单选题His kidney was given to his daughter so as to save her.

单选题Science and Truth "FINAGLE" (欺骗) is not a word that most people associate with science. One reason is that the image of the scientist is of one who always 1 data in an impartial (不偏不倚的) search for truth. In any debate— 2 intelligence, schooling, energy—the phrase "science says" usually disarms opposition. But scientists have long acknowledged the existence of a "finagle factor"—a tendency by many scientists to give a helpful change to the data to 3 desired results. The latest of the finagle factor in action comes from Stephen Jay Gould, a Harvard biologist, who has 4 the important 19th century work of Dr. Samuel George Morton. Morton was famous in his time for analysing the brain 5 of the skulls as a measure of intelligence. He concluded that whites had the largest brains, that the brains of Indians and blacks were smaller, and 6 , that whites constitute a superior race. Gould went back to Morton"s original data and concluded that the 7 were an example of the finagle at work. He found that Morton"s "discovery" was made by leaving out embarrassing data, 8 incorrect procedures, and changing his criteria—again, always in favour of his argument. Morton has been thoroughly discredited by now and scientists do not believe that brain size reflects 9 . But Gould went on to say Morton"s story is only an example of a common problem in 10 work. Some of the leading figures in science are 11 to have used the finagle factor. Gould says that Isaac Newton fudged out (捏造) to support at least three central statements that he could not prove. And so 12 Laudius Ptolemy, the Greek astronomer, whose master work, Almagest , summed up the case for a solar system that had the earth as its centre. Recent 13 indicate that Ptolemy either faked some key data or resorted heavily to the finagle factor. All this is important because the finagle factor is still at work. For example, in the artificial sweetener controversy, for example, it is 14 that all the studies sponsored by the sugar industry find that the artificial sweetener is unsafe, 15 all the studies sponsored by the diet food industry find nothing wrong with it.

单选题He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct. A. style B. behavior C. mode D. attitude

单选题 The Development of Personality Personality is to large extent inherent. A-type parents usually bring A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children. One place where children soak up (浸泡) A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A-types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: Remember that Philippines, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying, "Rejoice, We conquer!" By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful. Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B's. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to hide possible future employment. It is top management. If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively form A-type stock. B's are important and should be encouraged.

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers{{/B}} A concept car developed by Japanese Company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over-tired drivers off the road. The car's sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver's sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even leek up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver's palm. Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden's Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start. Nissan's new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a drivers alertness by monitoring theft eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest. The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology. "For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015. The car's seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it's going to register, so we need to study what's the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says. In the UK, some research groups are using similar advanced techniques to understand driver behavior and the effectiveness of different road designs.

单选题The moon and most artificial satellites travel around the Earth in elliptical paths .

单选题Through her portrayal of eight college-educated women in the book, The Group, author Mary McCarthy criticizes an entire period. A. age B. nation C. social class D. system of education

单选题Althouse Bus Company pays much attention to

单选题 How the First Stars in the Universe Came into Existence How the first stars formed from this dust and gas has been a burning question for years, but a state-of-the- art computer simulation now offers the most detailed picture yet of how these first stars in the universe came into existence, researchers say. The composition of the early universe was quite different from that of today, and the physics that governed the early universe were also somewhat simpler. Dr. Naoki Yoshida and colleagues in Japan and the U.S. incorporated these conditions of the early universe, sometimes referred to as the "cosmic dark ages, " to simulate the formation of an astronomical object that would eventually shine its light into this darkness. The result is a detailed description of the formation of a protostar-the early stage of a massive primordial star of our universe, and the researchers' computer simulation, which has been called a "cosmic Rosetta Stone." sets the bar for further investigation into the star formation process. The question of how the first stars evolved is so important because their formations and eventual explosions provided the seeds for subsequent stars to come into being. According to their simulation, gravity acted on minute density variations in matter, gases, and the mysterious "dark matter" of the universe after the Big Bang in order to form this early stage of a star-a protostar with a mass of just one percent of our sun. The simulation reveals how pre-stellar gases would have actually evolved under the simpler physics of the early universe to form this protostar. Dr. Yoshida's simulation also shows that the protostar would likely evolve into a massive star capable of synthesizing heavy elements, not just in later generations of stars, but soon after the Big Bang. "This geneal picture of star formation, and the ability to compare how stellar objects form in different time periods and regions of the universe, will eventually allow investigation into the originsof life and planets, " said Lars Hernquist, a Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University and a coauthor of this latest report. "The abundance of elements in the universe has increased as stars have accumulated, " he says, "and the formation and destruction of stars continues to spread these elements further across the universe. So when you think about it, all of the elements in our bodies originally formed from nuclear reactions in the centers of stars, long ago." Their simulation of the birth of a protostar in the early universe signifies a key step toward the ambitious goal of piecing together the formation of an entire primordial star and of predicting the mass and properties of these first stars of the universe. More powerful computers, more physical data, and an even larger range will be needed for further calculations and simulations, but these researchers hope to eventually extend this simulation to the point of nuclear reaction initiation--when a stellar object becomes a true star. "Dr. Yoshida has taken the study of primordial star formation to a new level with this simulation, but it still gets us only to the halfway point towards our final goal. It is like laying the foundation of a skyscraper, " said Volker Bromm, Assistant Professor of Astronomy at the University of Texas, Austin and the author of a companion article. "We must continue our studies in this area to understand how the initially tiny protostar grows, layer by layer, to eventually form a massive star. Buthere, the physics become much more complicated and even more computational resources are needed."

单选题Lateral Thinking Lateral thinking (迂回思维), first described by Edward de Bono in 1967, is just a few years older than Edward"s son. You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker, but de Bono name was so famous, Casper"s parents worried that any time he would say something bright at school, his teachers might snap, "Where do you get that idea from?" "We had to be careful and not overdo it," Edward admits. Now Casper is at Oxford-which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic (诵读困难). In fact, when he was applying to Oxford, none of his school teachers thought he had a chance. "So then we did several thinking sessions," his father says, "using my techniques and, when he went up for the exam, he did extremely well." Soon after, Edward de Bono decided to write his latest book, " Teach Your Children How to Think ", in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share. Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence, and everybody knows that children aren"t very logical. So isn"t it an uphill battle, trying to teach them to think? "You know," Edward de Bono says, "if you examine people"s thinking, it is quite unusual to find faults of logic. But the faults of perception are huge! Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view." " Teach Your Child How to Think " offers lessons in perception improvement, of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives.

单选题Which of the following is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina according to the last paragraph?

单选题With the help of the space-shuttle-carried radar, archeologists found

单选题More than 89 percent of the buildings in Annapolis, Maryland, were erected before the Revolutionary War.

单选题Several people were missing during the storm.

单选题Help Your Child Become a Reader Encouraging early reading skills can build a path to a lifelong (终身的) love of reading and can help your child get a head start in school. While reading to your child is still the most important thing you can do to build reading skills, there are many techniques that can help. Make reading fun. Play games with your child as you read. Many traditional children's games can be adapted to encourage reading skills. While reading or during play, tell your child, "I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the letter b. "Help the child find something on the page or in the room that begins with that letter. For example. "I see a barn. "This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds. "I spy with my little eye, something that begins with the sound 's'. "Help the child find a word that begins with the "s" sound. In this variation on the popular game, instruct the child that, "Simon says, 'point to something that starts with the letter n. ' "The child can then find an object in the room or a body part, such as the nose, that starts with the letter presented. This can also be used to teach beginning sounds. Make a game out of rhyming (押韵) words by making up silly words to rhyme with the child's name of favorite toys. This sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of sounds. As the child masters making up the words, begin rhyming real words to one another. Tips to raise a successful reader: Put books in places where the child plays. If books are easily accessible, children are more likely to pick them up. Let children "read to you" by looking at pictures. Making up stories to go along with illustrations helps children discover how words relate to pictures. Take books along on trips or even short visits to the doctor's office or grocery store. Have children help you shop. Reading grocery lists and looking for specific items helps build sight vocabulary.

单选题Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy is an efficient and convenient substitute for conventional forms of energy which were found in special geographical locations. Large amounts of (51) and effort are required to (52) these locations. Once the sites are found, men and equipment must be brought to tap and use these sources of energy. However, a large proportion of such sites are found only in far and (53) places. This increases the difficulties of (54) these forms of energy. With nuclear energy, such difficulties are not present. Nuclear reactors can easily be built anywhere, and man does not have to compete with the (55) of nature in order to obtain the energy. For equal amounts of energy, nuclear energy is much more convenient and inexpensive to obtain than conventional sources of energy. With nuclear energy, the amount of pollution is greatly reduced. (56) the production of nuclear energy is based on the fission (裂变)of atoms, pollution is kept to a very low level. The energy produced in the reactors is converted into heat and electricity, and these have (57) or no pollution at all. Conventional forms of fuel, (58) , produce large amounts of pollution. Production of nuclear energy uses the (59) of the fission of atoms; thus, (60) amounts of energy can be obtained from it. The world's reserves of oil, coal and natural gas are running (61) at a tremendous rate and current estimates predict that (62) of the 21st century, most of these conventional fuels will be used up. Nuclear energy is the exception (63) this gloomy prediction. Through splitting and fusing atoms, large amounts of energy can be produced, and (64) this process can go on and on until all our energy needs are satisfied. The (65) of nuclear energy as boundless source of energy is indeed great, and we must harness it whenever possible as conventional fuels will not be around much longer.

单选题The earthquake that hit the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago is the biggest "mid-plate" one in history.

单选题From all the different clues, we were able to Udeduce/U that the murderer was a short fat woman.

单选题I Unotified/U him that the meeting had been postponed.

单选题That player is eternally arguing with the referee.