单选题A study shows that students living in non - smoking dorms are less likely to ______ the habit of smoking.A. make upB. draw upC. turn upD. pick up

单选题The last paragraph tells us that when you are absolutely scared,

单选题Dotting the marshy expanse of the Florida Everglades are little islands known locally as hummocks.

单选题Some People do not Taste Salt Like Others Low-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others, according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences food scientist. The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat. Those conclusions are important because recent, well-publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others, pointed out John Hayes, assistant professor of food science, who was lead investigator on the study. Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat. This study increases understanding of salt preference and consumption. The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks. Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ranging in age from 20 to 40 years. The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes. They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale, ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind. "Most of us like the taste of salt. However, some individuals eat more salt, both because they like the taste of saltiness more, and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food," said Hayes. "Supertasters, people who experience tastes more intensely, consume more salt than do nontasters. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, and at least for these foods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more. " However, supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese, Hayes noted. "For example, cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented milk, but also bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt," he said. "A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronounced. " Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee, showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste certain chemicals. As a result, Hayes explained, we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists, and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color. "Some people, called supertasters, describe bitter compounds as being extremely bitter, while others, called nontasters, find these same bitter compounds to be tasteless or only weary bitter," he said. "Response to bitter compounds is one of many ways to identify biological differences in food preference because supertasting is not limited to bitterness. /

单选题The works of Walt Whitman had a lasting effect on the development of modern American poetry.A. an enduringB. an unknownC. a startlingD. a final

单选题 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}Adaptation of Living Things{{/B}} Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments. Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun's energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have. Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near. Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.

单选题Don"t irritate her—she"s on a short fuse today.

单选题When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn’t resist having a (peep) look.

单选题The manager allocates duties to the clerks.

单选题The latest car model embodies many new improvements. A. consists of B. includes C. makes up D. marks

单选题Sino-Japan Animosity (敌意) Lessens Chinese and Japanese people view each other slightly more positively than last year, according to a survey released on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing. The survey is jointly sponsored by China Daily and Genron NPO (非营利性的组织), a Japanese think tank similar to the American Council on Foreign Relations. It also found overwhelming; agreement in both countries that Sino-Japanese relations were important. The survey is a pan of the Beijing-Tokyo Forum, an annual gathering of senior government officials and representatives from Chinese and Japanese NGOs (非政府组织) designed to improve communication and understanding between the two countries. Conducted every year for five years now, the survey focused on two different groups of people: ordinary citizens, and intellectuals. In China, the intellectual group was comprised mainly of university students from well-known schools like Peking University. In Japan, the "intellectual" group was mainly made up of previous members of Genron NPO. Among ordinary Chinese polled, 35.7 percent said they have "very good" or "relatively good" impressions of Japan, a 5.5-percentage-point increase compared with last year. 45.2 percent of Chinese students had a positive impression of Japan, two percentage points more than last year. Only 26.6 percent of Japanese have a positive impression of China, however. Still, an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country said Sino-Japanese relations were "important" and wanted their leaders to deepen talks and cooperation with each other. But 51.9 percent of ordinary people and 42.4 percent of students in China said they saw no change in relations between the two countries over the last year. In Japan, 64.8 percent of those ordinary people and 53.4 percent of intellectuals surveyed shared the view that there was no improvement in bilateral ties this year. Historical issues and territorial disputes remain two major obstacles to improving bilateral relations, the survey found. What concerns the Chinese most are historical issues, visits by Japanese officials to Yasukuni Shrine (靖国神社), and the Nanjing Massacre (大屠杀). Perceptions on economic and trade relations have improved, though. About 47 percent of ordinary Japanese said China had been "helpful" this year in fighting the global economic crisis, compared with just 30 percent last year. The percent of Japanese intellectuals who said Chinese economic growth was good for Japan increased from 65.8 percent to 81.4 percent this year. Cooperation in East Asian issues, trade and investment, energy, and the environment and climate change top the list of common concerns that people in China and Japan want their leaders to talk about in bilateral (双边的) meetings, the survey found. Civil exchanges were regarded by the most people from the both countries as an important way to improve relations. 90.7 percent of the students and 85.7 percent of the ordinary people in China and 95.8% of intellectuals and 74.8% of the ordinary people in Japan viewed civil exchanges as "important" or "relatively important". Chinese and Japanese both learn about each other's countries mostly through television news and newspapers, the survey found.

单选题Her behavior is extremely {{U}}childish{{/U}}. A. simple B. immature C. beautiful D. pretty

单选题Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices this year.

单选题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。 Suppose you make your parents so happy, they decide to have another baby just like you. It might be flattering(讨人喜欢的), but how would you feel about having a little brother or sister who is also your twin? A laboratory experiment conducted last fall suggests it may someday be possible. For the first time ever, scientists made exact copies, or clones(克隆), of a human embryo. Although the embryos grew for only six days, cloned embryos could theoretically be implanted in a woman's womb(子宫)and develop into normal babies. Or they could be frozen and implanted years later. The scientists developed their cloning technique to make it easier for childless couples to have babies by in vitro(在体外的)fertilization. In this procedure, sperm(精子) from the man fertilizes an egg from the woman in a laboratory dish. In most case, doctors must try implanting several embryos before one stays in the womb. Cloned embryos would give them many more embryos to implant. But the technique could also be used for other purposes. Parents might freeze embryos cloned from their children so that they could be replaced if any of them died. The clones would also be ideal donors if the children needed organ transplants. Another possibility: Childless couples could go to a bank of frozen embryos and choose a child just like one who's already living. Some people are concerned that these couples might pick only beautiful, successful children. The ethical dilemmas(困境)of cloning have not yet been discussed fully because the public assumed it was a long way off. Many people are calling for(要求，提倡)controls on cloning immediately before the practice is abused. What do you think?

单选题Photojournalist Margaret White became famous for her coverage of significant events during the Second World War. A. baggage B. orphanage C. reportage D. usage

单选题Fruit and Vegetable Juices as Beneficial to Health as Fruits and Veggies A. European study has revealed that 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts in reducing risk factors related to certain diseases. The conclusion is the result of the study designed to question traditional thinking that 100 percent juices play a less significant role in reducing risk for both cancer and cardiovascular disease than whole fruits and vegetables. Juices are comparable in their ability to reduce risk compared to their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts, according to several researchers in the United Kingdom who conducted the literature review. The researchers analyzed a variety of studies that looked at risk reduction attributed to the effects of both fiber and antioxidants. As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables. "When considering cancer and coronary heart disease prevention, there is no evidence that pure fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial than whole fruit and vegetables," the researchers said. The researchers added that the positioning of juices as being nutritionally inferior to whole fruits and vegetables in relationship to chronic disease development is "unjustified" and that policies, which suggest otherwise about fruit and vegetable juices, should be re-examined. The researchers who authored the paper suggest that more studies in certain area are needed to bolster their findings. "Although this independent review of the literature is not designed to focus on any particular 100 percent juice, it does go a long way in demonstrating that fruit and vegetable juices do play an important role in reducing the risk of various diseases, especially cancer and cardiovascular disease, " said Sue Taylor. Her opinion is in agreement with the Juice Products Association, a non-profit organization not associated with this research. She added that appropriate amounts of juices should be included in the diet of both children and adults, following guidelines established by leading health authorities. Taylor also points to a large epidemiological study, published in the September 2006 issue of the Journal of Medicine, which found that consumption of a variety of 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices was associated with a reduced risk for Alzheimer's disease. In fact, that study found that individuals who drank three or more servings of fruit and vegetable juices per week had a 76 percent lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease than those who drank juice less than once per week. The study was published in the International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition (2006).

单选题Guests were scared when the bomb exploded.

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}} Sunbath and Skin Cancer{{/B}} In the summer, millions of Americans will offer up their bodies to the sun rays. A tan indicates health and beauty, and most sun worshippers will sacrifice a lot to achieve it, including themselves. With each hour, the sun's ultraviolet (紫外线的) radiation produces irreversible (不可逆的) damage, hastening the development of unsightly wrinkles. And with each year on the beach or rooftop, the sunbather increases his risk of getting skin cancer. Skin cancer is by far the most common form of cancer. An estimated 400,000 new cases will be detected this year in the United States, and almost all of them can be blamed on over-exposure to the sun. Fortunately ,most of these cancers are highly curable. But they can be disfiguring and take time to treat. For that reason, sun worshippers should treat deity with a good deal of awe(敬畏). Sunburn, of course, is the initial hazard posed by UV radiation. Prolonged exposure to UV, however, interferes with the production of collagen fibers in the dermis (真皮层), causing the skin to lose elasticity (弹性) and creating premature wrinkles. Further deterioration (恶化) of the dermis deprives the epidermis (表皮层)of nutrition and causes it to become thin and dry. Cancer is UV's final result. Shortwave radiant energy, especially from the UV-B band, breaks the strands of DNA. Enzymes (酶) work constantly to rearrange the (变异的) DNA into proper sequence, but with repeated UV exposure, the repair process may eventually break down. Then the mutant DNA may produce a colony of cancer cells. But skin cancer may be avoided with a good dose of common sense. People with fair skin and blue eyes who burn easily stand the highest risk. Special danger spots are the parts of the body most constantly exposed to the sun, such as the cheeks, nose, lower lip and the ears. People who have already developed precancerous (癌变前的) lesions (伤害) or had one skin-cancer growth stand a greatly increased chance of developing others. Dermatologists (皮肤科医生) recommend avoiding the sun when it is most intense between 11 a.m. and 3 p. m. Anyone who insists on sunbathing should use a good sun screen. These lotions and salves contain chemicals that block out the burning UV-B radiation while permitting the tanning rays to reach the skin.

单选题Some transplant centers invent "medical problems" to cheat potential kidney donors.

单选题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 {{B}} The Ice Age{{/B}} Twenty thousand years ago, the earth was held in control by relentlessly (不宽容地) probing fingers of ice that drew power from frigid strongholds in the north and crept southwestward to bury forests, fields, and mountains. Landscapes that were violated by the slowly moving glaciers(冰川)would carry the scars of this advance far into the future. Temperatures dropped deeply, and land surfaces in many parts of the world were depressed by the unrelenting weight of the thrusting ice. At the same time, so much was drawn from the oceans to form these huge glaciers that sea levels around the world fell by three hundred and fifty feet, and large areas of the continental shelf became dry land. This period of the Earth's history had come to be called the Ice Age. In all, about eleven million square miles of land were covered with ice. The Ice Age terminated about fourteen thousand years ago when the ice sheets began to retreat. It took about seven thousand years for the ice to retreat to its present level.