单选题Online gambling is lawful in Nevada.

单选题More about Alzheimer"s Disease Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identity people with Alzheimer"s disease and may ultimately allow physicians to predict who is at risk of getting this neurological (神经病学的) disorder. The only current means of diagnosing the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia. "Since Alois Alzheimer described the disease nearly a century ago, people have been trying to find a way to accurately diagnose it in its early stages," said Patricia Grady, acting director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda, Maryland. "This discovery, if confirmed, could prove a big step forward in our efforts to deal with and understand the disease." Alzheimer"s is the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people, affecting between 2.5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function, and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment for the disease. Researchers discovered that the skin cells of Alzheimer"s patients have defects that interfere with their ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells. The fact that the cell defects are present in the skin suggests that Alzheimer"s results from physiological changes throughout the body, and that dementia may be the first noticeable effect of these changes as the defects affect the cells in the brain, scientists said. The flow of potassium is especially critical in cells responsible for memory formation. The scientists also found two other defects that affect the cells" supply of calcium, another critical element. One test developed by researches calls for growing skin cells in a laboratory culture and then testing them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that govern the flow of potassium are open. Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature. A spokesman for the Alzheimer"s Association said that if the validity of the diagnostic test can be proven it would be an important development, but he cautioned that other promising tests for Alzheimer"s have been disappointing.

单选题 Natural Medicine Since earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. We know this because humans have survived. Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out completely. They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的) instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment. Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do they have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are treated. And diseases are often cured, how? By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的). Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical, however. Through the centuries, tribal (部落的) medicine men experimented with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the cure for some of today's' most serious diseases. Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care. These natural medicines are used not just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas, few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store. Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources, especially plants. Some experts say more than 25% of modern medicines come, in one way or another, from nature. Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive. So scientists' interest in traditional medicine is not new. But it has become an urgent concern. This is because the earth's supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly.

单选题The boy is too young to discriminate right from wrong. A. infer B. access C. distinguish D. recognize

单选题Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more (1) to go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital. The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analysed the (2) of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army. The study shows a clear link (3) good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for (4) thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a (5) in the results for the IQ test, and not strength. "Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung (6) and that your brain gets plenty of (7) , " says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. "This may be one of the reasons (8) we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular (9) . We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important. " By analysing data for twins, the researchers have been (10) to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a (11) IQ. "We have also shown that those youngsters who (12) their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance," says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. "This being the case, physical (13) is a subject that has an important place in schools, and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects. " The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests (14) national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in (15) . Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education, and many secured more qualified jobs.

单选题The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident.

单选题In 1837, to the age of seventeen, Florence Nightingale decided to become a nurse, (51) horrified her dear mother. In (52) days, nurses were little more than doormen, and hospitals were places of dirtiness and (53) . Nightingale pressed on and in 1853 she became president (54) a small London hospital. She went on to the Crimea when war (55) there between Britain and Russia. She (56) the first of what we now know (57) war hospitals: sanitary, safe, and stocked with supplies. Her tireless ministrations (照料) to the (58) soldiers made her famous all (59) the world. Following the War, Nightingale (60) fame and continued to train nurse, ever battling (61) what she herself declared "a commonly received idea.., that it requires nothing (62) a disappointment in love, or incapacity in other things, to turn a woman (63) a good nurse. "Since 1921, her birthday (64) the centerpiece of National Hospital Week, (65) in British and Americanhospitals with special exhibitions, workshops, and publicity drives.

单选题The dentist has decided to {{U}}extract{{/U}} her bad tooth. A. take out B. break off C. push in D. dig up

单选题Can we {{U}}resume{{/U}} the meeting? A.stop B.begin C.start D.continue

单选题Tryouts for community orchestras are frequently judged by committees.A. AdvertisementsB. AuditionsC. PerformancesD. Novelties

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}Pushbike Peril{{/B}} Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure — or even kill — children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars. So a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer. Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents. "The task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures," she says. By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able tog reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injuries. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over5. To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degrees — but their momentum forces them into the end of the handlebars. The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen6. The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. The group hopes to commercialize the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. "But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturers were unaware of the problem," says Arbogast. The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design. A decision is expected later this year.

单选题Covering the Cost All by Himself University life is in no way cheap in Canada. It costs Peter Kemp, a computer science major at the British Columbia Institute of Technology in Vancouver, C $18,000 a year. Amazingly, the 21-year-old is covering the cost by himself. For the past three years, Kemp has done a range of part-time jobs to pay for his tuition and living expenses. Last semester alone, he worked five jobs for 32—40 hours a week. Life is busy, but Kemp enjoys it. "Doing part-time jobs gives me economic independence," said Kemp, who will begin his senior year this fall. "Having economic independence gives me the ability to take control of my life and make my own decisions," said Kemp. "It has also helped me understand the value of money." Among Kemp"s five jobs last semester, two were on campus. For one, he helped maintain the university"s computer labs. For the other, he worked at the IT service desk to help students and teachers solve their computer problems. He also worked for a small company that develops GPS systems. This job paid him well at C $27 an hour. "These jobs made me put what I"ve learned in university to practical use," Kemp said. "I accomplished creative and imaginative tasks by applying my abilities to the work." Good time management skills help Kemp balance work and study. He"s a top student in his class. And he will be the student association chairman for his department beginning next semester. It"s a position that he has desired for a long time. "It will give me the opportunity to be the voice for my fellow students and make a difference," says Kemp. "I believe one of the key secrets to juggling (应对) everything is to avoid putting off tasks. This can leave you stressed and reduce the quality of your work and health," he said. "I often make a list of the things I need to do each day and rank them by their importance. The list helps me decide what task I should do first and when I should complete it. Remember to ask for help when you think you can"t finish something on time, or can"t finish it by yourself."

单选题Cosmetic Surgery Surgery that can improve the way a person looks is becoming more and more popular in the United States. This kind of surgery is called cosmetic surgery, and both men and women are turning to this treatment as a way of keeping their appearance young as well as keeping competitive (有竞争力的) in their jobs. Men especially are beginning to turn to face-lifts(面部拉皮手术), liposuction (taking fat out of the body), and implants (putting artificial parts into their bodies) to help them look younger. As companies downsize (缩编) and move younger employees into higher positions, older employees in their late forties and early fifties feel the need to look and act younger in order to stay competitive. These operations are not without dangers, however. One young woman had an eye operation to get rid of the bags under her eyes; she described her experience as terrible. She said, "When he started cutting, I was fully awake. Even though he"d given me an injection near my eyes, I saw everything." She went on to explain, I knew I had to keep still because of what he was doing. He was scraping (刮) away fat underneath my eyes. It took about ten minutes. After he finished, "I felt I couldn"t walk. I was so faint." Her troubles did not end after the operation for two weeks. Her eyes were swollen (肿胀的) and almost completely closed, and even dark glasses could not hide the side effects of the operation. Liposuction, taking fat out of the body, is probably the most popular cosmetic operation in the United States. It seems simple enough. First, a small cut is made over the place where the patient wants the fat removed. Next, a small pipe is put into the cut. A machine like a vacuum cleaner is then used to suck the fat out of the body. However, as one doctor explained, some problems call happen after the operation. He warned，irregular lumps and loose skin can reset from this operation. "If it is not evenly done. liposuction can produce a very lumpy result." Patients often must have more liposuction to correct the problem.

单选题Stomach Ulcer Stomach ulcers are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people. Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can harm the tissue in the stomach, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach. This pain often is called heart burn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H. Pillorie. H. Pillorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say the discovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts of Africa. Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulcer if his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.

单选题For young children, getting dressed is a complicated business.

单选题She sat by the lamp, mending one of her son's shirts.A. foldingB. repairingC. makingD. cleaning

单选题When the lorry drove past, the exhaust pipe {{U}}belched{{/U}} dense petrol fumes.

单选题The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle.

单选题Don't fail to get medical attention for a jolt of electricity (for instance, from lightning, a power line, or home electrical cords), even if no damage is evident. An electrical bum can cause invisible (and serious) injury deeper inside the body. More than 500 Americans die every year from electrical burns. Do go to the ER immediately. Be sure to get medical attention for electrical burns even if there is no obvious damage because.A. there might be an invisible injury deeper inside the body.B. many Americans die each year from electrical burns.C. lightning is too much for a person to endure.D. electrical bums will always lead to serious injury inside the body.

单选题Blend the sugar, eggs, and flour.