单选题Why is the Native Language Learnt So Well How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference? Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, fight use of words and fight structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation. Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the fight kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled. Finally, though a child's "teachers" may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.

单选题Cement was seldom used in building during the Middle Ages.

单选题They had only a vague idea where the place was.

单选题Your help is necessary for the success of the project.

单选题Three hours later he confessed that he had been involved in the attack. A. reported B. rejected C, admitted D. mentioned

单选题In 1976, a terrible earthquake killed countless people in China. People fear an earth quake will {{U}}take place again{{/U}}.

单选题Dorm Food More Comfy Once upon a time, eating in an American college dorm meant soup in a hotpot or getting pizza delivered. The most interesting thing about the campus dining hall was often the salad bar. No more. These days, US college students have refined tastes and a growing interest in preparing their own food. Mini-refrigerators and microwaves in dorm rooms are as essential as laptops. "The cooking awareness of college students is increasing," said Tom Post, president of campus dining for Sodexo, a major food service company. "Students today grew up watching celebrity chefs on TV, eating organic food and valuing good nutrition." In response, cafeteria menus have changed. Sodexo"s top campus foods for 2009 include Vietnamese noodle soup, goat cheese salad, and Mexican chicken. But colleges are also catering to student demands for more flexible and personalized dining options. Chartwells, the company that prepares food for dining halls at Ohio Wesleyan University in the state of Ohio, offers microwaveable meals that students can take away, as well as a program where students can have food individually prepared. Or they can even do their own cooking. This fall, Sarah Lawrence College in New York will offer students on its meal plan a chance to pick up groceries in the cafeteria as an alternative to a cooked meal. "Students want things that are easy to make, things that don"t take long and will still taste good," said Rachel Holcomb, a University of Massachusetts-Amherst student who updated recipes for the new edition of The Healthy College Cookbook. Angelo Berti, a chef at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, teaches cooking in dorm kitchens. But Berti says he"s not just teaching recipes. He"s encouraging students to use dining together as a way to socialize and as a means of self-expression. "The meal is your canvas," Berti said. "You paint what you want." That"s why at the College of William & Mary in Virginia, students produce a cooking show filmed in a dorm called "Everyday Gourmet". One episode was "Date Night Cooking: A 3-Course meal for under $20", featuring grilled chicken stuffed with goat cheese and basil.

单选题If wool is put into hot water, it tends to shrink .

单选题Put some effort into your workA. effectB. forceC. strengthD. energy

单选题They got in quite a brawl .

单选题The sensation of a "lump in one's throat " arises from an increased flow of blood into the tissues of the pharynx and larynx.

单选题If we can {{U}}overcome{{/U}} our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.

单选题"I"m not meddling," Mary said mildly . "I"m just curious."

单选题The new technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increased issue volume , a wider range of publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.

单选题The Science of Persuasion If leadership consists of getting things done through others, then persuasion is one of the leader's essential tools. Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic (有魅力的) and the eloquent. Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied. The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So it's worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise. Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them. It's sound policy to do a favor before seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to (服从) experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that it's self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when it's scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than widely available data.

单选题Because poultry is as {{U}}nutritious{{/U}} as beef and lower in fat, many people are beginning to include more chicken in the diets.

单选题Picture-taking Picture-taking is a technique both for reflecting the objective world and for expressing the singular self. Photographs depict objective realities that already exist, though only the camera can disclose them. And they depict an individual photographer"s temperament, discovering itself through the camera"s cropping of reality. That is, photography has two directly opposite ideals, in the first, photography is about the world and the photographer is a mere observer who counts for little; but in the second, photography is the instrument of fearlessness, questing subjectivity and the photographer is all. These conflicting ideals arise from uneasiness on the part of both photographers and viewers of photographs toward the aggressive component in "taking" a picture. Accordingly, the ideal of a photographer as observer is attracting because it implicitly denies that picture-taking is an aggressive act. The issue, of course, is not so clear-cut. What photographers do cannot be characterized as simply predatory or as simply, and essentially, benevolent. As a consequence, one ideal of picture-taking or the other is always being rediscovered and championed. An important result of the coexistence of these two ideals is a recurrent ambivalence toward photography"s means. Whatever are the claims that photography might make to be a form of personal expression just like painting, its originality is closely linked to the power of a machine. The steady growth of these powers has made possible the extraordinary informativeness and imaginative formal beauty of many photographs, like Harold Edgerton"s high-speed photographs of a bullet hitting its target or of the swirls and eddies of a tennis stroke. But as cameras become more sophisticated, more automated, some photographers are tempted to disarm themselves or to suggest that they are not really armed, preferring to submit themselves to the limit imposed by pre-modern camera technology because a cruder, less high-powered machine is thought to give more interesting or emotive results, to leave more room for creative accident. For example, it has been virtually a point of honor for many photographers, including Walker Evans and Cartier Bres-son, to refuse to use modern equipment. These photographers have come to doubt the value of the camera as an instrument of "fast seeing". Cartier Bres-son, in fact, claims that the modern camera may see too fast. This ambivalence toward photographic means determines trends in taste. The cult of the future (of faster and faster seeing) alternates over time with the wish to return to a purer past when images had a handmade quality. This longing for some primitive state of the photographic enterprise is currently widespread and underlies the present-day enthusiasm for daguerreotypes and the work of forgotten nineteenth-century provincial photographers. Photographers and viewers of photographs, it seems, need periodically to resist their own knowingness.

单选题The Greatest Mystery of Whales The whale is a mammal(哺乳动物) warm-blooded, air-breathing, giving birth to its young alive, sucking them—and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many signs of this. (51) front flippers (鳍肢), used for steering and stability, are traces of feet. Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale's pulling (52) has been estimated at 400 horsepower. One specimen was reported to have (53) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the (54) of eight knots. An enraged whale will attack a ship. A famous (55) of this was the fate of whaler Essex, which was sunk (56) the coast of South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have had their plates buckled (扭曲变形) in the same way. Sperm whales were known to (57) the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them. The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale can (58) the bottom for his favorite food, the octopus (章鱼). (59) that search he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the pressure is 1,400 pounds, to the square inch. Doing (60) he will remain submerged (水下的) as long as one hour. Two feats (绝技) are involved in this: storing up enough (61) (all whales are air-breathed) and withstanding the great change in pressure. Just (62) he does it scientists have not determined. It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And (63) is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But (64) you can't bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one (65) just how these things work.

单选题下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}} New York - the Melting Pot{{/B}} Recently the Department of Planning of New York issued a report which laid bare a full scale of change of the city. In 1970, 18 percent of the city's population was foreign-born. By 1995, the figure had risen to 33 percent, and another 20 percent were the US-born off springs of immigrants3. So immigrants and their children now form a majority of the city's population. Who are these New Yorkers? Why do they come here? Where are they from? (OK, time to drop the "they". I'm one of them.) The last question at least is easy to answer: we come from everywhere. In the list of the top 20 source nations of those sending immigrants to New York between 1990 and 1994 are six countries in Asia, five in the Caribbean, four in Latin America, three in Europe, plus Israel and the former Soviet Union. And when we immigrants get here we roll up our sleeves. "If you're not ready to work when you get to New York," says a friend of mine, "you'd better hit the road." The mayor of New York once said, "Immigration continues to shape the unique character and drive the economic engine of New York City. "He believes that immigrants are at the heart of what makes New York great. In Europe, by contrast, it is much more common to hear politicians worry about the loss of "unity" that immigration brings to their societies. In the quarter century since 1970, the United States admitted about 12.5 million legal immigrants, and has absorbed them into its social structures with an ease beyond the imagination of other nations. Since these immigrants are purposeful and hard-working, they will help America to make a fresh start in the next century.

单选题It is {{U}}self-evident{{/U}} that he will win the game.