单选题Eleanor Roosevelt urged legislation to assist the poor and oppressed.

单选题Canada does not have a state religion, and the separation of church and" state has been firmly upheld. A．officially B．formally C．easily D．solidly

单选题Something Men Do Not Like to Do Eric Brown hates shopping. "It"s just not enjoyable to me," said the 28-year-old Chicago man who was carrying several shopping bags along the city"s main street, Michigan Avenue. "When I"m out 1 , I basically know what I want to get. I rush in. I buy it. I 2 ." Common wisdom says that guys hate to shop. You can ask generations of men. But people who study shopping say that a number of social, cultural and economic factors are now 3 this "men-hate-to-shop" notion. " 4 social class and age, men say they hate to shop," says Sharon Zukin, a City University of New York sociology professor. "Yet when you ask them deeper questions, it turns out that they 5 to shop. Men generally like to shop for 6 , music and hardware (硬件). But if you ask them about the shopping they do for books or music, they"ll say, "Well, that"s not shopping. That"s 7 ."" In other words, what men and women call "buying things" and how they approach that task are 8 . Women will 9 through several 1,000-square-metre stores in search of the perfect party dress. Men will wander through 100 Internet sites in search of the 10 digital camcorder (摄像放像机). Women see shopping as a social event. Men see it as a mission or a 11 to be won. "Men are frequently shopping to win," says Mary Ann McGrath, a marketing professor at Loyola University of Chicago. "They want to get the best deal. They want to get the best one, the last one and if they do that it 12 them happy." When women shop, "they"re doing it in a way where they want 13 to be very happy," says McGrath. "They"re kind of shopping for love." In fact, it is in clothing where we see a male-female 14 most clearly. Why, complain some men, are all male clothes navy, black or brown? But would they wear light green and pink (粉红色的)? These days, many guys wear a sort of "uniform", says Paco Underhill, author of "Why We Buy It"s been hard for them to understand what it means to be fashion-conscious (时尚意识) in a business way. It becomes much, much easier 15 you narrow your range of choices."

单选题Generation Gap A few years ago, it was fashionable to speak of a generation gap, a division between young people and their elders. Parents complained that children did not show them proper respect and obedience, while children complained that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong? Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared? Actually, the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many critics argue that it is built into the fabric of our society. One important cause of the generation gap is the opportunity that young people have to choose their own life styles. In more traditional societies, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and approve of, and often to continue the family occupation. In our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, most out of the family home at an early age, marry or live or choose occupations different from those of their parents. In our upwardly mobile society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did: to find better jobs, to make more money, and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often, however, the ambitions that parents have for their children are another cause of the division between them. Often they discover that they have very little in common with each other. Finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture, elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become obsolete overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities. No doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feature of American life for some time to come. Its causes are rooted in the freedoms and opportunities of our society, and in the rapid pace at which society changes.

单选题 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文，并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}Tipping{{/B}} Everybody loathes it, but everybody does it. A recent poll showed that 40% of Americans hate the practice. It seems so arbitrary, after all. Why does a barman get a tip, but not a doctor who saved lives? In America alone, tipping is now a $16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. Tips should not exist. So why do they? The conventional wisdom is that tips both reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality. The better the service, the bigger the tip. Such explanations no doubt explain the purported origin of tipping—in the 16th century, boxes in English taverns carried the phrase "To Insurance Promptitude" (later just "TIP"). But according to new research from Cornell University, tipping no longer serves any useful function. The paper analyses data from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The correlation between larger tips and better service was very weak: only a tiny part of the variability in the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service. Customers who rated a meal as "excellent" still tipped anywhere between 8% and 37% of the meal price. Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom has become institutionalized: it is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In a New York restaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers can expect to get 15-20%, the man who delivers your groceries $2. In Europe, tipping is less common; in many restaurants, discretionary tipping is being replaced by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. How to account for these national differences? Look no further than psychology. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell paper's co-author, countries in which people are more extrovert, sociable or neurotic tend to tip more. Tipping relieves anxiety about being served by strangers. And, says Mr. Lynn, "in America, where people are outgoing and expressive, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off." Icelanders, by contrast, do not usually tip a measure of their introversion, no doubt. While such explanations may be crude, the hard truth seems to be that tipping does not work. It does not benefit the customer. Nor, in the case of restaurants, does it actually incentivise the waiter, or help the restaurant manager to monitor and assess his staff. Service people should "just be paid a decent wage" may actually make economic sense.

单选题Their parents once lived under very {{U}}severe{{/U}} conditions、

单选题The Adjustment in Understanding of Man"s Relation to the Physical Universe Nowadays the scattering of galaxies and the astounding abundance of stars are forcing those who ponder such matters to a further adjustment of their concept of the place and function of man in the material universe. In the history of the 1 human mind, with its increasing knowledge of the surrounding context, there must have been a time when the philosophers of the 2 tribes began to realize that the world was not simply centered on man himself. The geocentric concept, which accepted a universe centered on the earth, then became common 3 . The second adjustment in the understanding of man"s relation to the physical universe was not generally acceptable 4 the sixteenth century. Copernican revolution soundly 5 the heliocentric concept the theory of a universe 6 on the sun. Man is a stubborn adherent to official dogma; eventually, however, he accepted the sun as the center. Then, forty years ago, came the need for a third adjustment. This 7 has deeply exploded man"s pride and 8 , for it has carried with it the knowledge of the appalling number of galaxies. The galactocentric universe 9 puts the earth and its life near the edge of one great galaxy in a universe of millions of galaxies. Man becomes peripheral among the billions of stars of his own Milky Way; and, according to the revelations of paleontology and geochemistry, he is 10 and apparently transient in the 11 of cosmic time. The downgrading of the earth and sun and the elevation of the galaxies is not the end of this 12 of scientific pilgrims through philosophic fields. The need for another 13 adjustment now 14 not wholly unexpected by scientists, 15 wholly the result of one or two scientific revelations. Our new problem concerns the spread of life throughout the universe. As unsolicited spokesmen for all the earthly organisms of land, sea and air, we ask the thrilling question: Are we alone?

单选题 American Sports The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms. organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game. Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket. Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some o~ the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur. Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly. Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horseracing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do "not assemble” primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.

单选题In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.

单选题Tom searched his pockets looking for the keys.

单选题Hundreds of years ago cloves were used to {{U}}remedy{{/U}} headaches. A. disrupt B. diagnose C. evaporate D. cure

单选题It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are eligible to free medical care.

单选题We can infer from this passage that__________.

单选题The Titanic had sixteen lifeboats, and four collapsible boats which could carry just over half the number of people on board her maiden voyage and only a third of the Titanic's total capacity. Regulations for the number of lifeboats required were based on outdated British Board of Trade regulations written in 1894 for ships a quarter of the Titanic's size. and had never been revised. Under these requirements, the Titanic was only obliged to carry enough lifeboats to seat 962 people. At design meetings in 1910 ,the shipyard's managing director had proposed that forty eight lifeboats be installed on the Titanic, but the idea had been quickly rejected as too expensive. Discussion then turned to the ship's decor, and as the director later described the incident, "We spent two hours discussing carpet for the first Class cabin and fifteen minutes discussing lifeboats". What did the director mean by saying" We spent two hours discussing carpet for the first class cabin and fifteen minutes discussing lifeboats"?A. Carpet for the first class cabin was a very important issue in the design of Titanic.B. Not enough attention had been paid to safety in the designing of Titanic.C. The designers had no idea of the dangers Titanic would be exposed to.D. The designers were careful with the design of' Titani

单选题The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. A. question B. problem C. title D. topic

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} "Salty" Rice Plant Boosts Harvests British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more. Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University's School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty. The pair has recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice. It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind. Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive. To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little slat and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants' growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use. Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.

单选题Who is the head of this delegation? ______

单选题I wrote him a letter to show my appreciation of his thoughtfulness.

单选题Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence Nearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of an intimate partner during their lifetimes according to one of the few studies to look 1 domestic violence and health among men. "Many men actually do experience domestic violence, although we don"t hear about it 2 ," Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle, one of the study"s authors, told Reuters Health. "They often don"t tell 3 we don"t ask. We want to get the message out to men who 4 experience domestic violence that they are not alone and there are resources available to 5 ". The researchers asked study participants about physical abuse and non-physical 6 , such as threats that made them 7 for their safety, controlling behavior (for example, being told who they could associate with and where they could go) , and constant name-calling. Among men 18 to 54 years old, 14.2 percent said they had experienced intimate partner 8 in the past five years, while 6.1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year. Rates were lower for men 55 and 9 , with 5.3 percent reporting violence in the past five years and 2.4 percent having experienced it in the past 12 months. Overall, 30.5 percent of men younger than 55 and 26.5 percent of older men said they had been victims of 10 violence at some point in their lives. About haft of the violence the men 11 was physical. However, the physical violence men reported wasn"t as 12 suffered by women in a previous study; 20 percent to 40 percent of the men rated it as severe, compared to 61 percent of 13 . Men who reported experiencing domestic violence had more emotional and mental health problems 14 those who had not, especially older men, the 15 found.

单选题The National Park Service America's national parks are like old friends. You may not seethem for years at a time, but just knowing they're out there makes you feelbetter. Hearing the names of these famous old friends-Yosemite, Yellowstone,Grand Canyon - revives memories ofvisits past and promotes dreams of those still to come. From Acadia to Zion, 369 national parks are part of a continuallyevolving system. Ancient fossil beds, Revolutionary War battlefields,magnificent mountain ranges, and monuments to heroic men and women who moldedthis country are all a part of our National Park System (NPS). The care and preservationfor future generations of these special places is entrusted to the NationalPark Service. Uniformed Rangers, the most visible representatives of theService, not only offer park visitors a friendly wave, a helpful answer, or athought-provoking history lesson, but also are skilled rescuers, firefighters,and dedicated resource protection professionals. The National Park Service ranksalso include architects, historians, archaeologists, biologists, and a host ofother experts who preserve and protect everything from George Washington'steeth to Thomas Edison's wax recordings. Modern society has brought the National Park Service both massivechalienges and enormous opportunities. Satellite and computer technologies areexpanding the educational possibilities of a national park beyond it's physicalboundaries. Cities struggling to revive their urban cores are turning to the ParkService for expert assistance to preserve their cultural heritage, createpocket parks and green spaces, and re-energize local economies. Growingcommunities thirsty for recreational outlets are also working with the NPS toturn abandoned railroad tracks into bike and biking trails, as well as giving unusedfederal property new life as recreation centers. To help meet these challenges and take advantage of theseopportunities, the National Park Service has formed partnerships - some datingback 100 years, some only months old -with other agencies, state and local governments, corporations, American Indiantribes and Alaska Natives, Park Friends groups, cooperating associations,private organizations, community groups and individuals who share the NationalPark ethic. National Park Week 1996 is a celebration of these partnerships.