单选题The poet William Carlos Williams was a New Jersey physician.A. doctorB. professorC. teacherD. student

单选题Problems of Internet The proportion of works cut for the cinema in Britain dropped from 40 per cent when I joined the BBFC in 1975 to less than 4 per cent when I left. But I don"t think that 20 years from now it will be possible to regulate any medium as closely as I regulated film. The Internet is, of course, the greatest problem for this century. The world will have to find a means, through some sort of international treaty of United Nations initiative, to control the material that"s now going totally unregulated into people"s homes. That said, it will only take one little country like Paraguay to refuse to sign a treaty for transmission to be unstoppable. Parental control is never going to be sufficient. I"m still very worried about the impact of violent video games, even though researchers say their impact is moderated by the fact that players don"t so much experience the game as enjoy the technical manoeuvres (策略) that enable you to win. But in respect of violence in mainstream films, I"m more optimistic. Quite suddenly, tastes have changed, and it"s no longer Stallone or Schwarzenegger who are the top stars, but Leonardo DiCaprio—that has taken everybody by surprise. Go through the most successful films in Europe and America now and you wilt find virtually none that we are violent. Quentin Tarantino didn"t usher in a new, violent generation, and films are becoming much more prosocial than one would have expected. Cinemagoing will undoubtedly survive. The new multiplexes are a glorious experience, offering perfect sound and picture and very comfortable seats, thins which had died out in the 1980s. I can"t believe we"ve achieved that only to throw it away in favor of huddling around a 14-inch computer monitor to watch digitally-delivered movies at home. It will become increasingly cheap to make films, with cameras becoming smaller and lighter but remaining very precise. That means greater chances for new talent to emerge, as it will be much easier for people to learn how to be better film-makers. People"s working lives will be shorter in the future, and once retired they will spend a lot of time learning to do things that amuse them—like making videos. Fifty years on we could well be media-saturated as producers as well as audience; instead of writing letters, one will send little home movies entitled My Week.

单选题His claims seem credible to many people.

单选题The first word "He" in paragraph 6 refers to

单选题A Country's Standard of Living The“standard of living”of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services the country produces．A country's standard of living，therefore， (51) first on its capacity to produce wealth．“Wealth”in this (52) is not money，for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy：“goods”such as food and clothing，and“services”such as transport and entertainment． A country's capacity to (53) wealth depends upon many factors，most of (54) have an effect on one another．Wealth depends (55) a great extent upon a country's natural resources．Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals，and have fertile(肥沃的)soil and a favorable climate；other regions (56) none of them． Next to natural resources comes the ability to (57) them to use．China is perhaps as rich as the USA in natural resources，but suffered for many years (58) civil and external wars，and for this and other (59) was unable to develop her resources．Sound and stable political conditions，and (60) from foreign invasions，enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily，and to produce more (61) than another country equally welt favored by nature but less well ordered． A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and (62) within its own borders，but also upon what is directly produced through international trade．For example，Britain's wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural (63) would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home．Trade makes it possible for her surplus(剩余的) manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products (64) would otherwise be lacking．A country's wealth is，therefore，much influenced by its manufacturing capacity， (65) that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures．

单选题As the old gentleman walked along the avenue, all the children {{U}}saluted{{/U}} him.

单选题This table is strong and {{U}}durable{{/U}}.

单选题Japan will reject Blair's proposal to increase aid to Africa

单选题Sleepless at Night It was a normal summer night. Humidity (湿气 hung in the thick air. I couldn't go to sleep, partly because of my cold and partly because of my expectations for the next day. My mum had said that tomorrow was going to be a surprise. Sweat stuck to my aching body. Finally, I gathered enough strength to sit up. I looked out of my small window into the night. There was a big bright moon hanging in the sky, giving off a magic glow. I couldn't stand the pressure anymore, so I did what I always do to make myself feel better. I went to the bathroom and picked up my toothbrush and toothpaste. I cleaned my teeth as if there was no tomorrow. Back and forth, up and down. Then I walked downstairs to look for some signs of movement, some life. Gladiator, my cat, frightened me as he meowed (喵喵地唱出) his sad song. He was on the old orange couch (长沙发), sitting up on his front legs, waiting for something to happen. He looked at me as if to say, "I'm lonely, pet me. I need a good hug (紧抱)." Even the couch begged me to sit on it. In one movement I settled down onto the soft couch. This couch represented my parents' marriage, my birth, and hundreds of other little events. As I held Gladiator, my heart started beating heavily. My mind was flooded with questions: What's life? Am I really alive? Are you listening to me? Every time I moved my hand down Gladiator's body, I had a new thought; each touch sang a different song. I forgot all about the heat and the next day's surprise. The atmosphere was so full of warmth and silence that I sank into its arms. Falling asleep with the big cat in my arms, I felt all my worries slowly move away.

单选题The Origin of the Air Mail At Blackpool Holt Thomas and Graham-White agreed to make a practical experiment in carrying mails by aeroplane. The idea,as it was first worked out, was for the aeroplane to fly from Blackpool airport across to Southport airport, and for the mails to be taken over by the Post Office there. But the programme had to be changed owing to a series of high winds. What happened in the end was that Graham-White took a mail-bag in his plane , and made a flight with it across country for a distance of about seven miles,returning to the airport. This experiment gave Graham-White the honour of being the first airman in England to carry a bag of mail across country in an aeroplane. Letters and postcards which were carried in this test,and which had a special stamp recording the fact,soon became much sought after by collectors. The second and more important experiment in British air mail transport took place in September 1911 ,and was the first of its kind in this country to obtain the official permission of the Postmaster-general. It was indeed one of the historical events in our airmail development. In this case as many as 130,000 letter and postcards were carried by aeroplane between London and Windsor. One of the airmen engaged in this pioneer service was the famous Gustav Hamel,flying a monoplane. I remember going out one afternoon to see him start off with one of the bags of mail. It was an extremely bad day for flying ,and just before the time due for the start,the wind was blowing at nearly 50 miles an hour. None of the other pilots would have thought of going up,but Hamel--one of the finest of all pilots of the British monoplane--was not to be stopped. He jumped into his machine and fairly shot off the ground. The monoplane, so long as it was near the earth, was thrown about like a small boat on an angry sea. But Hamel gave a splendid exhibition of airmanship;as soon as he reached a great height, conditions became much steadier ,and her finished his journey without accident. This was an early demonstration that an airplane was more than a fine weather machine, and that it could fight its way successfully through violent winds. This fact impressed the postal authorities a good deal,and helped those who believed that the airplane had a great commercial future.

单选题Please do not hesitate to {{U}}call{{/U}} me if I can be of further assistance.

单选题If I make a mistake, I will try to remedy it.

单选题My parents told me that we had relations in Canada and South Africa.A. villasB. relativesC. depositsD. friends

单选题下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} Clone Farm Factory farming could soon enter a new era of mass production. Companies in the US are developing the technology needed to "clone" chickens on a massive scale. Once a chicken with desirable traits has been bred or genetically engineered, tens of thousands of eggs, which will hatch into identical copies, could roll off the production lines every hour. Billions of clones could be produced each year to supply chicken farms with birds that all grow at the same rate, have the same amount of meat and taste the same. This, at least, is the vision of the US's National Institute of Science and Technology, which has given Origen Therapeutics of Burlingame, California, and Embrex of North Carolina $ 4.7 million to help fund research. The prospect has alarmed animal welfare groups, who fear it could increase the suffering of farm birds. That's unlikely to put off the poultry industry, however, which wants disease resistant birds that grow faster on less food. "Producers would like the same meat quantity but to use reduced inputs to get there. " says Mike Fitzgerald of Origen. To meet this demand, Origen aims to "create an animal that is effectively a clone", he says. Normal cloning doesn't work in birds because eggs can't be removed and implanted. Instead, the company is trying to bulk-grow embryonic stem cells taken from fertilized eggs as soon as they're laid. "The trick is to culture the cells without them starting to distinguish, so they remain pluripotent. " says Fitzgerald. Using a long-established technique, these donor cells will then be injected into the embryo of a freshly laid, fertilized recipient egg, forming a chick that is a "chimera". Strictly speaking, a chimera isn't a clone, because it contains cells from both donor and recipient. But Fitzgerald says it will be enough if, 95 percent of a chicken's body develops from donor cells. "In the poultry world, it doesn't matter if it's not 100 percent. " he says. Another challenge for Origen is to scale up production. To do this, it has teamed up with Embrex, which produces machines that can inject vaccines into up to 50,000 eggs an hour. Embrex is now trying to modify the machines to locate the embryo and inject the cells into precisely the right spot without killing it. In future, Origen imagines freezing stem cells from different strains of chicken. If orders come in for a particular strain, millions of eggs could be produced in months or even weeks. At present, maintaining all the varieties the market might call for is too expensive for breeders, and it takes years to bread enough chickens to produce the billions of eggs that farmers need.

单选题Sex Change Surgery Guidelines Drafted China is set to (51) its first clinical guideline on sex-change surgery, according to a notice put on the website of the Ministry of Health yesterday. The ministry is now soliciting public and professional opinions on the draft guideline. The coming guideline aims to regulate and standardize sex reassignment surgery, part of a treatment for gender identity disorder in transsexuals. Experts (52) nearly 2,000 Chinese have undergone sex-change surgery while 100,000 to 400,000 are still considering it. However, no official number is available. In the draft, the MOH sets (53) criteria for both surgical candidates and medical institutions. Candidates for the surgery must be older than 20 and single, the draft guideline said. They are also required to prove a persistent desire for a sex change, to live for at least five consecutive years full-time in the new gender role, and to engage (54) mental therapy for at least one year. Before surgery can take place, a candidate must receive a recommendation for the operation from a (55) after an appropriate series of therapy sessions. Also, several legal requirements (56) be met before the procedure. The candidate must provide proof from police that he or she has does not have any criminal offenses in the past. Police must also agree to change the sex status on the identity card of the (57) receiver before the operation can, take (58) . The advent of such a guideline (59) to show that the government is concerned (60) the needs of a relatively small (61) of people who want to change sex. But doctors also warn that all stakeholders, including the hospital and prospective receivers, should be highly cautious about this surgery. The operation is more than a medical procedure due (62) its huge social and legal consequences. Doctors should make it clear to those (63) sex-change surgeries that the option always remains to continue to live in the original role. The guideline requires surgeons to tell patients about other options (64) hormone therapy. They are also required to explain the risks involved, and underlying social barriers including discrimination, and administrative recognition and approval. For the candidates, the surgery itself is not the big issue (65) the long run. The real issue is the kind of life he or she will have to lead afterward.

单选题下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}The Barbie Dolls{{/B}} In the mid 1940's, the young ambitious duo Ruth and Elliot Handler, owned a company that made wooden pictures frames. It was in 1945 that Ruth and Elliot Handler joined with their close friend Harold Mattson to form a company that would be known for the most famous and successful doll ever created. This company would be named MATTEL, MATT for Mattson, and EL for Elliot. In the mid 1950's, while Visiting Switzerland, Ruth Handler purchased a German Lilli doll. Lilli was a shapely, pretty fashion doll first made in 1955. She was originally fashioned after a famous cartoon character in the West German Newsletter, Build. Lilli is the doll that would inspire Ruth Handler to design the Barbie doll. With the help of her technicians and engineers at Mattel, Barbie was born. Ruth then hired Charlotte Johnson, a fashion designer, to create Barbie's wardrobe. It was in 1958 that the patent for Barbie was obtained. This would be a fashion doll unlike any of her time. She would be long limbed, shapely, beautiful, and only 11.5 inches tall. Ruth and Elliot would name their new fashion doll after their own daughter, Barbie. In 1959, the Barbie doll would make her way to the New York Toy Show and receive a cool reception from the toy buyers. Barbie has undergone a lot of changes over the years and has managed to keep up with current trends in hairstyles, makeup and clothing. She is a reflection of the history of fashion since her introduction to the toy market. Barbie has a universal appeal and collectors both young and old enjoy time spent and memories made with their dolls.

单选题It was hard to say why the man deserved such shabby treatment. A. old B. unforgettable C. unfair D. funny

单选题The poet William Carlos Williams was a New Jersey physician.

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} Buick in China The first Buick model off the line was just the beginning of General Motors' long march into the Chinese market. A total of 23,000 cars rolled out of the factory in 1999．This year, Shanghai GM Buick aims to produce 50,000 cars. It is interesting to review the long negotiations with the Chinese government to set up Shanghai GM Buick. The biggest issue was who would supply the car parts and how the parts would get from the factory to the Buick plant. A car is made up of more than 30,000 parts. Parts manufacturers in China don't have the technological know-how to make all the necessary parts. Therefore, at the beginning, about half the necessary parts will be shipped to Shanghai from North America. These parts are made at GM's Tillsonburg Ontario facility. The trains carry the parts over 3,000 miles to the Port of Vancouver. From Vancouver, the parts are shipped to Shanghai. All told, the door-to-door delivery time is 17 days. But there may be a 42-day delay between steel plates leaving the steel works in America and arriving in Shanghai. To prevent the long-distance shipping and delay, Shanghai GM Buick has asked Shanghai Baoshan steelworks to produce plates of similar quality. "Imported car parts are our biggest headache," says Jay Hunt. "local suppliers are very responsive. " To our surprise, however, the cost of localized production is much higher than buying from overseas. The reason is that although labor costs are low in China, wages comprise only 20% of the cost of producing car parts. Small-scale production in China makes production costs very high. The deputy general manager, Laurence Zahner said, "Only if the price of domestic parts drops 30% shall we be able to qualify for the international market. " Thankfully, a solution has appeared. Foreign car parts makers are coming to the Yangtse River Delta to set up joint ventures. Shanghai GM Buick will depend on those parts makers for car parts. Perhaps the Buick plant will not worry about the agreement with the Chinese partner any longer. The agreement says that in the first year of production, the Buick plant must have 42% of locally made parts, and in the second year, the locally made parts rise to 60%, and in the third year, 80%.

单选题Department Store A mainstay of retailing in the United States is the department store, a large-scale retailing instituting that has a very broad and deep product assortment(分类), tires not to compete on the basis of price, and provides a wide array or customer services. Traditional department stores offer a greater variety of merchandise and services than does any other type of retail store. They feature both"soft goods" —such as apparel, sheets, towels, and bedding (寝具)—and "hard goods" —including furniture, appliances, and consumer electronics. Department stores also attract— and satisfy—consumers by offering many customer services. The combination of destinctive, appealing merchandise and numerous customer services is designed to allow the stores to maintain the manufacturers'suggested retail prices. That is, department stores strive to charge" full" or "nondiscounted" (不打折扣的) prices. Department stores face mounting problems, however, Largely due to their prime locations and customer services, their operation expenses are considerably higher than those of most other kinds of retail business. Many manufacturers'brands that used to be available exclusively thorough department stores are now widely distributed and often carry discounted prices in other outlets. And the quality of personal service, especially knowledgeable sales help, has deteriorated in some department stores. Intense horizontal competition is also hurting department stores. Other types of retailers are aiming at consumers who have long supported department stores. Speciality stores, off-price retailers, and even some discount houses have been particularly aggressive in trying to lure shoppers sway from department stores. To varying degrees retail chains compete against department stores. Consequently, many department stores have modified their target markets or elements of their marketing mixes. The May Department Stores Company has targeted middle-income consumers, rejecting high-priced European designer lines and instead concentrating on fashionable apparel with moderate prices. Penney's dropped three lines of hard goods—home electronics, sporting goods, and photographic equipment. Penney's, Ward's, and Sears are all converting their very large stores into a collection of limited-me "superstores". Some department stores are also trying to be more price-competitive. Most notably, in 1989 Sears abandoned its practice of promoting temporarily reduced prices and adopted a strategy of "everyday low prices". With this policy, prices will always be lower than or as low as competitors.