单选题Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives.

单选题Bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is undermining fundamental academic values, and that we must act now to halt this decline.

单选题Scientists {{U}}routinely{{/U}} deal with concepts such as uncertainty, probability, and hypothesis.

单选题An old friend called on me the day before yesterday. A. telephoned B. rang C. visited D. saw

单选题They voted to {{U}}abolish{{/U}} the office of second vice-president.

单选题Computer Mouse The basic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasting, drawing, and even scrolling on the page with the newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. We learn to point at things before we learn to speak, so the mouse is a very natural pointing device. Other computer pointing devices include light pens, graphics tablets and touch screens, but the mouse is still our workhorse. The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became more popular and arrow keys were used to move around a body of text, it became clear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse, with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983, really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks. How does the mouse work? We have to start at the bottom, so think upside down for now. It all starts with the mouse ball. As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad, it presses against and turns two shafts. The shafts are connected to wheels with several small holes in them. The wheels have a pair of small electronic light-emitting devices called light- emitting diodes (LED) mounted on either side. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin and a hole rotates by, the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side. But a moment later the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place. The LED detects a changing pattern of light, converts the pattern into an electronic signal, and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body. This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name. The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor on the computer screen. So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used. One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts.

单选题Atlas was the giant who held up the sky.

单选题The Influence of Western Movie Why does the Western movie especially have such a hold (影响) on our inclination? Chiefly, because it offers serious insights into the problem of violence such as can be found almost nowhere else in our culture. One of the well-known peculiarities of modem civilized opinion is its refusal to acknowledge the value of violence. This refusal is a virtue, but like many virtues it involves a certain deliberate blindness and it encourages hypocrisy (虚伪). We train ourselves to be shocked or bored by cultural images of violence, and our very concept of heroism tends to be a passive one. We are less drawn to the brave young men who kill large numbers of our enemies than to the heroic prisoners who endure torture without surrendering. And in the criticism of popular culture, the presence of images of violence is often assumed to be in itself a sufficient ground for condemnation. These attitudes, however, have not reduced the element of violence in our culture but have helped to free it from morn control by letting it take on the air of "liberation". The celebration of acts of violence is left more and more to the irresponsible. The gangster (匪徒) movie, with its numerous variations belongs to a cultural "underground" which praises violence aid sets it against all our higher social attitudes. It is a more "modern" style than the Western movie, perhaps even more profound, because it confronts industrial society on its own ground-the city and because, like much of our advanced art, it gains its effects by a coarse insistence on its own narrow logic. But it is anti-social resting on fantasies of irresponsible freedom. If we are brought finally to concede to the denial of these fantasies, it is only because they have been shown to be dangerous, not because they have given way to higher values of behavior. In war movies, certainly, it is possible to present violence within a framework of responsibility. But there is the disadvantage that modern war is a co-operative enterprise in which violence is largely impersonal and heroism belongs to the group more than to the individual. The hero of a war movie is most often simply a leader supposed to be brave; you are supposed to get the job done and stay alive (this too, of course, is a kind of heroic posture, but a new and "practical" one). At its best, the war movie may represent a more civilized point of view than the Western, and if it were not continually spoiled by ideological sentimentality we might hope to find it developing into a higher form of drama. But it cannot supply the values we seek in the Western.

单选题A Powerful Influence There can be no doubt at all that the Internet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the Internet, hardly 1 doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are 2 to find out why the Internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can be 3 for their children. Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time 4 their computers? Obviously, if children are bent over their computers for hours, absorbed 5 some game, instead of doing their homework, then something is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child should 6 use of the Internet, and the child should give his or her 7 that it won"t interfere with homework. If the child is not 8 to this arrangement, the parent can take more drastic 9 dealing with a child"s use of the Internet is not much different from 10 any other soft of bargain about behaviour. Any parent who is 11 alarmed about a child"s behaviour should make an appointment to 12 the matter with a teacher. Spending time in front of the screen does not necessarily 13 a child"s performance at school. Even if a child is 14 crazy about using the Internet, he or she is probably just 15 through a phase, and in a few months there will be something else to worry about!

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}} Ford's Assembly Line{{/B}} When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars—one, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses (屠宰场). Back in the early 1900%, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a "disassembly line". Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells what happened: "The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assembly team averaged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person." Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford went all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed (拖，拉) past workers who completed them' one piece at a time. It wasn't long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers over the world copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of the Automobile has arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation (自动化), everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.

单选题Moderate Earthquake Strikes England! A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County. One women suffered minor head and neck injuries. "It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride," said the woman. The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake struck at 8 ~ 19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel, about 8.5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel. Witnesses said cracks appeared in wails and chimneys collapsed across the county. Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds. "I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me. " Said Hendrick van Eck, 27, of Canterbury about 60 miles southeast of London. "I then heard the sound of cracking, and it was getting heavier and heavier. It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down. " There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year, but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham. The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931 ,measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain, including one in 1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France. Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England. However. people should not be scared too much by this prediction, Musson said, as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours before it takes place. This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.

单选题All African countries followed the IMF formula.

单选题A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.A. tacticallyB. considerablyC. remarkablyD. completely

单选题The wild animals are {{U}}enclosed{{/U}} in small cages in the zoo.

单选题A crowd gathered to see what had happened. A. collected B. fixed C. divided D. assist

单选题The committee comprises five persons.A. absorbsB. concernsC. excludesD. involves

单选题Basic Research Vs. Applied Research Why does the Foundation concentrate its support on basic rather than applied research? Basic research is the very heart of science, and its cumulative product is the capital of scientific progress, a capital that must be constantly increased as the demands upon its rise. The goal of basic research is understanding for its own sake. Understanding of the structure of the atom or the nerve cell, the explosion of a spiral nebula (螺旋星) or the distribution of cosmic dust, the causes of earthquakes and droughts, or of man as a behaving creature and of the social forces that are created whenever two of more human beings come into contact with one another—the scope is staggering, but the commitment to truth is the same. If the commitment were to a particular result, conflicting evidence might be overlooked or, with the best will in the world, simply not appreciated. Moreover, the practical applications of basic research frequently cannot be anticipated. When Roentgen, the physicist, discovered X-rays, he had no idea of their usefulness to medicine. Applied research, undertaken to solve specific practical problems, has an immediate attractiveness because the results can be seen and enjoyed. For practical reasons, the sums spent on applied research in any country always far exceed those for basic research, and the proportions are more unequal in the less developed countries. Leaving aside the funds devoted to research by industry—which is naturally far more concerned with applied aspects because these profits quickly—the funds the U.S. Government allots to basic research currently amount to about seven percent of its overall research and developments funds. Unless adequate safeguards are provided, applied research invariably tends to drive out basic. Then, so Dr. Waterman has pointed out, development will inevitably be undertaken prematurely(过早的), career incentives will gravitate strongly toward applied science, and the opportunities for making major scientific discoveries will be lost. Unfortunately, pressures to emphasize new developments, without corresponding emphasis upon pure science. Tend to degrade the quality of the nation's technology in the long run, rather than to improve it.

单选题 Teaching and Learning Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}an examination. The ideal student is {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one interested only in getting high {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Sometimes homework is returned with brief written {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}for learning the material assigned. When research is {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}how a university library works; they expect students to exhaust the {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}resources in the library. Professors will help students who need it, {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}prefer that their students should not be too {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}on them. In the United States professors have many other {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}besides teaching, such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}a student outside of class is limited. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}a professor during office hours or make an appointment.

单选题This law becomes operative immediately.

单选题I"ll draft a letter for you. ______