单选题第三篇 Sino-Japan Animosity Lessens
Chinese and Japanese people view each other slightly more positively than last year, according to a survey released on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing.
The survey is jointly sponsored by China Daily and Genron NPO, a Japanese think tank similar to the American Council on Foreign Relations. It also found overwhelming agreement in both countries that Sino-Japanese relations were important.
The survey is a part of the Beijing-Tokyo Forum, an annual gathering of senior government officials and representatives from Chinese and Japanese NGOs designed to improve communication and understanding between the two countries.
Conducted every year for five years now, the survey focused on two different groups of people: ordinary citizens, and intellectuals. In China, the intellectual group was comprised mainly of university students from well-known schools like Peking University. In Japan, the "intellectual" group was mainly made up of previous members of Genron NPO.
Among ordinary Chinese polled, 35.7 percent said they have "very good" or "relatively good" impressions of Japan, a 5.5-percentage-point increase compared with last year. 45.2 percent of Chinese students had a positive impression of Japan, two percentage points more than last year. Only 26.6 percent of Japanese have a positive impression of China, however.
Still, an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country said Sino-Japanese relations were "important" and wanted their leaders to deepen talks and cooperation with each other.
But 51.9 percent of ordinary people and 42.4 percent of students in China said they saw no change in relations between the two countries over the last year. In Japan, 64.8 percent of those ordinary people and 53.4 percent of intellectuals surveyed shared the view that there was no improvement in bilateral ties this year.
Historical issues and territorial disputes remain two major obstacles to improving bilateral relations, the survey found. What concerns the Chinese most are historical issues, visits by Japanese officials to Yasukuni Shrine, and the Nanjing Massacre.
Perceptions on economic and trade relations have improved, though. About 47 percent of ordinary Japanese said China had been "helpful" this year in fighting the global economic crisis, compared with just 30 percent last year. The percent of Japanese intellectuals who said Chinese economic growth was good for Japan increased from 65.8 percent to 81.4 percent this year.
Cooperation in East Asian issues, trade and investment, energy, and the environment and climate change top the list of common concerns that people in China and Japan want their leaders to talk about in bilateral meetings, the survey found.
Civil exchanges were regarded by the most people from the both countries as an important way to improve relations. 90.7 percent of the students and 85.7 percent of the ordinary people in China and 95.8% of intellectuals and 74.8% of the ordinary people in Japan viewed civil exchanges as "important" or "relatively important".
Chinese and Japanese both learn about each other"s countries mostly through television news and newspapers, the survey found.
单选题Many people in the region have died from the
epidemic
disease.
单选题Tom Alciere
Mr. Alciere had not tried to conceal this. He posted vigorous notes on Internet discussion boards; one, in October, declared that "nobody will ever be safe until the last cop is dead." He often joined in radio talk-shows, sometimes describing himself as "Angry Tom". But in his election campaign Mr. Alciere was much mistier: he promised only to fight for individual freedom. He later said that he did not bring up his opinions about the police because nobody asked.
This has prompted some soul-searching among journalists, and others, who failed to spot Angry Tom behind Candidate Tom. Mr. Alciere blames the voters. In one Internet message, he called his constituents "a bunch of fat, stupid, ugly old ladies that watch soap operas, play bingo, read tabloids and don"t know the metric system". These people, be it noted, are part of the New Hampshire electorate that is so often admired for its maverick charm, wielding much power in the choice of America"s presidents through its first-in-the-nation primary.
The point is that New Hampshire pays attention to presidential races, but considers its own state law makers pretty unimportant. As Ken Gidge, a radio talk-show host puts it, quite possibly "a dog-catcher in a particular community has more power". New Hampshire"s legislature has 400 members who face re-election every two years and earn an annual salary of $100. The legislature is a "dinosaur with a tiny little brain", a symbol of New Hampshire"s disdain for government, says Arnie Arnesen, a political science professor at Franklin Pierce College. She claims that, in the past, some of its members have been found to have mental problems. No doubt others held opinions as pungent as Mr. Alciere"s; but they did not have an Internet on which to publicize them.
At first, Mr. Alciere refused to leave his seat, insisting he was "not a nut". Then he said that he would step down, if 11 law makers pledged to bring his pet bills to a roll-call vote. He wants to legalize drugs, ban involuntary commitments to mental institutions, and replace state schools with online education. On January 10th, a compromise was reached, another freshman Republican agreed to submit eight of his proposals, and Mr. Alciere resigned. Some think he should have been kept around—to remind voters that they sometimes get what they deserve.
单选题Snow Ranger The two things, snow and mountains, which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain, often called "White Death." It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger. He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937, 38 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest. This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area. Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche. The Forest Service set out to do it, and did with its corps of snow rangers. It takes many things to make a snow ranger. The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition. He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber. He should have at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better. He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather. He learns the conditions that produce avalanches. He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing strength. The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down. The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes. He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm. Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area's operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes.
单选题Lateral Thinking Lateral thinking (迂回思维), first described by Edward de Bono in 1967, is just a few years older than Edward's son. You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker, but de Bono name was so famous, Caspar's parents worried that any time he would say something bright at school, his teachers might snap, "Where do you get that idea from?" "We had to be careful and not overdo it," Edward admits. Now Caspar is at Oxford— which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic (诵读困难). In fact, when he was applying to Oxford, none of his school teachers thought he had a chance. "So then we did several thinking sessions," his father says, "using my techniques and, when he went up for the exam, he did extremely well." Soon after, Edward de Bono decided to write his latest book, "Teach Your Children How to Think", in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share. Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence, and everybody knows that children aren't very logical. So isn't it an uphill battle, trying to teach them to think? "You know," Edward de Bono says, "if you examine people's thinking, it is quite unusual to find faults of logic. But the faults of perception are huge! Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view. " "Teach Your Child How to Think" offers lessons in perception improvement, of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives.
单选题 阅读下面的短文,文中有15处空白,每处空白给出了4个选项,请根据短文的内容从 4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。
{{B}}
Singing Alarms Could Save
the Blind{{/B}} If you cannot see, you may not be able to find
your way out of a burning building - and that could be fatal. A company in Leeds
could {{U}}(51) {{/U}} all that with directional (定向的) sound alarms
capable of guiding you to the exit. Sound Alert, a company run
{{U}}(52) {{/U}} the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a
residential home for {{U}}(53) {{/U}} people in Sommerset and a resource
centre for the blind in Cumbria. The alarms produce a {{U}}(54) {{/U}}
range of frequencies that enable the brain to {{U}}(55) {{/U}} where the
sound is coming from. Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says
that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be {{U}}(56) {{/U}}
by humans. "It is a burst of white noise that people say sounds like static
(静电噪音) on the radio," she says. "its life-saving potential is {{U}}(57)
{{/U}}." She conducted an experiment in which people were
filmed by thermal-imaging (热效应成像) cameras trying to find their {{U}}(58)
{{/U}} out of a large smoke-filled room. It {{U}}(59) {{/U}} them
nearly four minutes to find the door without a sound alarm, {{U}}(60)
{{/U}} only 15 seconds with one. Withington studies how the
brain {{U}}(61) {{/U}} sounds at the university. She says that the
{{U}}(62) {{/U}} of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed (精确地确定)
more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms {{U}}(63) {{/U}} on
the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles.
The alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to
{{U}}(64) {{/U}} whether people should go up or down stairs. They were
{{U}}(65) {{/U}} with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear
Fuels.
单选题Think and Act or Act and Think
The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
Isenberg"s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers" intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha! Experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes familiar patterns.
One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that thinking is inseparable from acting. Since managers often know what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert.
Given the great uncertainty of many of the management issues that they face, senior managers often instigate a course of action simply to learn more about an issue. They then use the results of the action to develop a more complete understanding of the issue. One implication of thinking/acting cycles is that action is often part of defining the problem, not just of implementing the solution.
单选题She is
incapable of
doing the demanding job.
单选题He often
finds fault with
my work.
单选题Insects thrive all over, from the hottest deserts to the snow-clad peaks of lofty mountains. A. silently B. totally C. everywhere D. overhead
单选题The nursery is bright and ( cheerful ).
单选题The food is
insufficient
for three people.
单选题Marsha {{U}}confessed{{/U}} that she knew nothing of computer.
A. reported
B. hoped
C. admitted
D. answered
单选题 阅读下面的短文,文中有15处空白,每处空白给出了4个选项,请根据短文的内容从 4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。
{{B}}The American Family{{/B}}
In the American family the husband and wife usually share important
decision making. When the children are{{U}} (51) {{/U}}enough, they take
part as well. Foreigners are often surprised by the permissiveness (宽容) of
American parents. The old rule that "children should be seen and not heard" is
rarely{{U}} (52) {{/U}}, and children are often allowed to do{{U}}
(53) {{/U}}they wish without strict control of their parents. The
father seldom expects his children to listen to him{{U}} (54) {{/U}}
question, and children are encouraged to be{{U}} (55) {{/U}}at an early
age. Some people believe that American parents carry this freedom{{U}} (56)
{{/U}}far. Others think that a strong father image would not{{U}} (57)
{{/U}}the American values of equality and independence. Because Americans
emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to{{U}}
(58) {{/U}}their parental families by the time they have{{U}} (59)
{{/U}}their late teens or early twenties. Indeed, not to do so is often
regarded as a{{U}} (60) {{/U}}, a kind of weak dependence.
This pattern of independence often results in serious{{U}} (61)
{{/U}}for the aging parents of a small family. The average American is
expected to live{{U}} (62) {{/U}}the age of 70. The job-retirement age
is{{U}} (63) {{/U}}65. The children have left home, married, and{{U}}
(64) {{/U}}their own households. At least 20 percent of all people
over 65 do not have enough retirement incomes.{{U}} (65) {{/U}}the major
problem of many elderly couples is not economic. They feel useless and lonely
with neither an occupation nor a close family
group.
单选题The thief was finally {{U}}captured{{/U}} two miles away from the village.
A. caught
B. killed
C. found
D. jailed
单选题We
resolved
the problem after group discussion.
单选题Since I have been ill, my
appetite
has diminished.
单选题The towers of a suspension bridge serve as a rigid framework to which the cables are attached.A. boundaryB. skeletonC. enclosureD. material
单选题The Forbidden Apple
New York used to be the city that never sleeps. Theses days, it"s the city that never smokes, drinks or does anything naughty (at least, not in public). The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple.
If you wanted a glass of wine with your picnic in Central Park, could you have one? No chance. Drinking alcohol in public isn"t allowed. If you decided to feed the birds with the last crumbs (碎屑) of your sandwich, you could be arrested. It"s illegal if you went to a bar for a drink and a cigarette, that would be OK, wouldn"t it? Er...no. You can"t smoke in public in New York City.
What"s going on? Why is the city that used to be so open-minded becoming like this? The mayor of New York is behind it all. He has brought in a whole lot of new laws to stop citizens from doing what they want, when they want.
The press is shocked. Even the New York police have joined the argument. They recently spent $100,000 on a "Don"t blame the cop" campaign. One New York police officer said, "We raise money for the city by giving people fines for breaking some very stupid laws. It"s all about money."
The result is a lot of fines for minor offences. Yoav Kashida, an Israel tourist, fell asleep on the subway. When he woke up, two police officers fined him because he had fallen asleep on two seats (you mustn"t use two seats in the subway). Elle and Serge Schroitman were fined for blocking a driveway with their car. It was their own driveway.
The angry editor of vanity Fair magazine, Graydon Carter, says, "Under New York City law it is acceptable to keep a gun in your place of work, but not an empty ashtray (烟灰缸)." He should know. The police came to his office and took away his ashtray.
But not all of the New York"s inhabitants are complaining. Marcia Dugatty, 72, said, "The city has changed for the better. If more cities had these laws, America would be a better place to live," Nixon Patricks, 38, a barman, said, "I like the new laws, if people smoked in here, we"d go home smelling of cigarettes."
Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193 other US cities. And it"s true. It"s safe, cleaner and more healthy than before. But let"s be honest, who goes to New York for its clean streets?
单选题From my
standpoint
, you know, this thing is just funny.