单选题Since speech is such a familiar activity, it is often regarded as a universal {{U}}endowment{{/U}}.

单选题Lack of Sleep Increases the Risk of Catching a Cold As cold season approaches, many Americans stock up on their vitamin C and Echinacea (紫锥花精油). But fallowing the age -old advice about catching up on sleep might be more important. Studies have demonstrated that poor sleep and susceptibility (易受影响) to colds go hand in hand, and scientists think it could be a reflection of the role sleep plays in maintaining the body's defenses. In a recent study for the Archives of Internal Medicine, scientists followed 153 men and women for two weeks, keeping mack of their quality and duration of sleep. Then, during a five - day period, they quarantined (进行检疫隔离) the subjects and exposed them to cold viruses. Those who slept an average of fewer than seven hours a night, it turned out, were three times as likely to get sick as those who averaged at least eight hours. Sleep and immunity, it seems, are tightly linked. Studies have found that mammals that require the most sleep also produce greater levels of disease - fighting white blood cells--but not red blood cells, even though both are produced in bone marrow (骨髓) and stem from the same precursor (前体物). And researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology have shown that species that sleep more have greater resistance against pathogens (病原体). "Species that have evolved longer sleep durations," the Planck scientists wrote, "appear to be able to increase investment in their immune systems and be better protected. /

单选题In order to improve our standard of living, we have to {{U}}accelerate{{/U}} production. A. involve B. decrease C. speed up D. give up

单选题The transportation of goods and people from place to place continues to gain in efficiency through technology.A. vehiclesB. boxesC. commoditiesD. machines

单选题She exhibited great powers of endurance during the climb.

单选题U.S. Eats Too Much Salt People in the United States consume more than twice the recommended amount of salt, raising their risk for high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, government health experts said on Thursday. They found nearly 70 percent of U.S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt of no more than 1,500mg per day, yet most consume closer to 3,500mg per day. "It"s important to eat less salt. People who adopt a heart healthy eating pattern that includes a diet low in sodium and rich in potassium and calcium can improve their blood pressure," Dr. Darwin Labarthe of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in a statement. "People need to know their recommended daily sodium limit and take action to reduce sodium intake," Labarthe said. The study in CDC"s report on death and disease used national survey data to show that two out of three adults should be consuming no more than 1,500 mg of sodium per day because they are black or over the age of 40—which are considered high-risk groups. Yet studies show most people in the United States eat 3,436 mg of sodium per day, according to a 2005-2006 CDC estimate. Most of the sodium eaten comes from package, processed and restaurant foods. The CDC said it will join other agencies in the Health and Human Services department in working with major food manufacturers and chain restaurants to reduce sodium levels in the food supply. Nationwide, 16 million men and women have heart disease and 5.8 million are estimated to have had a stroke. Cutting salt consumption can reduce these risks, the CDC said.

单选题The architecture is harmonious and no building is over six-storey high.

单选题They all think that the price of personal computers will soon plunge.

单选题Going Back to Its Birthplace No sporting event takes hold of the world"s attention and imagination like the Olympic Games. The football World Cup fascinates fans in Europe and South America; baseball"s World Series is required viewing in North America; and the World Table Tennis Championships attracts the most interest in Asia. But the Olympics belong to the whole world. NOW, after travelling to 17 countries over 108 years, the summer Games are returning to Athens, the place where the first modern Olympics was held. Participation in the Games is looked on not only as an achievement, but also as an honor. The 16 days between August 13 and 29 will see a record—202 countries compete, up from Sydney"s 199. Afghanistan is back, having been banned from Sydney because the Taliban government didn"t let women do sports. There is also a place for newcomers East Timer and Kiribati. A total of 10,500 athletes will compete in 28 sports, watched by 53 million ticket-paying viewers as well as a television audience of 4 billion. Athens is to use its rich history and culture to make the Olympics as special as possible. The Games will open with cycling events which start in front of the Parthenon and Acropolis monuments. The final event will be a historic men"s marathon following the Original route run by Phidippides in 490 B.C. to bring news of victory over the Persians. The ancient stadium at Olympia, first used for the Games nearly three centuries ago, will stage the shot put competitions. And the Panathenian Stadium, where the first modern Olympics was held, is to host the archery (射箭) events. If the well-known ancient sites deliver a great sense of history to the Games, the 39 new venues add a modern touch to the city of Athens. The main Olympic stadium, with a giant glass and steel roof, is the landmark (标志) building of the Olympics. "We believe that we will organize a "magical" Games." said Athens 2004 President Gianna Angelopoulos Daskalaki. "Our history with the Olympic Gaines goes back nearly 3,000 years, and Athens 2004 could be the best ever."

单选题Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock.

单选题Diffusion is the spontaneous spreading of matter caused by the random movement of molecules. A. pattern1ess B. whirling C. constant D. rampant

单选题 U. S. to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in January A study that will cost $3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 U. S. children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January, U. S. health officials said on Friday. Officials from the U. S. government's National Institutes of Health said they hope the study, to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States, can help identify early-life influences that affect later development, with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness. The study will examine hereditary and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health. Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air, water, dust and materials used to construct their residences, the NIH said. Officials said more than $200 million has been spent already and the study is projected to cost $3.2 billion. "We anticipate that in the long term, what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nation's health care costs," Dr. Duane Alexander, who heads the NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, told reporters. The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21. Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth, which has become more common in recent years, according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH, who heads the study: The people taking part will be from rural, urban and suburban areas, from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups, the NIH said.

单选题She has been the subject of massive media coverage.______

单选题It is recommended that diabetics maintain sufficient exercise since otherwise

单选题Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify with a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are. (51) of that parent. The things parents do and say--and the (52) they do and say to them - strongly influence a child' s (53) . However, parents must consistently behave like the type of (54) they want their child to become. A parent' s actions (55) affect the self image that a child forms through identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their (56) will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly (57) qualities in their parents will have difficulty (58) positive qualities in themselves. Children may (59) their self image, however, as they become increasingly (60) by peers groups standards. Isolated events, dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent (61) on a child's behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, (62) , accept the divorce of their parents or a parent's early (63) , But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events as a sign of rejection or punishment. In the same way ,all children are not influenced (64) by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. As in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the (65) of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}Forty May Be the New 30 As Scientists Redefine Age{{/B}} Is 40 really the new 30? In many ways people today act younger than their parents did at the same age. Scientists have defined a new age concept and believe it could explain why populations are aging, but at the same time seem to be getting younger. Instead of measuring aging by how long people have lived, the scientists have factored in how many more years people can probably still look forward to. "Using that measure, the average person can get younger in the sense that he or she can have even more years to live as time goes on," said Warren Sanderson of the University of New York in Stony Brook. He and Sergei Scherbov of the Vienna Institute of Demography (人口统计学) at the Austrian (奥地利的) Academy of Sciences, have used their method to estimate how the proportion of elderly people in Germany, Japan and the United States will change in the future. The average German was 39.9 years old in 2000 and could plan to live for another 39.2 years, according to research reported in the journal Nature on Wednesday. However, by 2050 the average German will be 51.9 years old and will be expected to live another 37.1 years. So middle age in 2050 would occur at around 52 years instead of 40 years as in 2000. "As people have more and more years to live they have to save more and plan more and they effectively are behaving as if they were younger," said Sanderson. Five years ago, the average American was 35.3 years old and could plan for 43.5 more years of life. By 2050, the researchers estimate it will increase to 41.7 years and 45.8 future years. "A lot of our skills, our education, our savings and the way we deal with our health care depend a great deal on how many years we have to live," said Sanderson. This dimension of how many years people have to live has been completely ignored in the discussion of aging so far.

单选题You should cultivate the habit of reading carefully. A. invent B. begin C. initiate D. develop

单选题He was given a present in acknowledgement of his work for the business.A. honourB. realizationC. encouragementD. recognition

单选题If I made {{U}}a mistake{{/U}} ,I will try to remedy it.

单选题Egypt Felled by Famine Even ancient Egypt's mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilisation around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometres to the south was ultimately to blame — and the same or worse could happen today. The ancient Egyptians depended on the Nile's annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons southwards out of Ethiopia would have diminished these floods. Dwindling rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stablise the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment from the White Nile. The Blue Nile mud has a different isotope signature from that of the White Nile. So by analysing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river. Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of the Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4,500 to 4,200 years ago, immediately predates the fall of the Egypt's Old Kingdom. The weakened waters would have been catastrophic for the Egyptians. "Changes that affect food supply don't have to be very large to have a ripple effect in societies, " says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York. Similar events today could be even more devastating, says team member Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D. C. "Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically. /