单选题 第一篇 The New Technology Application On a more mundane level, third-generation mobile telephones, despite all the delays and the billions squandered on 3G licenses by telecom firms, are still expected to offer consumers high-speed, always on mobile internet access, complete with video, in the next few years. Rapidly proliferating "WiFi" networks already offer wireless access on a local basis. Tiny tracking chips called radio-frequency identification devices are being used as pet passports. Soon they will be small, powerful and cheap enough to be implanted into everything form humans to milkcartons recording and transmitting real-time medical data, or serving as a form of inventory control. Sensors of every kind, including video cameras, should also become much smaller and cheaper. Forrester Research, a technology consultancy, predicts that 14 billion such devices will be connected to the internet by 2005. How rapidly such new technology is introduced will depend on a number of factors the state of the economy, the supply of investment capital and the appetite of consumers for new products or services! Fortunes will be made and lost many times over. But whatever happens, the power of computing and communications look set to continue to grow, and its price to fall, at a steady rate for the next few decades. That will make it possible, at least in rich countries, to record most human interactions, wherever and whenever they take place, and to store and analyze this ocean of data at low cost. For the sake of argument, this survey will assume that we are heading towards a networked society of ubiquitous, mobile communication capable of constant monitoring. Whether this arrives in 20, 30 or 4o years does not really matter. The point is that the destination seems not merely possible, but probable, so it is not too soon to ask: What do we want this technology to do? The internet has already thrown up a host of legal and political conundrums, but, these are only a small foretaste of the dilemmas about privacy, security, intellectual property and the nature of government itself that will have to be faced over the coming decades. The debate has already begun. This survey will outline some of main issues, and speculate on the way they are likely to go.

单选题Steep stairs can present a particular {{U}}hazard{{/U}} to older people．

单选题下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} More Than a Ride to School The National Education Association claims, "The school bus is a mirror of the community. " They further add that, unfortunately, what appears on the exterior (外部) does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are tight, and sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson riding the school bus has been more than a tide to school for Liesl. Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesl's bus driver since kindergarten. Last year when Liesl's family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence, she requested to ride the same bus. This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year tiding the bus. She says, "It's been a great tide so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener. Sometimes when you're a child, adults do not think that what you have to say is important. Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important. " Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree. Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975．This year he will celebrate 30 .years working for Althouse Bus Transportation. Company President, Larry Althouse acknowledges Bruce Hardy's outstanding record. "Yon do not come by employees like Bruce these days; he has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record. Recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles, Hardy's reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus. " Althouse further added, "Althouse Bus Transportation was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since. My grandfather started the business with one bus. Althouse Bus Transportation is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come. " Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed. Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy, they have been building relationships through generations. Liesl's mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardy's bus to the Octorara School District.

单选题下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}} Eat Healthy{{/B}} "Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it's accompanied by an appeal: "Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!" Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying "clean the plate", perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow. According to news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little. Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand. Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this, too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR "reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large-portions. 70 percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $ 25,000 want smaller. It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy. It's just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.

单选题The Diminishing Scientific Leadership of the U.S. With the rapid globalization of science itself (more than 40 percent of scientific Ph.D. students trained in the United States are now foreign nationals, roughly half of whom return to their countries of origin), the once undisputed U.S. scientific lead, whether relevant to product lead or not, is diminishing. The competition of foreign students for positions in U.S. graduate schools has also contributed to making scientific training relatively unattractive to U.S. students, because the rapidly increasing supply of students has diminished the relative rewards of this career path. For the best and brightest from low-income countries. A position as a research assistant in the United States is attractive, whereas the best and brightest U.S. students might now see better options in other fields. Science and engineering careers, to the extent that they are opening up to foreign competition (whether imported or available through better communication), also seem to be becoming relatively less attractive to U.S. students. With respect to the role of universities in the innovation process the speculative boom of the 1990s (which, among other things, made it possible to convert scientific findings into cash rather quickly) was largely unexpected. The boom brought universities and their faculties into much closer contact with private markets as they tried to gain as much of the economic dividends from their discoveries as possible. For a while, the path between discoveries in basic science and new flows of hard cash was considerably shortened. But during the next few decades, this path will likely revert toward its more traditional length and reestablish, in a healthy way, the more traditional (and more independent) relationship between the basic research done at universities and those entities that translate ideas into products and services. In the intervening years, another new force also greatly facilitated globalization: the rapid growth of the Internet and cheap wide-bandwidth international communication. Today, complex design activities can take place in locations quire removed from manufacturing, other business functions and the consumer. Indeed, there is now ample opportunity for real-time communication between business functions that are quite independent of their specific locations. For example, software are development, with all its changes and complications, can to a considerable extent be done overseas for a U.S. customer. Foreign call centers can respond instantly to questions from thousands of miles away. The result is that low-wage workers in the Far East and in some other countries are coming into even more direct competition with a much wider spectrum of U.S. labor: unskilled in the case of call centers; more highly skilled in the case of programmers.

单选题I hope you have left none of your belongings in the hotel.

单选题Winners and Losers Why are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc (集团) and Sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long trading tradition, lately reinvigorated (给以新的活力) by the Chinese adoption of market economics. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years. In Africa, some countries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure (基础结构); Many countries have little to trade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years. In some regions, certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund. First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and all adequate method for collecting taxes. Encouraged by the IMF, the World Bank and the US Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsin"s regime privatized the state- owned industrial sector, creating a class of oligarchs (寡头政治集团成员), who knowing how unstable conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home. In contrast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formula. Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in taxes. Botswana and Uganda are also success stories: despite their disadvantages, their countries achieved vigorous growth by creating stable civil societies, liberalizing trade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.

单选题The industrial revolution {{U}}modified{{/U}} the whole structure of English society.

单选题We"re happy to report that business is booming this year.

单选题Most of the butterflies perish in the first frosts of autumn. A. die B. disappear C. migrate D. vanish

单选题Do you believe these two intimate friends used to be enemies?A. bearableB. internalC. closeD. believable

单选题That student is discourteous; he grumbles no matter how one tries to please him.

单选题Human Nose The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, (51) this is largely because, (52) animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are (53) to perceiving those smells which float through the air, (54) the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, (55) , we are extremely sensitive to smells, (56) we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of (57) human smells even when these are (58) to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, (59) others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate (60) smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send messages to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell (61) can suddenly become sensitive to it when exposed to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it (62) to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can create new receptors if necessary. This may (63) explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells--we simply do not need to be. We are not (64) of the usual smell of our own house, but we notice new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors (65) for unfamiliar and emergency signals such as the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.

单选题While we don't agree, we continue to be friends.A. WhoeverB. WhereC. AlthoughD. Whatever

单选题He put forward a plan for improving their working conditionsA. liftingB. convertingC. developingD. bettering

单选题{{U}}Brilliantly{{/U}} colored flowers attract insects.

单选题Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed

单选题Teaching Poetry No poem should ever be discussed or "analyzed", until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it. All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling "interpretation" of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting (背诵) it. I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than "analyzing" it, if there isn"t time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is "a criticism of life", and "a heightening (提升) of life". It is "an approach to the truth of feeling", and it "can save your life". It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies. I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don"t like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.

单选题Oil and Economy Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980,when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term. Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past. Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (inconstant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies-to which heavy industry has shifted--have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist" s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%.

单选题He have {{U}}made up his mind{{/U}} to give up smoking. A. tried B. attempted C. agreed D. decided