implicit relationships, examines all factors, and differentiates among them. Just as the trained artist can separate the values of colour, composition, and technique , while taking in and evaluating the whole work, so, too, the mature person brings his cognitive learning strengths to bear in appraising a situation. Understanding that cognition is separate from action, his reactions are only minimally guided from conditioning, and take into consideration anticipatable events. The impact of the socialization process, particularly which of parental and social group ideology , may reduce cognitively directed behavior. The tension thus produced, as for instance the stress of fear, anger, or extreme emotion, will often be the overriding influence. The evolutionary process of development from body schema through to cognitive learning is similarly manifested in the process of language acquisition. Auditing and speaking develop first, reading and writing much later on. Not only is this evident in the development of the individual human being from infancy on, but also in the development of language for humankind. Every normal infant has the physiological equipment necessary to produce sound, but the child must first master their use for sucking, biting, and chewing before he can control his equipment for use in producing the sounds of language. The babble and chatter of the infant are precursors to intelligible vocal communication. From the earliest times, it is clear that language and human thought have been intimately connected. Sending or receiving messages, from primitive warnings of danger to explaining creative or reflective thinking, this aspect of cognitive development is also firmly linked to the needs and aspirations of society.

单选题In the past, a woman's world usually______household work and waiting for her children and husband to come home.

单选题When Jim threw his back out while helping his wife Nancy move the sofa, he feared the treatment the doctor would recommend, a week"s worth of bed rest during the nicest week in April would certainly wreck Jim"s golf plans.

单选题Manual {{U}}dexterity{{/U}} may be compromised by arthritis, affecting ability to gasp, manipulate and maneuver objects. A. skills B. clumsiness C. adroitness D. twitch

单选题One model is a high-fashion show wore a hat so ______ that it had to be supported with four poles carried by four attendants.

单选题He is considered to be an outstanding artist, but I consider his work to be quite______.

单选题After reviewing the troops, ______ visiting general commented that he had finally seen the kind of ______ soldier that the nation needs.

单选题Her speeches are full of ______wit and warmth.

单选题A lot of people think we could be headed for trouble by tampering with Mother Nature and producing genetically altered food. But those who promote genetically modified foods say it"s no more unnatural than traditional selective breeding, to say nothing about synthetic fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Most Canadians regularly eat bioengineered food. Anyone who consumes cheese, potatoes, tomatoes, soybeans, corn, wheat, and salmon is taking in genetically modified (GM) food. In addition, 75 % of processed foods contain GM ingredients. In fact, around 65% of the food we get from the shops has some genetically modified component. GM food does not have to be labeled as such in Canada, so most of us don"t know we"re eating it. Some of the items that have a high likelihood of containing GM material might surprise you. They include chocolate bars, baby food, margarine, canned soup, ice cream, salad dressing, yogurt, cereals, cookies, and frozen French fries. And, there"s nothing new about this. Farmers and plant breeders have used genetically modified foods for centuries; if they hadn"t, we"d probably still be eating grass instead of wheat. They"ve refined the foods we eat through selective crossbreeding, combining different types of wheat, for example, and eliminating weaker varieties. Today, genetic engineering is changing the nature of plant breeding even more: it"s no longer just a case of mixing different varieties of the same species. Now, genes from completely different life forms are being combined-fish genes into tomatoes to make the latter more frost resistant, for example. Such "tampering with Nature" makes a lot of people anxious. They wonder if the foods that come out of genetic modification are safe for human consumption. Scientists say they are completely safe; GM is just a way of adding genes to plants to make it possible for them to survive without the use of pesticides and to increase yields. But, the non-believers point out that scientists said that nuclear power, the toxic insecticide DDT, and a host of other things, were also completely harmless. Fans of agricultural biotechnology think producing GM food is a move in the right direction, that it will ultimately improve health, the environment, and the economy. They"re convinced it will solve the world"s hunger problems by boosting the nutritional content of foods, lead to a drop in pesticide and herbicide use, and result in more efficient and profitable farming. Critics say it could also create superweeds and insects, disrupt global food systems, destroy ecological diversity, put small farms out of business, and cause long-term environmental problems. All that aside, they think consumers have a right to know what is in their food. After all, GM products do pose some problems. In 1998, a researcher at the Rowett Institute for Agriculture in Aberdeen announced to the world that genetically engineered potatoes did some nasty things to the rats they were tested on. The potatoes were engineered to produce a molecule which is a natural insecticide that makes them resistant to aphids. But, the rats that ate the potatoes didn"t grow as large as normal rats and were less resistant to disease. Further research showed that the added gone wasn"t the only cause for concern: the genetic-engineering process itself was causing some serious problems in the development of organs such as the kidney and spleen. Some genetic modifications have been clearly beneficial. For example, one variety of maize has been genetically manipulated to produce a natural insecticide that protects it from the corn-borer moth. Scientists have also developed GM soybeans which are not damaged by some common herbicides used to kiI1 weeds. What is more, the rats that were fed GM potatoes may not have been harmed as a result of the genetic modification but possibly as a result of the way the potatoes were gown; all in all, there are just too many variables to blame the genetic-engineering process alone. Still, some believe that the potential problems with gene modification are so well known that existing safeguards, in both America and the European Union, can prevent them. Supporters of GM foods look on the bright side. According to the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (financed largely by biotechnology firms) the insect-resistant maize has increased yields in fields where it is planted by 9%. And, there might be an environmental advantage too. In 1997, 2.8 million hectares of the variety of maize were planted in the U.S. and farmers were able to avoid using $190 million worth of insecticide. Herbicide-resistant soybeans also needed less spraying, pumping between 20% and 40% fewer chemicals into the environment. Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER from the passage, answer the following questions.

单选题Although adolescent maturational and developmental states occur in an orderly sequence, their timing ______ with regard to onset and duration.

单选题The child was uncomfortable under the scrutiny of his grandfather.

单选题The research committee urged the archaeologist to ______ her claim that the tomb she has discovered was that of Alexander the Great, since her initial report has been based only on ______. A. disseminate...supposition B. withdraw...evidence C. undercut... caprice D. document... conjecture

单选题A newly independent colony was plunged into ______ by warring factions and a lack of central leadership.

单选题The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to ______ government spending A. finance B. expand C. enlarge D. budget

单选题When asked why they use pirated CDs and computer softwares, many people said that the______versions cost too much.

单选题The European Commission spokesman Gooch said at a press conference that after the European Commission has officially notified the WTO, "The EU can feel free to impose ______ tariffs on US products."

单选题A______smile that in the next minute turned into an embarrassed blush.

单选题The best known of all the Arctic birds, ______.

单选题Apple Inc. seeks to introduce in China its new Apple Pay electronic-payment service in February 2016, the company has concluded deals recently with China's four largest state-run banks, with the deals in place, potential Apple Pay users will be allowed to link their local bank accounts with Apple Pay.