单选题I know you have made all the arrangements for the conference.A. appointmentsB. preparationsC. suggestionsD. ways

单选题Jack eventually Uovertook/U the last truck.

单选题They always mock me because I am ugly.

单选题Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements. Australian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel. Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel. Among the pair"s possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors. As usual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm"s Karolinska Institute. Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden"s central bank. Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research. Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor (US $ 1.3 million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists. "Individual researchers probably don"t look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when they"re at work," Jornvall told The Associated Press. "They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions." In 2006,Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.

单选题After making observations for a week in the plant, the industrial engineer made a number of very constructive suggestions in an oral report to the manager. A. careful B. cautious C. deserved D. helpful

单选题Our statistics show that we {{U}}consume{{/U}} all that we are capable of producing:

单选题 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 {{B}}Many Children's Deaths Preventable: WHO{{/B}} Over five million children die each year from disease, infections and accidents related{{U}} (51) {{/U}}their environment although many of these deaths are largely preventable, says the World Health Organization. On Monday, the WHO asked governments and citizens around the world to take action to create healthy{{U}} (52) {{/U}}for children as it celebrated World Health Day. "The biggest threats to children's health lurk (潜藏) in the very{{U}} (53) {{/U}}that should be safest - home, school and community, said Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, director-general of the WHO at the day's launch in New Delhi, India. "Every child has the right to{{U}} (54) {{/U}}up in a healthy home, school and community. The future development of our children — and of their world — depends on{{U}} (55) {{/U}}enjoying good health now. We have their future in our{{U}} (56) {{/U}}. Now we must work more effectively together to{{U}} (57) {{/U}}the risks from the environment which our children face," Brundtland said. This year's theme, "Healthy Environments for Children" focuses on the many dangers{{U}} (58) {{/U}}by children in and around the places where they live and play. These include inadequate access to safe{{U}} (59) {{/U}}water and sanitation (卫生设备), insect-borne diseases, air pollution, chemical hazards and injuries from traffic, falls, burns and drownings. Communities around the world organized events to promote awareness of children's health issues, {{U}}(60) {{/U}}included drawing contests for schoolchildren in Vietnam, street plays in India, puppet (木偶) shows in Namibia and professional lectures for policy makers in Germany and elsewhere. Activities also took{{U}} (61) {{/U}}in cities across Canada on Monday, including Calgary, Montreal, Halifax and Ottawa. Although children under five represent only 10 per cent of the world's population, they bear 40 per cent of the global disease{{U}} (62) {{/U}}, says the WHO. And as much as one-third of the total burden of disease may be caused by environmental{{U}} (63) {{/U}}. World Health Day has been celebrated on April 7th{{U}} (64) {{/U}}1950. Each year the WHO chooses a theme to highlight areas of particular concern. Last year's{{U}} (65) {{/U}}, Move for Health, focuses on promoting physical activity as part of healthy living.

单选题HIV Vaccine Reduces Infection The vaccine -a combination of two earlier experimental vaccines -was given to 16,000 people in Thailand. Researchers found that it reduced by nearly a third the risk of contracting HIV, the virus that lcads to Aids. It has been hailed as a significant, scientific: breakthrough, but a global vaccine is still some way off. The study was carried out by the US army and the Thai government over seven years on volunteers - all HIV - negative men and women aged between 18 and 30 - in parts of Thailand. Half of the volunteers were given the vaccine, while the other half were given a placebo - and all were given counselling on HIV/Aids prevention. Participants were tested for HIV infection every six months for three years. The results found that the chances of catching HIV were 31.2% less for those who had taken the vaccine - with 74 people who did not get the vaccine infected and 51 of the vaccinated group infected. The vaccine is based on B and E strains of HIV that most commonly circulate in Thailand not the C strain which predominates in Africa. "This result is tantalisingly encouraging. The numbers are small and the difference may have been due to chance, but this finding is the first positive news in the Aids vaccine field for a decade," said Dr Richard Horton, editor of the Lancet medical joumal. "We should be cautious, but hopeful. The discovery needs urgent replication and investigation. " Dr Anthony Fauci, director of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases said: "For the first time, an investigational HIV vaccine has demonstrated some ability to prevent HIV infection amorig vaccinated individuals. " "Additional research is needed to better understand how this vaccine regimen reduced the risk of HIV infection, but this is certainly an encouraging advance for the HIV vaccine field. " The findings were hailed by the World Health Organization (WHO)and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/Aids (UN/Aids). They said while the results were" characterised as modestly protective... [they] have instilled new hope in the HIV vaccine research field".

单选题The original application card has gone astray.A. newB. includedC. outdatedD. lost

单选题Tom searched his pockets looking for the keys.A. went onB. was afterC. went throughD. cleared up

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} Computer Needs Emotion The next big breakthrough in artificial intelligence could come from giving machines not just more logical capacity, but emotional capacity as well. Feeling aren't usually associated with inanimate(无生命的) machines, but Posalind Picard, a professor of computer technology at MIT, believes emotion may be just the thing computes need to work effectively. Computers need artificial emotion both to understand their human users better and to achieve self-analysis and self-improvement, says Picard. "If we want computers to be genuinely intelligent, to adapt to us, and to interact naturally with us, then they will need the ability to recognize and express emotions, to have emotions, and to have what has come to be called emotional intelligence. " Picard says. One way that emotions can help computers, she suggests, is by helping keep them from crashing. Today's computers produce error messages, but they do not have a "gut feeling" of knowing when something is wrong or doesn't make sense. A healthy fear of death could motivate a computer to stop trouble as soon as it starts. On the other hand, self-preservation would need to be subordinate to service to humans. It was fear of its own death that promoted RAL, the fictional computer in the film 2002:A Space Odyssey, to extermine (消灭) most of its human associates. Similarly, computers that could "read" their users would accumulate a store of highly personal information about us-not just what we said and did, but what we likely thought and felt. "Emotion not only contributes to a richer quality of interaction, but they directly impact a person's ability to interact in an intelligent way, " Picard says, "Emotional skills, especially the ability to recognize and express emotions, are essential for natural communication with humans. "

单选题 What Is Cancer? Cancer is actually a group of many related diseases that all have to do with cells. Cells are the very small units that make up all {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}things, including the human body. There are billions of cells {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}each person's body. Cancer happens when cells that are not normal grow {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}spread very fast. Normal body cells grow and divide and know when to stop growing. Over time, they also die. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}these normal cells, cancer cells just continue to grow and divide out of control and don't die. Cancer cells usually group together to form tumors (肿瘤). A growing tumor becomes a lump of cancer cells {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}can destroy the normal cells around the {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}and damage the body's healthy tissues. This can make someone very {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Sometimes cancer cells break away from the original tumor and travel to other areas of the {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}, where they keep growing and can go on to form new tumors. This is how cancer {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The spread of a tumor to a new place in the body is {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}metastasis (转移). People with cancer may feel pretty sick at times—but can usually still do lots of normal things. {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}they are very sick, kids and teenagers with cancer may still be able to go to school. They may be tired or bruise (出现青肿) easily, but they {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}sometimes go to camp, movies, and sleepover (在外过夜的) parties. People with cancer still like the same things they did {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}they got sick. Cancer in kids is rare—but today, many kids who do get cancer go on living normal lives. The number of kids who beat cancer goes {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}every year because of new cancer treatments. So a lot of kids with cancer will some day drive cars, go to college, have careers, and even get {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}and have families of their own.

单选题Visit your doctor for regular checkups. During a checkup your doctor can give you tests and check your health. Many serious health problems are found during a regular checkup. So don't go to the doctor only when you are sick. See the doctor once a year for a checkup. Spend time with friends and family. We all need to enjoy our life with others. Your friends and family will make you feel good. If you feel good, you will stay healthy ! So make time for your loved ones. During a checkup, according to the first paragraph, the doctor willA. give you tests and check your health.B. give advice how to stay healthy.C. give a through test on your mental health.D. give a questionnaire to the patient.

单选题The policeman asked him to identify the thief. A. name B. distinguish C. capture D. separate

单选题 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor{{/B}} Nanotechnology uses matter at the level of molecules and atoms. Researchers are finding different uses for particles with a length of one nanometer, or one-billionth of a meter. These include things like beauty products and dirt-resistant clothing. But one area where many experts believe nanotechnology holds great promise is medicine. Last week, speakers at a program in Washington discussed using nanotechnology to improve health care in developing countries. The program took place at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Peter Singer at the University of Toronto says a nanotechnology called quantum dots could be used to confirm cases of malaria. He says it could offer a better way than the traditional process of looking at a person's blood under a microscope. In poor countries, this process is often not followed. As a result, sick people may get treated for malaria even if they do not have it. Such misuse of medicines can lead to drug resistance. Quantum dots are particles that give off light when activated. Researchers are studying ways to program them to identify diseases by lighting up in the presence of a targeted molecule. Experts say nanotechnology shows promise not just for diagnosing diseases, but also for treating them. Piotr Grodzinski of the National Institutes of Health talked about how nanotechnology could make drugs more effective. He talked about cancer drugs already developed with nanotechnology. He says if a drug can target a cancer locally in the body, then much less of it might be needed, and that means lower side effects. Andrew Maynard is chief scientist for the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies at the Woodrow Wilson Center. He noted that Brazil, India, China and South Africa are currently doing nanotechnology research that could help poor countries. But he also noted that there is some risk in using nano-materials. He says nanometer-sized particles behave differently in the body and the environment compared to larger particles. Experts say more investment in research is needed to better understand these risks.

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} Drug Reactions--a Major Cause of Death Adverse drug reactions may cause the deaths of over 100,000 US hospital patients each year, making them a leading cause of death nationwide, according to a report in the Journal of the American Medical Association. "The incidence of serious and fatal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in US hospitals was found to be extremely high. " say researchers at the University of Toronto in Ontario, Canada. They carried on an analysis of 39 ADR-related studies at US hospitals over the past 30 years and defined an ADR as "any harmful, unintended, and undesired effect of a drug which occurs at doses used in humans for prevention, diagnosis, or therapy. " An average 6.7% of all hospitalized patients experience an ADR every year, according to the researchers. They estimate that " In 1994, overall 2,216,000 hospitalized patients had serious ADRs, and 106,000 had fatal ADRs. " This means that ADRs may rank as the fourth single largest cause of death in America. And these incidence figures are probably conservative, the researchers add, since their ADR, definition did not include outcomes linked to problems in drug administration, overdoses, drug abuse, and therapeutic failures. The control of ADRs also means spending more money. One US study estimated the overall cost of treating ADRs at up to $ 4 billion per year. Dr. David Bates of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, believes that healthcare workers need to pay more attention to the problem, especially since many ADRs are easily preventable. "When a patient develops an allergy or sensitivity, it is often not recorded, " Bates notes, "and patients receive drugs to which they have known allergies or sensitivities with disturbing frequency. " He believes computerized surveillance systems--still works-in-progress at many of the nation's hospitals--should help cut down the frequency of these types of errors.

单选题Only a small minority of the mentally ill are Uliable /U to harm themselves or others.

单选题He often mocks my French accent.

单选题Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others Low-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others, according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences food scientist. The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat. Those conclusions are important because recent, well-publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others, pointed out John Hayes, assistant professor of food science, who was lead investigator on the study. Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat. This study increases understanding of salt preference and consumption. The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks. Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ranging in age from 20 to 40 years. The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes. They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale, ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind. "Most of us like the taste of salt. However, some individuals eat more salt, both because they like the taste of saltiness more, and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food. " said Hayes. "Supertasters, people who experience tastes more intensely, consume more salt than do nontasters. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, and at least for these foods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more. " However, supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese, Hayes noted. "For example, cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented milk, but also bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt," he said. "A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronounced. " Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee, showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste certain chemicals. As a result, Hayes explained, we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists, and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color. "Some people, called supertasters, describe bitter compounds as being extremely bitter, while others, called nontasters, find these same bitter compounds to be tasteless or only weakly bitter. " he said. "Response to bitter compounds is one of many ways to identify biological differences in food preference because supertasting is not limited to bitterness. /

单选题They are still calculating the Uimpact/U of automation on the lives of factory workers.