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单选题The National Safety Council urges drivers and passengers to wear seat belts as a warning against injury.A. cautionB. precautionC. securityD. safety
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单选题This table is strong and durable .
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单选题The Exploding Lakes of Cameroon What comes to mind when you think of a lake? You probably imagine a pretty scene with blue water, birds, and fish. For the people in the northwestern Cameroon, however, the image is very different. For them, lakes may mean terrible disasters. In 1984, poisonous gases exploded out of Lake Monoun and came down into the nearby villages, killing thirty-seven people. Two years later, Lake Nyos erupted. A cloud of gases rolled down the hills and into the valleys and killed 1,700 people. Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are crater (火山口) lakes. They were formed when water collected in the craters of old volcanoes. The volcanoes under Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are not active anymore. However, poisonous gases from the center of the earth continue to flow up through cracks in the bottom of the lake. This is normal in a crater lake. In most crater lakes, these gases are released often because the water "turns over" regularly. That is, the water from the bottom of the lake rises and mixes with the water at the top, allowing the gases to escape slowly. However, in Lakes Nyos and Monoun, there is no regular turning over. No one knows the reason for this fact, but as a result, these lakes have more gases trapped at the bottom than other crater lakes. In fact, scientists who have studied Lakes Nyos and Monoun have found 16,000 times more gases. When a strong wind, cool weather, a storm, or a landslide (滑坡) causes the water to turn over suddenly, the gases escape in a violent explosion. In the past, no one knew when the gases might explode, so there was no way for the villagers to escape disaster. Now scientists from the United States, France, and Cameroon have found a way to reduce the gas pressure at the bottom of Lake Nyos. They stood a 672-foot plastic pipe in the middle of the lake, with one end of the pipe near the bottom and the other end in the air. Near the top of the pipe, the team put several holes that could be opened or closed by a computer. Now, when the gas pressure gets too high, the holes are opened and some of the gas-filled water shoots up through the pipe into the air like a fountain. With less pressure, a disastrous explosion is much less likely. However, the scientists are not sure that one pipe will be enough to prevent explosions. They hope to put in others soon and they plan to install a similar pipe and a computer system at Lake Monoun as well. To protect people nearby until all of the pipes are in place, the scientists have installed early warning systems at both lakes. If the gas pressure rises to a dangerous level, computers will set off loud sirens (警报) and bright lights to warn the people in the villages. In that way, they will have time to escape from the dangerous gases.
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单选题In statistics, the mathematical mean is obtained by dividing the sum of a group of scores by the number of scores. A. total B. square C. numerator D. list
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单选题TV Games Shows One of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the "best sellers" list with a sale of fewer than 100, 000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well known overnight. This is the principle behind "quiz" or "game" shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prize and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the U.S. and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the show's producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didn't like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. Based on his story, a movie under the title Quiz Show is on 40 years later. Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they aren't taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.
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单选题 下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题,从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}} How to Read{{/B}} A few years ago I was shopping with a friend and his 12 year-old daughter in downtown San Francisco. A street musician, whom my friend happened to know from his own musician days, was playing the saxophone(萨克斯管)on a street corner. His name was Clifford, and he had attracted a large crowd with his performance. After he finished, my friend introduced him to me and his daughter. Clifford asked her if she played any instrument. When she replied that she was taking trumpet(小号)lessons and played in her junior high school band, he said, "That's fine, little lady. Learn your instrument well and you can play anything." Somehow these simple yet wise words struck me as appropriate not only for a trumpet player but also for a reader. If you learn to read well, you can read anything you want--not just newspapers and magazines, but more difficult material like philosophy, film criticism, military history-whatever interests you as your confidence grows. You would not be limited in any way. If you have the vocabulary or at least a good dictionary near at hand-you can pick up a book, concentrate in it, and make sense of the author's words. In the United States, reading instruction often ends at elementary school, so students sometimes have difficulty as they progress through school. They must take their assignments armed only with their elementary school reading skills. The result, too often, is frustration and loss of confidence. And the assigned reading in your college courses will be even greater than they were in high school. Developing Reading Skills is designed to accomplish several tasks: to show you the skills that will enable you to read with greater comprehension, to help you cope with reading assignments With confidence, and to teach you to become an active reader.
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单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} Scientists Make Sweet Discovery Good news for chocoholics:the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you,according to American researchers at the University of California.Chocolate contains substances called fla vonoids(类黄酮)that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation.The researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate once in a while may contribute to a healthy diet.Chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins(内啡肽)in the body:these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy. But who first discovered this wonderful way of keeping healthy?The Olmec Indians of Mexico and Central America were the first to grow cocoa beans,in about 1500 BC.and the Mayas were drinking un sweetened cocoa hundreds of years before it became fashionable in Europe.The word chocolate comes from the Nahuatl word xocolati,which means“bitter water”. In 1544,a delegation of Mayan nobles visited Philip of Spain and gave him jars of cocoa as a gift.Cocoa soon became fashionable in Spain and Portugal.The Spanish were the first to add sugar to their Cocoa drink.In the 17th century,chocolate was becoming fashionable with the middle-classes,not only as a drink but also as a medicine. By the middle of the century,solid chocolate was becoming familiar.In 1753,a Swedish scientist renamed cocoa theobroma or“food for the gods”.In 1765,James Baker and John Hanan opened the first chocolate mill in the United States,introducing chocolate to the average citizen.In 1876,in Switzerland, Daniel Peter had the idea of adding milk in the chocolate.Making process and produced the first milk chocolate. Since then,chocolate has grown enormously in popularity.One of the biggest chocolate-eating nations is Britain where the average man,woman,and child eats nine kilos of chocolate a year!In fact,chocolate is the number one comfort food and there are more“chocoholics”in Britain than anywhere else in the world. Researchers warn that although chocolate is good for you,it should be eaten in small quantities-and with no added milk.
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单选题Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome. I'm sure we have all heard of the expression "Think green". Tonight we are going to talk about" Act green" in our everyday life. The best place to start, of course, is in nut home. Every day people all over the world are hurting the environment without even knowing it. For example, busy families buy paper napkins and plastic food wrap at the supermarket. This helps them save time oil housework. But after these things have been used, what happens to them? They go into the garbage can. In many places, especially in North America big cities are running out of places to throw their garbage. What can we do about it? How can we cut down on garbage? Now we can use plastic: napkins and plastic towels instead of paper towels. When we go grocery shopping we can choose products that are not over-packaged. For example, last week I bought a package of cookies in a hag. There was a plastic tree inside the bag, and then each cookie was in its own package on the tree in the bag. That's over-packaging. We should also take our own bags to the grocery store to carry the things home in. What does the speaker's attitude towards over-packaging according to the speech?A. It helps us save time.B. It adds to the problem of too much garbage.C. It is a kind of waste of resources.D. It is a good way to make things look nic
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单选题John Hanson helped Udraft/U instructions for Maryland's delegates to the Stamp Act Congress.
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单选题Paragraph 1 _____.
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单选题"I am not meddling." Mary said mildly , "I"m just curious."
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单选题The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.
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单选题Hair Detectives Scientists have found a way to use hair to figure out where a person is from and where that person has been. The finding could help solve crimes, among other useful applications. Water is central to the new technique. Our bodies break water down into its parts: hydrogen (氢) and oxygen. Atoms (原子) of these two elements end up in our tissues and hair. But not all water is the same. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms can vary in how much they weigh. Different forms of a single element are called isotopes (同位素). And depending on where you live, tap water contains unique proportions of the heavier and lighter isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen. Might hair record these watery quirks (古怪举动;怪癖)? That"s what James R. Ehleringer, an environmental scientist at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, wondered. To find out, he and his colleagues collected hair from barbers and hair stylists (发型师) in 65 cities in 18 states across the United States. The researchers assumed that the hair they collected came from people who lived in the area. Even though people drink a lot of bottled water these days, the scientists found that hair overwhelmingly (压倒性的) reflected the concentrations of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in local tap water. That"s probably because people usually cook their food in the local water. What"s more, most of the other liquids people drink including milk and soft drinks contain large amounts of water that also come from sources within their region. Scientists already knew how the composition of water varies throughout the country. Ehleringer and colleagues combined that information with their results to predict the composition of hair in people from different regions. One hair sample used in Ehleringer"s study came from a man who had recently moved from Beijing, China, to Salt Lake City. As his hair grew, it reflected his change in location. The new technique can"t point to exactly where a person is from, because similar types of water appear in different regions that span a broad area. But authorities can now use the information to analyze hair samples from criminals or crime victims and narrow their search for clues (线索).
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单选题The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.  A. fresh  B. hot  C. heavy  D. windy
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单选题"I'm not meddling," Mary said Umildly/U. "I'm just curious."
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单选题 阅读下面的短文,文中有15处空白,每处空白给出了4个选项,请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 {{B}}Vienna{{/B}} Vienna was one of the music centers of Europe during the classical period, and Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were all active there. As the seat of the Holy Roman Empire (which included parts of present-day Austria, Germany, Italy, Hungary, Czech and Slovakia), it was a{{U}} (51) {{/U}}cultural and commercial center{{U}} (52) {{/U}}a cosmopolitan character. Its population of al most 250, 000 (in 1800) made Vienna the fourth largest city in Europe. All three{{U}} (53) {{/U}}masters were born elsewhere, but they were drawn to Vienna to study and to seek{{U}} (54) {{/U}}. In Vienna, Haydn and Mozart became close friends and influenced each other’s musical{{U}} (55) {{/U}}Beethoven traveled to Vienna at sixteen to play for Mozart; at twenty-two, he returned to study with Haydn. Aristocrats from all over the Empire spent the winter in Vienna, sometimes bringing their private{{U}} (56) {{/U}}. Music was an important part of court life, and a good orchestra was a{{U}} (57) {{/U}}of prestige. Many of the nobility were excellent musicians. Much music was heard in private concerts where aristocrats and wealthy commoners played{{U}} (58) {{/U}}professional musicians. Mozart and Beethoven often earned money by performing in these intimate concerts. The nobility{{U}} (59) {{/U}}hired servants who could{{U}} (60) {{/U}}as musicians. An advertisement in the Vienna Gazette of 1789{{U}} (61) {{/U}}: “Wanted, for a house of the gentry, a manservant who knows how to play the violin well.” In Vienna there was also outdoor music, light and popular in{{U}} (62) {{/U}}. Small street bands of wind and string players played at garden parties or under the windows of people{{U}} (63) {{/U}}to throw{{U}} (64) {{/U}}money. Haydn and Mozart wrote many outdoor entertainment{{U}} (65) {{/U}}, which they called divertimentos or serenades. Vienna’s great love of music and its enthusiastic demand for new works made it the chosen city of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven.
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单选题The car was completely written off and the driver seriously injured.
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单选题What does "clear-air turbulence" probably mean? (Paragraph 1)
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单选题Although technically we speak the same language, many British people feel the United Stated to be an Ualien/U culture.
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单选题Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the driver's seat, starts up the car and heads to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him. But even if he hadn't stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isn't real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isn't really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University (ODU) examine how in vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel. The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are too distracting—or whether any distractions are offset by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations. "We are looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers," said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor leading the research, which involves measuring drivers' reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual cues. The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy, light traffic. Preliminary results show that as people "get into more challenging driving situations, they don't have any extra mental energy to respond to something else in the environment," Baldwin said. But the tradeoffs could be worth it, she said. The next step is to test different ways of giving drivers navigational information and how those methods change the drivers' mental workload. "Is it best if they see a picture... that shows their position, a map kind of display?" Baldwin said. "Is it best if they hear it?" Navigational systems now on the market give point by point directions that follow a prescribed route. "They're very unforgiving," Baldwin said. "If you miss a turn, they can almost seem to get angry." That style of directions also can be frustrating for people who prefer more general instructions. But such broad directions can confuse drivers who prefer route directions. Baldwin said. Perhaps manufacturers should allow drivers to choose the style of directions they want, or modify systems to present some information in a way that makes sense for people who prefer the survey style, she said. Interestingly, other research has shown that about 60 percent of men prefer the survey style, while 60 percent women prefer the route style, Baldwin said. This explains the classic little thing of why men don't like to stop and ask for directions and women do, Baldwin added.
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