单选题Genetics is the study of the biological factors that influence heredity and determine variation in living things.

单选题Study Confirms Red Meat Link with Bowel(肠) Cancer People who eat more than 160 grams of red or processed meat a day are 35 percent more likely to develop bowel cancer than those who eat less 31 20 grams a day, according to one of the biggest nutrition investigations ever carried out. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition followed 478,040 men and women 32 35 to 70 from 10 European countries. All subjects were free of cancer at enrollment between 1992 and 1998, but 33 an average follow-up of almost 5 years 1,329 bowel cancers had been reported. The subsequent analysis, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, confirms the long-held suspicion 34 high intakes (纳入量) of red meat are associated with increased bowel 35 risk. After taking into consideration factors like age, sex, height, weight, energy intake physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption, the investigators found that bowel cancer was 36 with intake of red and processed meat but not chicken. Risk of bowel cancer dropped with increasing intake of fish. Eating more than 80 grams a day of fish was associated 37 a 31 percent reduction in risk compared with eating less than 10 grams a 38 Subjects with high red meat and low fish intake were at 63 percent higher risk of bowel cancer compared with subjects with low red meat and high fish 39 . In addition, the risk of developing the disease was increased for 40 people who ate a low fiber diet. Sheila Bingham, study investigator at the UK"s Medical Research Council nutrition unit, said, "People have suspected for some time that high levels of red and processed meat 41 risk of bowel cancer, but this is one of the largest studies worldwide and the first from Europe of this type to show a 42 relationship." Study coordinator, Elio Riboli, 43 the World Health Organization International Agency for research into cancer, said, "Other risk factors for 44 cancer include obesity (肥胖) and lack of physical activity. Smoking and excess alcohol may also play a 45 . These factors were all taken into account in the analysis."

单选题The room is dim and quiet.

单选题It seems that only Mary is eligible for the job.

单选题 Cigars Instead Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip, tongue, mouth and throat, according to a government study. Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus, and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx (voice-box) six-fold, say researchers at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland. In addition, the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers. The health effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article Cigars. Health Effects and Trends. The researchers report that, compared with a cigarette, a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines. "This article provides clear and invaluable information about the disturbing increase in cigar use and the significant public health consequences for the country," said Dr. Richard Klausner, director of the National Cancer Institute, in a statement. "The data are clear—the harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke, like cigarettes, are associated with the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases," he added. "In other words, cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes and may be addictive." "To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars, our advice is—don't. To those currently smoking cigars, quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer, heart and lung disease risks," warned Klausner. According to a National Cancer Institute press release, there haven't been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events, but "...a significant body of evidence clearly demonstrates an increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke."

单选题Through a {{U}}mixture{{/U}} of greed and intelligence, he has become the biggest landowner in the whole district.

单选题Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment .

单选题If a company is paying Jersey or Guernsey income tax, the Authorities will require the filing of amounts to substantiate the assessable profit.A. subscribeB. showC. displayD. prove

单选题No one knows the exact origin of this custom.

单选题Migrant Workers In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. (1) some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the case in the Middle East, (2) increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to (3) outsiders to improve local facilities. (4) the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, (5) South Korea and Japan. In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, it is not (6) that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least (7) money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction. An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it. This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them. Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage. (8) , the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other (9) safety and comfort. (10) , many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly (11) the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions (12) problems rather than do routine work in their home country. One major problem which (13) migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. (14) , migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of the (15) financial benefits which they receive.

单选题People who care for those most vulnerable to the influenza infection needn't get flu shots.

单选题The same principles of education, prevention and early treatment can apply to mental health as well. One in 20 Americans over age 12 reported feeling depressed in 2006, with non -Hispanic blacks making up the largest percentage. Although 80% of Americans admitted that their symptoms interfered with their ability to work, only 29% had contacted a mental - health professional. Recent improvements in screening at primary -care facilities, one of the goals set by Healthy People 2010, may help address this problem: while 62% of primary - care facilitiesprovided treatment for mental disorders in 2000, 74% do so now. Which of the following is true?A. 74% of primary - care facilities provided treatment for mental disorders in 2006.B. 5% Americans over age 12 said they felt depressed in 2006.C. 80% of Americans with mental problems consulted mental--health professionals.D. 29% of Americans reported interference of their symptoms with their work.

单选题Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A. excited B. supported C. inspired D. directed

单选题 Sleep Lets Brain File Memories To sleep. Perchance to file? Findings published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences further support the theory that the brain organizes and stows memories formed during the day while the rest of the body is catching zzz's. Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed the brain waves of sleeping rats and mice. Specifically, they examined the electrical activity emanating from the somatosensory neocortex (an area that processes sensory information) and the hippocampus, which is a center for learning and memory. The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regions appear to be intertwined. So-called sleep spindles (bursts of activity from the neocortex) were followed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampus known as ripples. The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regions is a key step in memory consolidation. A second study, also published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, links age-associated memory decline to high glucose levels. Previous research had shown that individuals with diabetes suffer from increased memory problems. In the new work, Antonio Convit of New York University School of Medicine and his collaborators studied 30 people whose average age was 69 to investigate whether sugar levels, which tend to increase with age, affect memory in healthy people as well. The scientists administered recall tests, brain scans and glucose tolerance tests, which measure how quickly sugar is absorbed from the blood by the body's tissues. Subjects with the poorest memory recollection, the team discovered, also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance. In addition, their brain scans showed more hippocampus shrinkage than those of subjects better able to absorb blood sugar. "Our study suggests that this impairment may contribute to the memory deficits that occur as people age," Convit says. "And it raises the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance could reverse some age-associated problems in cognition." Exercise and weight control can help keep glucose levels in check, so there may be one more reason to go to the gym.

单选题That mysterious island has always fascinated me.

单选题His motive for working hard is that he needs money.A. motivationB. activeC. motionD. nature

单选题Ulcers Even though ulcers appear to run in families, lifestyle plays more of a role than genetic factors in causing the illness, according to a report in the April 13th Journal of Internal Medicine . In particular, smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain-releasing medicines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing an ulcer. Overall, 61% of ulcer risk appears to be due to environmental factors, such as smoking, and the remaining 39% is due to genes according to Dr.Ismo Raiha of the University of Turky and colleagues at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Some researchers had suggested that families may spread Helicobacteria pylori, the bacteria that can cause ulcers. However, the new study suggests this is unlikely, according to the report. Raiha and colleagues studied data from more than 13,000 pairs of twins "to examine the roles of genetic and environmental factors in the origin of peptic ulcer disease," they explain. Both twins were more likely to develop an ulcer if the pair were genetically the same as compared with a pair of fraternal twins, suggesting that there must be some genetic susceptibility to ulcer development. However, the risk was no greater in twins living together compared with twins living apart, suggesting that shared exposure to H. pylori was not to blame. "Environment effects were not due to factors shared by family members, and they were related to smoking and stress in men and the use of analgesics in women," the authors wrote. "The minor effects of shared environment to disease liability do not support the concept that the grouping of risk factors, such as H. pylori infection, would explain the genetic factor of peptic ulcer disease," they concluded.

单选题{{U}}Practically{{/U}} all animals communicate through sounds

单选题Cosmetic surgery is more popular in the US than anywhere else.

单选题Foreign money can be {{U}}converted{{/U}} into the local currency at this bank,