填空题How Did She Conquer the Americans? African-American talk show queen Oprah Winfrey is the world"s most powerful celebrity, according to Forbes magazine. 1 Winfrey, 51, draws 30 million viewers weekly in the United States. Her talk show reaches 112 countries. She earned US$225 million over the past 12 months to rank second in celebrity riches. The annual Forbes list gives most weight to annual earnings. 2 "After 21 years, her exciting chat show still rules the airwaves. It created new celebrities and hundreds of millions of dollars in profits," the magazine said. Winfrey is most popular with her popular talk show "The Oprah Winfrey Show". She can always attract the superstars and let them open up to her intimate interviewing style. Last month, American actor Tom Cruise, 42, surprised fans when he celebrated his new romance with 26-year-old actress Katie Holmes. He jumped up and down, shouting "I"m in love." Only a few years ago, Cruise and his ex-wife Nicole Kidman appeared separately on the same show telling the news of their divorce 3 Winfrey"s approach appears to be simple. She is in pursuit of self-improvement and self-empowerment (自强). This has proved to be just what people, especially women, want. Winfrey often talks about her personal secrets on her show. That pulls in viewers. For example, she revealed that she had been sexually abused as a child, and has spoken freely of her struggle with her weight. Winfrey was born to a poor family in Mississippi in 1954 4 At the age of 19, she became the youngest person and the first African-American woman to anchor (主持) a news program. Her success has not just been on the screen. Her media group includes a women"s TV network and websites for women. Winfrey"s work has extended to social change. 5 She testified before the US Senate to establish a national database of dangerous child abusers. President Bill Clinton later signed "Oprah Bill" into law. A. But it also looks at the celebrity"s presence on the Internet and in the media. B. In 1991, she did a lot of work for the National Child Protection Act. C. She was not a very successful woman. D. She began broadcasting while still at high school. E. It placed Winfrey at the top of its annual ranking of the 100 people last week. F. The couple had been tight-lipped about their break-up.

填空题 {{B}}Writing{{/B}} Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last.{{U}} (1) {{/U}}Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purpose-school work, matters of business, or purely social communication.{{U}} (2) {{/U}} There are still some remote places in the world where you might find someone to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a few mangers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from.{{U}} (3) {{/U}} We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put to the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous.{{U}} (4) {{/U}}We want to arouse and hold the interest of readers. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not thrown into some "letters-to-be-read" file or into a wastepaper basket.{{U}} (5) {{/U}} A. But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves. B. However, the managers may sometimes cause the writers a lot of trouble. C. Any good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown (成熟的). D. What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes, that his writing will be read. E. This is the mason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing. F. You may be sure that the greater the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.

填空题A. the ability to work with othersB. encouraging group membersC. lack of good leadersD. bossing people aroundE. working out good strategiesF. overcoming fears about being a leader

填空题 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 {{B}} 60th Anniversary Ceremony in Moscow{{/B}}1 With thousands of soldiers and war veterans parading across Moscow's Red Square and fighter jets screaming overhead, Russia celebrated the 60th anniversary of defeating Nazi Germany. More than 50 world leaders, including China's President Hu Jintao, attended the ceremony.2 Speaking at the start of the parade, Russia's President Vladimir Putin praised all those who fought for freedom and independence. "The war shows that resorting to force to solve problems will result in tragedy for the world, so a peaceful order should be safeguarded (护卫) based on security, justice and cultural exchange," Putin said. "Faced with the real threat of terrorism today, we must remain faithful to the memory of our fathers. It is our duty to defend a world order based on security and justice and on a new culture of relations among nations that will not allow a repeat of any war, neither 'cold' nor 'hot'," he continued.3 The Second World War is perhaps the most catastrophic (灾难性的) event that mankind has ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the world's people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 million lives.4 After the celebration, President Hu said that peace, development and cooperation were the future. "China will unswervingly (坚定地) follow the road of peace and development and will make a joint effort with all nations to contribute to safeguarding world peace and promoting development," he said.5 German' Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder asked Russia for forgiveness for the suffering Germany inflicted (造成) during the Second World War in an article in Sunday's Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper. "Today we ask forgiveness for the suffering inflicted upon the Russian people and other peoples at the hands of Germans and in the name of Germans," Schroeder said.6 President Hu and the other leaders also joined a wreath (花圈) laying ceremony at the Tomb of the Unkn'0wn Soldiers on Monday.

填空题Operatunity 1. Operatunity is a TV talent show for amateur opera singers. The winners get the chance to sing with the English National Opera. When two housewives, Denise Leigh and Jane Gilchrist won in 2002, their lives changed forever. As they sang Verdi's Rigoletto at the Coliseum(音乐厅)in Rome, they were transformed from working mothers into opera celebrities(名人). 2. "I live in the village I was born in, "says Denise, who is blind. "Lots of my neighbours are family, and my life is all about my three children. "Jane, who worked as a cleaner and a shop assistant, was in a similar situation. She says," All I had to look forward to was seeing my four children grow up, and I love that, but.., you think 'there must be more to life'. Winning Operatunity has opened up avenues I never knew existed. " 3. "This last year has been amazing," Denise continues. "Last month was Paris, before that we were recording at Abbey Road, in London, and recently we had our album launch at the Royal Opera House. ""We' ve been treated like princesses, "laughs Jane. "... champagne, chocolates, five-star hotels... " 4. But it wasn't all so easy. For Denise, the worst part was waiting at the beginning. "After I'd sent in my application form I worried for a month. Then I had to wait ten days after my first audition (试唱). That was awful. "Even when they won the competition they were allowed to tell their close family but they weren't allowed to tell anyone else until later. Denise and Jane also found the travelling difficult. They couldn't take their children with them while they were away singing so they had to organise childcare. However, there's been no problem with the physical side of singing: "We didn't have to worry about that as we've had lots of help and wonderful voice training," says Jane. They also had to learn to deal with the media. "The kids loved the fact that they could stay up and watch us on TV, but I just couldn't understand why some newspapers were more interested in the fact I divorced at 21, rather than the fact I had just sung at the Coliseum, "says Denise.A. AdviceB. Living the new lifeC. The competitionD. Becoming famousE. Their lives beforeF. The difficult parts

填空题Quality After-school Programs Quality after-school programs are designed to improve academic performance, decrease youth crimes and other high-risk behaviors, and help young people grow into healthy, successful adults. The effect of quality after-school programs on academic performance is clear. Studies show that students who take part in such programs show better work habits, higher rates of homework completion, improved grades, and higher scores on achievement tests. They also have fewer absences and are less likely to blame. After-school programs also influence high-risk teen behaviors. Various studies show decreased rates of crime, drug use, and teen sex among youths who join in well-run after-school programs when compared to similar youths who do not. Besides, after-school programs play an important role in supporting the following fields of development, mental development and social development. They help youths grow into healthy and successful adults. Thus, one can safely say that after-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society. Although there is enough proof from both small and large assessments that after-school programs can make a positive difference, it is important to note that not all programs are equal. First dosage (时量) matters—young people who attend the most hours over the most years benefit more than members who attend less often or over a shorter period of time. Next, after-school programs make a bigger difference for those students who need help most and have the fewest choices. Finally, program qualities matter. After-school programs work best when they create unique opportunities for youths. They should provide opportunities for positive relationships, skill building, meaningful involvement (参与), expression, suggestion, services, and work. Staff characteristics make an important difference in the quality of a program. The adults should treat youths as partners, create safe and fair environment, encourage personalized (个性化的) involvement, and actively create learning opportunities. In short, although after-school programs have promising future, how they are designed and run matters.

填空题The Joy of Living Alone More and more Americans are living alone. Some live alone because of divorce or the death of a partner. (1) According to a recent US census (人口普查), 25 per cent of all households in the US are made up of just one person. This is a dramatic change from the extended families of just a couple of generations ago. The typical person living alone is neither old nor lonely. (2) The majority of these people have chosen to live alone. They are responding to decreasing social pressure to get married and have a family. It's now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one. Person household. (3) However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often. The number one reason given by most people for living alone is that they simply enjoy doing what they want when they want to do it. "Living alone is a luxury," says Nina Hagiwara, "Once you do it, you can't ever go back to living with others." David C' Debaca, agrees. (4) Children think that being grown up means being able to do exactly as they please. (5) .The chance to discover whether that freedom is as wonderful as it sounds is a chance more and more Americans are taking.A. There's more pressure to get married nowadays.B. The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C. However, even more people are living alone because they have chosen to.D. It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dreamE. In fact, a quarter of the 23 million single people in the US are under the age of 35.F. He says, "I like being by myself."

填空题American Dreams There is a common response to America among foreign writers: the U.S. is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliche(陈词滥调). In the land of black and white, people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world. But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone. 1 No class system or government stands in the way. Sadly, this old argument is no longer true. Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy. The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened. 2 Over the past 25 years the median U.S. family income has gone up 18 per cent. For the top 1 per cent, however, it has gone up 200 per cent. Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth. 3 Inequalities have grown worse in different regions. In California, incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969. 4 This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans. The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth. There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty. At 12.7 per cent of the population, it is the highest percentage in the developed world. Yet the tax burden on America"s rich is falling, not growing. 5 There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole. But clearly that theory has not worked in reality. A. Nobody is poor in the U.S. B. The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980. C. For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent. D. Now it is 9.8 times. E. As it does so, the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller. F. All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.

填空题 McGrady's art is a spectacle 1. When Tracy McGrady is healthy, his play can be so beautiful that even his own teammates on the court cannot help but admire it in the middle of a game. 2. "It's hard for me, because I'm a fan of basketball," Houston point guard Rafer Alston told the Houston Chronicle newspaper after McGrady's 44 point performance against Utah on January 5. "When he's shooting the ball like that, a lot of times I'm standing there watching and, all of a sudden, the other team's getting the ball and going on a fast break, and I'm getting yelled at by the coach." Indeed, McGrady's body control, his energy, his shooting-watching these are like watching an artist at work, blending colors, constructing sentences, or playing music. 3. Unfortunately, McGrady, 27, hasn't always been on the job. Already this season, he's missed seven games with back spasms. After Yao Ming was injured on Dec. 23, it appeared Houston would be without both of its stars. McGrady, however, returned three days later and has been playing well ever since, scoring more than 30 points in each of the last six games, as of Tuesday. Houston can't seem to get on without him. When McGrady was injured, the Rockets won two and lost five. 4. "Listen, there are only four or five people on the entire planet that can do the things he can do with the basketball," forward Shane Battier said of McGrady. "From a fan's perspective and we're fans even though we're players it's really fun to watch him do that." From a player's perspective, his game can affect the entire team. No question. We see him, and we get excited, and that pumps us up. He keeps making shots, and suddenly it seems to become easier for everybody. 5. But it won't, really. Houston has just begun an important stretch on their schedule. Four of the next seven games will be played away from Houston and without Yao. Six of the games will be against teams with winning records. Opponents will double-team McGrady in an attempt to dull the impact of his art. Instead of watching, McGrady's teammates will need to create a little art of their own. A. Necessity for the Teammates to Improve Their Own Skills B. Evaluation from Two Different Perspectives C. Spectacular Performance on the Court D. Houston Players Can't Do Without McGrady E. Yao Ming's Performance F. McGrady's Injury

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择 5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}} Caribbean Islands{{/B}} What would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands? Palm trees and coconuts (椰子)? White beaches and clear, blue ocean? Colorful corals (珊瑚) and even more colorful fishes and birds? You bet. There are thousands of islands in the Caribbean Sea. They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty. The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}Many of the islands were formed by the eruption (爆发) of ancient volcanoes (火山). Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean. The Caribbean Islands are known by several names.{{U}} (47) {{/U}}The explorer Christopher Columbus called the islands the Indies in 1492 because he thought he was near the coast of India. Later, Spain and France called the islands the Antilles. There are four large islands in the Caribbean Sea.{{U}} (48) {{/U}}These four islands are often called the Greater Antilles. Together, they account for about 90 percent of the land area of the Caribbean islands. The rest of the Caribbean Islands are much smaller.{{U}} (49) {{/U}}You can see why pirates such as the famous Blackbeard sailed these waters. There are countless small islands to bury treasure or hide on. The weather of the Caribbean Sea is almost always warm and sunny. Sandy beaches line the coasts of many islands.{{U}} (50) {{/U}}Many tourists arrive on cruise ships.A. But life on the Caribbean Islands is not always paradise.B. The earliest name used by Europeans is the Indies, later changed to the West Indies.C. They're like a long necklace that stretches between North and South America.D. They are Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Hispaniola.E. This is why millions of tourists visit the islands each year.F. Some of these islands are no more than tiny slivers (小片) of exposed coral.

填空题A．by keeping its original shape and colorB．in the life of cut flowersC．to produce carbon dioxideD．for as long as possibleE. by controlling temperatureF. to replace the water and solution every day

填空题TV Will Better the World Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed, for many of the poorest regions (地区) of the world, it remains the next big thing—finally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better. Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995; by 2005 the number had climbed above 60%. That is some way behind the U.S., where there are more TVs than people, and where people now easily get access to the Internet. Five million more families in Sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In 2005, after the fall of the Taliban (塔利班), which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013—pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families. Television"s most powerful effect will be on the lives of women. In India, researchers Robert Jensen and Emily Oster found that when TVs reached villages, women were more likely to go to the market without their husbands" approval and less likely to want a boy rather than a girl. They were more likely to make decisions over child health care. TV is also a powerful medium for adult education. In the Indian state of Gujarat, Chitrageet is a popular show that plays Bollywood songs with words in Gujarati on the screen. Within six months, viewers had made a small but significant (有意义的) improvement in their reading skills. Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务： (1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题； (2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 {{B}} Ford{{/B}}1 Ford's great strength was the manufacturing process—not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891. Although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market.2 The company's assembly line alone threw America's Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转). Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford's friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Ford's Highland Park plant was humming (嗡嗡作响) along in 1914, the world's first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes.3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $5-a-day minimum wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for e 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the Workday. In. those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn't involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan "an economic crime", and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.4 But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Ford's dream to make the automobile accessible (可及的) to all. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didn't matter—except for making it possible for more people to buy cars.

填空题Smoke Gets in Your Mind 1. Lung cancer, hypertension, heart disease, birth defects—we are all too familiar with the dangers of smoking. But add to that list a frightening new concern. Mental illness. According to some controversial new findings, if smoking does not kill you, it may, quite literally, drive you to despair. 2. The tobacco industry openly pushes its product as something to lift your mood and soothe anxiety. But the short-term feel-good effect may mask the truth: that smoking may worsen or even trigger anxiety disorders, panic attacks and depression, perhaps even schizophrenia. 3. Cigarettes and mental illness have always tended to go together. An estimated 1.25 billion people smoke worldwide. Yet people who are depressed or anxious are twice as likely to smoke, and up to 88 per cent of those with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia smokers. A recent American survey concluded that around half of all cigarettes burn in the fingers of those with mental illness. 4. But the big question is why? The usual story is that the illness comes first. Mentally ill people take up smoking, or smoke more to alleviate some of their distress. Even when smoking seems to start before the illness, most doctors believe that early but invisible symptoms of the disorder spark the desire to light up. But perhaps something more sinister is going on. 5. A growing number of researchers claim that smoking is the cause, not the consequence of clinical depression and several forms of anxiety. "We know a lot about the effects of smoking on physical health, and now we are also starting to see the adverse effects in new research on mental illness," says Naomi Breslau, director of research at the Henry Ford Health Care System in Detroit. 6. Breslau was one of the first to consider this heretical possibility. The hint came from studies, published in 1998, which followed a group of just over 1,000 young adults for a five-year period. The 13 percent who began the study with major depression were around three times more likely to progress from being light smokers to daily smokers during the course of the study, though there was no evidence that depression increased the tendency to take up smoking. But a history of daily smoking before the study commenced roughly doubled the risk of developing major depression during the five-year period. Smoking, it seems, could predate illness. 7. At first Breslau concluded that whatever prompts people to smoke might also make them depressed. But as the results of other much larger studies began to back the statistical link, she became more convinced than ever that what she was seeing were signs that smoking, perhaps the nicotine itself, could somehow affect the brain and cause depression. 8. One of these larger studies was led by Goodman, a pediatrician. She followed the health of two groups of teenagers for a year. The first group of 8,704 adolescents were not depressed, and might or might not have been smokers, while the second group of 6,947 were highly depressed and had not been smokers in the past month. After a year her team found that although depressed teenagers were more likely to have become heavy smokers, previous experimentation with smoking was the strongest predictor of such behavior, not the depression itself. What is more important is that teenagers who started out mentally fit but smoked at least one packet per week during the study were four times more likely to develop depression than their non-smoking peers. Goodman says that depression does not seem to start before cigarette use among teens. "Current cigarette use is however, a powerful determinant of developing high depressive symptoms." 9. Breslau, too, finds that smokers are as much as four times more likely to have an isolated panic attack and three times more likely to develop longer-term panic disorder than non-smokers. It"s a hard message to get across, because many smokers say they become anxious when they quit, not when they smoke. But Breslau says that this is a short-lived effect of withdrawal which masks the reality that, in general, smokers have higher anxiety levels than non-smokers or ex-smokers.

填空题 Keeping Cut Flowers1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃. Keeping freshly. harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination (授粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), called respiration (呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and colour. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By. controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink" water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and 'smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.

填空题It will help you to understand the article if you ______.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字。请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}}The problem over apyright protection{{/B}} The US Supreme Court has just stepped into a public debate about the relationship between property and creativity in the information age. The Court's decision to hear an obscure copyright case looks certain to fuel a debate that could have lasting implications for the publishing and entertainment industries and for individuals ranging from artists to scientists. {{U}}(46) {{/U}}. The case in question tests the constitutionality of what opponents call the "Mickey Mouse Protection Act", the 1998 copyright extension law that saved Disney's cartoon character from imminent death, in copyright terms. {{U}}(47) {{/U}}. Beyond the semantics lies a much more important public debate about the nature of property on the internet. In a world where the theft of copyrighted property has been rendered effortless by technology, how can creators be rewarded without stifling the flow of ideas necessary to feed future creation? {{U}}(48) {{/U}}. The issue was forced to the justices' attention by a group of academics campaigning to defend the "public domain". James Boyle, an intellectual property theorist and Duke University professor, paints this domain as a kind of creative common land where we all graze of intellectuals and scientists (and computer geeks) at Duke, hoping to launch a movement to protect domain. {{U}}(49) {{/U}}. The case now before the court is art of the anti-enclosure campaign. {{U}}(50) {{/U}}. A. It was the brainchild of Lawrence Lessig, legal theorist of the internet, who argues that the essence of the internet is the freedom to innovate. B. How can society balance private and public rights in ideas? C. He argues that the inexorable advance of intellectual property law in recent years constitutes a "second enclosure movement" to parallel the 18th century enclosure of English common lands. D. Its examination of the limits of intellectual property will elevate to national prominence, a debate previously limited to academics, intellectuals and the occasional computer geek. E. The case is to put the copyright law into question. F. The justices must decide whether the LIS Congress exceeded its authority when it used that law to extend copyright protection by twenty years.

填空题The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health. Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases. In fact, many people who smoke get lung cancer. However, Edward Gilson has lung cancer, and he has never smoked cigarettes. He lives with his wife Evelyn, who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage, (46) No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer. Nevertheless, doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people's cigarettes. (47) The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 23,000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke. The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists dod not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker's health. (48) They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic (有毒的) chemicals in their bodies. As a matter of fact, almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times, whether we realize it or not. For example, we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants, hotels and other public places. Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas, smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted. It is even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke. (49) Research shows that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers. The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke. People are becoming very aware of the dangers of secondhand smoke. (50) A．Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B．The Gilsons have been married for 85 years.C．This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D．However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people, old or young. E As a result, they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places. F In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.

填空题 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 {{B}} How Did She Conquer the Americans?{{/B}} African-American talk show queen Oprah Winfrey is the world's most powerful celebrity, according to Forbes magazine.{{U}} (46) {{/U}} Winfrey, 51, draws 30 million viewers weekly in the United States. Her talk show reaches 112 countries. She earned US$225 million over the past 12 months to rank second in celebrity riches. The annual Forbes list gives most weight to annual earnings.{{U}} (47) {{/U}} "After 21 years, her exciting chat show still rules the airwaves. It created new celebrities and hundreds of millions of dollars in profits," the magazine said. Winfrey is most popular with her popular talk show "The Oprah Winfrey Show". She can always attract the superstars and let them open up to her intimate interviewing style. Last month, American actor Tom Cruise, 42, surprised fans when he celebrated his new romance with 26-year-old actress Katie Holmes. He jumped up and down, shouting "I’m in love." Only a few years ago, Cruise and his ex-wife Nicole Kidman appeared separately on the same show telling the news of their divorce.{{U}} (48) {{/U}} Winfrey's approach appears to be simple. She is in pursuit of self-improvement and self-empowerment (自强). This has proved to be just what people, especially women, want. Winfrey often talks about her personal secrets on her show. That pulls in viewers. For example, she revealed that she had been sexually abused as a child, and has spoken freely of her struggle with her weight. Winfrey was born to a poor family in Mississippi in 1954.{{U}} (49) {{/U}}At the age of 19, she became the youngest person and the first African-American woman to anchor (主持) a news programme. Her success has not just been on the screen. Her media group includes a women's TV network and websites for women. Winfrey's work has extended to social change.{{U}} (50) {{/U}} She testified before the US Senate to establish a national database of dangerous child abusers. President Bill Clinton later signed "Oprah Bill" into law.A. But it also looks at the celebrity's presence on the Internet and in the media.B. In 1991, she did a lot of work for the National Child Protection Act.C. She was not a very successful woman.D. She began broadcasting while still at high school.E. It placed Winfrey at the top of its annual ranking of the 100 people last week.F. The couple had been tight-lipped about their break-up.

填空题British people have the habit of reading newspapers in the ______.