单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently Male pilots flying general aviation (private) aircraft in the United States are more likely to crash due to inattention or flawed decision making. While female pilots are more likely to crash from mishandling (错误地处理) the aircraft (航行器). These are the results of a study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health. The study identifies the differences between male and female pilots in terms of circumstances of the crash and the type of pilots error involved. "Crashes of general aviation aircraft account for 85 percent of all aviation deaths" in the United States. The crash rate for male pilots as for motor vehicle drivers, exceeds that of crashes of female pilots, " explains Susan P. Baker, MPH, professor of health policy and management at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. "Because pilot youth and inexperience are established contributors to aviation crashes, we focused on only mature pilots, to determine the gender differences in the reasons for the crash. The researchers extracted data for this study from a large research project on pilot aging and flight safety. The data were gathered from general aviation (航行) crashes of airplanes and helicopters between 1983 and 1997, involving 144 female pilots and 267 male pilots aged 40--63. Female pilots were matched with male pilots in a 1:2 ratio, by age, classes of medical and pilot certificates, state or area of crash, and year of crash. Then the circumstances of the crashes and the pilot error involved were categorized and coded without knowledge of pilot gender. The researchers found that loss of control on landing or takeoff was the most common circumstance for both sexes, leading to 59 percent of female pilots' crashes and 36 percent of males'. Experiencing mechanical failure, running out of fuel (燃料), and landing the plane with the landing gear up were among the factors more likely with males, while stalling was more likely with females. The majority of the crashes -- 95 percent for females and 88 percent for males -- involved at least one type of pilot error. Mishandling aircraft kinetics was the most common error for both sexes, but was more common among females (accounting for 81 percent of the crashes) than males (accounting for 48 percent). Males, however, appeared more likely to be guilty of poor decision-making, risk-taking, and inattentiveness, examples of which include misjudging weather and visibility or flying an aircraft with a known defect (过失). Females, though more likely to mishandle or lose control of the aircraft, were generally more careful than their male counterparts.

单选题There are various ways to solve the problem.A. sameB. ninnyC. helpfulD. different

单选题A gift to the United States from France, the Statue of Liberty was {{U}}assembled{{/U}} and dedicated in 1886.

单选题Undoubtedly, ______ wins the election is going to have a tough job geeing the economy back on its feet.A. anyoneB. whoC. whoeverD. everyone

单选题Hospital Mistreatment According to a study, most medical interns report experiencing mistreatment, including humiliation by senior doctors, 1 threatened, or physical abuse in their first year out of medical school. The findings come from analysis of the 2 a 13-page survey mailed in January 1991 to 1,733 second-year residents. The survey and 3 appear in the April 15th issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. Overall, out of the 1,277 residents 4 completed surveys, 1,185 said that they had experienced at least one incident of mistreatment in their intern year. 5 reporting incidents where they were abused, more than 45% of the residents said they had witnessed at least one incident where other persons 6 false medical records. Moreover, nearly three quarters of the residents said they had witnessed mistreatment of patents by other residents, attending physicians, or nurses. Almost 40% said patient mistreatment was a frequent 7 More than 10% of the residents said they experenced some type of sexual harassment or discrimination, verbal abuse was the most common problem cited. When abusive incidents were limited to events occurring three or more times, 53% of the respondents reported that they 8 belittled or humiliated by more senior residents, while just over 21% reported someone taking credit for their work. Being " 9 tasks for punishment," "being pushed, kicked or hit," and 10 someone "threatening your reputation or career," were reported as a more 11 occurrence by over 10% of the responding residents.

单选题Jean has {{U}}made up her mind{{/U}} not to go to the meeting. A. tried B. promised C. decided D. attempted

单选题He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress .

单选题This is the unique solution to our current difficulty.A. onlyB. aloneC. singleD. lonely

单选题Of the following functions, which is NOT possessed by the navigation computer?

单选题He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source,

单选题The policeman wrote down all the {{U}}particulars{{/U}} of the accident．

单选题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。 {{B}} The Threat to Kiribati{{/B}} The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally, Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. These tides, which swept across the island and destroyed houses, came when there was neither wind nor rain. "This never happened before," say the older citizens of Kiribati. What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil and coal are being burned, pollutants (污染物) are released; these pollutants trap heat in the earth's atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expand and also create more water by melting glaciers (冰川) and polar (极地的) ice caps. If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer. Bangladesh, for example, might lose one-fifth of its land. The coral (珊瑚) island nations of the Pacific, like Kiribati and the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fate - they would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyone's loss. Coral formations are home to more species than any other place on earth. The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea, on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They don't have the money for expensive technological solutions like seawalls. And they have no control over the pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution.

单选题 Science and Truth "FINAGLE" is not a word that most people associate with science. One reason is that the image of the scientist is of one who always collects data in an impartial {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}for truth. In any debate—over intelligence, schooling, energy—the {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}"science says" usually disarms opposition. But scientists have long acknowledged the existence of a "finagle factor"—a tendency by many scientists to give a helpful change to the data to {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}desired results. The latest of the finagle factor in action comes from Stephen Jay Gould, a Harvard biologist, {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}has examined the important 19th century work of Dr. Samuel George Morton. Morton was famous in his time {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}analysing the brain size of the skulls as a measure of intelligence. He concluded that whites had the {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}brains, that the brains of Indians and Blacks were smaller, and therefore, that whites constitute a superior race. Gould went back to Morton's original data and concluded that the {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}were an example of the finagle at work. He found that Morton's "discovery" was made by leaving out embarrassing data, using incorrect procedures, making simple arithmetical {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}(always in his favour) and changing his criteria—again, always in favour of his argument. Morton has been thoroughly discredited by now and scientists do not believe that brain size reflects {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. But Gould went on to say Morton's story is only an example of a common problem in {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}work. Some of the leading figures in science are believed to have {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}the finagle factor. Gould says that Isaac Newton fudged out to support at least three central statements that he could not prove. And so {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}Claudius Ptolemy, the Greek astronomer, whose master work, Almagest, summed up the case for a solar system that had the earth as its center. Recent studies indicate that Ptolemy {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}faked some key data or resorted heavily to the finagle factor. All this is {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}because the finagle factor is still at work. For example, in the artificial sweetener controversy, for example, it is said that all the studies sponsored by the sugar industry find that the artificial sweetener is unsafe, while all the studies sponsored by the diet food industry find nothing {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}with it.

单选题Alice laid her baby on the sofa tenderly and wrapped it with a blanket.

单选题You'd better put these documents in a {{U}}Safe{{/U}} place．

单选题I have been trying to quit smoking.

单选题Plant Gas Scientists have been studying natural sources of methane for decades but hadn't regarded plants as a producer, notes Frank Keppler, a geochemist at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, Germany. Now Keppler and his colleagues find that plants, from grasses to trees, may also be sources of the greenhouse gas. This is really surprising, because most scientists assumed that methane production requires an oxygen-free environment. Previously, researchers had thought that it was impossible for plants to make significant mounts of the gas. They had assumed that microbes need to be in environments without oxygen to produce methane. Methane is a greenhouse gas, like carbon dioxide. Gases such as methane and carbon dioxide trap heat in Earth's atmosphere and contribute to global warming. In its experiments, Keppler's team used sealed chambers that contained the same concentration of oxygen that Earth's atmosphere has. They measured the amounts of methane that were released by both living plants and dried plant material, such as fallen leaves. With the dried plants, the researchers took measurement at temperatures ranging from 30 degrees Celsius to 70 degrees C. At 30 degrees C, they found, a gram of dried plant material released up to 3 nanograms of methane per hour. ( One nanogram is a billionth of a gram. ) With every 10-degree rise in temperature, the amount of methane released each hour roughly doubled. Living plants growing at their normal temperatures released as much as 370 nanograms of methane per gram of plant tissue per hour. Methane emissions tripled when living and dead plant was exposed to sunlight. Because there was plenty of oxygen available, it's unlikely that the types of bacteria that normally make methane were involved. Experiments on plants that were grown in water rather than soil also resulted in methane emissions. That's another strong sign that the gas came from the plants and not soil microbes. The new finding is an "interesting observation," says Jennifer Y. King, a biogeochemist at the University of Minnesota in St. Paul. Because some types of soil microbes consume methane, they may prevent plant-produced methane from reaching the atmosphere. Field tests will be needed to assess the plant's influence, she notes.

单选题On a bright autumn day, my family went to climb the Fragrance Mountain.A. dullB. sunnyC. cloudyD. clear

单选题The eternal motion of the stars fascinated him.

单选题Have you filled up the form? Of all things in the world, I most dislike filling up forms ; in fact, I have a (51) horror of it. Applying for a living license, (52) for an evening course, booking a holiday abroad-everything nowadays seem to involve (53) information about one's personal life and habits that has little or nothing to do with the matter (54) hand. When applying for a job, it may be (55) some obscure interest to a (56) employer to learn that I collect stamp or had measles as a child, but why should he conceivably want to know that my father was a tobacconist who died in 1988? The authorities who (57) one to fill up forms, frequently demand answers to questions that one would hesitate to put (58) one's intimate friends. The worst of it is that, when (59) with such questions, my mind goes blank. Have I ever suffered from a serious illness? My mother always assured me I was "delicate". Do I suffer from any personal defects? Well, I wear contact lenses and my upper teeth are not my own, but perhaps the word "defects" (60) to my character. Am I supposed to (61) that I like gambling, and find it difficult to get up in the morning? Both of them are true. Of all, I think job applications are the worst, "education"—previous experience—post held give (62) ... Terrified by the awful warning about giving false (63) which appear at the bottom of the form, I struggle to remember what exams I passed and how long I worked for what firms. (64) hard I try, there always seems to be a year or two for which I cannot satisfactorily account and which I am certain, if left (65) , will give the impression that I was in prison or engaged in some occupation too dubious to mention.