单选题The book shows only a superficial understanding of the historical context.

单选题Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum. At the time of the Norman invasion in 1066, it had grown to become one of the largest towns in England. The River Wensum flows by Norwich.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned

单选题 Prolonging Human Life Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birth rates, that has led to the population explosion. Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency (依赖) load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine (饥荒), infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved (饥饿), whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States, many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middleaged (中年) people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often "go on welfare (福利)" if they have a serious illness. When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply "dumping grounds" for the dying in which "care" is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel.

单选题Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible cure for negative stress?

单选题She could fix machine without Ureferring/U to the instructions.

单选题When the lorry drove past, the exhaust pipe belched dense petrol fumes.A. showedB. sentC. broughtD. produced

单选题They agreed to modify their policy.

单选题The Ideal Husband Science now might be able to explain women's fascination with Brad Pitt's face and George Clooney's eyes. Women seem to (51) potential mate by how masculine 男性的) their features are, new research shows. Men with square jaws and well-defined brow ridges are seen as good short-term partners, (52) those with more feminine (女性的) traits such as a rounder face and fuller lips are perceived as better long-term mates. In tbe study by Daniel Kruger at the U.S.'s University of Michigan, 854 subjects viewed a series of (53) head shots that had been digitally changed to exaggerate or minimize masculine traits. They then (54) questions about how they expected the men in the photos to behave. Most participants said that those with more masculine features were (55) to be risky, competitive, and more apt to fight, challenge bosses, cheat on spouses and put less effort into parenting. Those with more feminine (56) were seen as good parents and husbands, hard workers and emotionally supportive mates. But, despite all the negative characteristics, when asked who they would choose for a short-term relationship, women selected the more masculine. (57) men. Brad and George, both chiseled (轮廓清晰的) jaws and well-defined brows, then would be good for a (58) romance, not for something longer. The study was published in the December issue of the U.S. journal Personal Relationships. Kruger said that from an evolutionary perspective, this (59) sense. The key is testosterone(睾丸激素), the hormone responsible (60) the development of masculine facial features and other sexual characteristics. It has been found to affect the body's ability to fight disease: men with high levels of the hormone are typically (61) and healthy traits women want to pass on to their children. However, increased testosterone has also been linked to (62) and violence in relationships. So, these men (63) produce high quality offspring, but they don't always make great parents or faithful mates, Kruger says. The scientific community have (64) skepticism toward physiognomy (观相术) , which links facial characteristics to certain behavioral traits. But Kruger argues that the research is a valuable tool for understanding mating strategies. And, of course, for explaining why Tony Leung and Takeshi Kanesshiro have millions of female (65) It might have to do with their genes. Or something to do with ours.

单选题The professor went into the topic ______ so that we all can understand it.A. in detailsB. at handC. in summaryD. in rum

单选题Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning A device that provides early warning of a landslide by monitoring vibrations in soil is being tested by UK researchers. Tile device could save thousands of lives each year by warning when an area should be evacuated, the scientists say, "such natural disasters are common in countries that experience sudden, heavy rainfall, and can also be triggered by earthquakes and even water erosion". Landslides start when a few particles of soil or rock within a slope start to move, but the early stages can be hard to spot. Following this initial movement, "slopes can become unstable in a matter of hours or minutes," says Nell Dixon at Loughborough University, UK. He says a warning system that monitors this movement "might be enough to evacuate a block of fiats or clear a road, and save lives." The most common way to monitor a slope for signs of an imminent landslide is to watch for changes in its shape. Surveyors can do this by measuring a site directly, or sensors sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground can be used to monitor the shape of a slope. Slopes can, however, change shape without triggering a landslide, so either method is prone to causing false alarms. Now Dixon's team has developed a device that listens for the vibrations caused when particles begin moving within a slope. The device takes the form of a steel pipe dropped into a borehole in a slope. The borehole is filled in with gravel around the pipe to help transmit high-frequency vibrations generated by particles within the slope. These vibrations pass up the tube and are picked up by a sensor on the surface. Software analyses the vibration signal to determine whether a landslide may be imminent. The device is currently being tested in a 6-metre-tall artificial clay embankment in Newcastle, UK. Early results suggest it should provide fewer false positives than existing systems. Once it has been carefully and thoroughly tested, the device could be used to create a complete early-warning system for dangerous slopes. "Locations with a significant risk of landslides could definitely benefit from a machine like this," says Adam Poulter, an expert at the British Red Cross. "As long as it doesn't cost too much." But, Poulter adds that an early-warning system may not be enough on its own. "You need to have the human communication," he says. "Making systems that get warnings to those who need them can be difficult./

单选题A Miracle Cancer Cure Unless you have gone through the experience yourself, or watched a loved one"s struggle, you really have no idea just how desperate cancer can make you. You pray, you rage, you bargain with God, but most of all you clutch at any hope, no matter how remote, of a second chance at life. For a few excited days last week, however, it seemed as if the whole world was a cancer patient and that all humankind had been granted a reprieve. Triggered by a front- page medical news story in the usually reserved The New York Times , all anybody was talking about on the radio, on television, on the Internet, in phone calls to friends and relatives—was the report that a combination of two new drugs could, as The New York Times put it, cure cancer in two years. In a matter of hours patients had jammed their doctors" phone lines begging for a chance to test the miracle cancer cure. Cancer scientists raced to the phones and fax lines to make sure everyone knew about their research too, generating a new round of headlines. The time certainly seemed ripe for a breakthrough in cancer. Only last month scientists at the National Cancer Institute announced that they were halting a clinical trial of a drug called tamoxifen—and offering it to patients getting the placebo—because it had proved so effective at preventing breast cancer (although it also seemed to increase the risk of uterine cancer). Two weeks later came The New York Times" report that two new drugs can shrink tumors of every variety without any side effects whatsoever. It all seemed too good to be true, and of course it was. There are no miracle cancer drugs, at least not yet. At this stage all the drug manufacturer can offer is some very interesting molecules, and the only cancers they have cures so far have been in mice. By the middle of last week, even the most breathless TV talk-show hosts had learned what every scientist already knew: that curing a disease in lab animals is not the same as doing it in humans. "The history of cancer research has been a history of curing cancers in the mouse," Dr. Richard Klausner, head of the National Cancer Institute, told the Los Angles Times. "We have cured mice of cancer for decades--and it simply didn"t work in people."

单选题 People around the globe hit the height of their misery and depression in {{U}}(51) {{/U}}age, a new international study suggests. The finding by British and American researchers was based on an analysis of well-being among approximately 2 million people in 80 nations. With few exceptions, the observation appears to apply across the board, regardless {{U}}(52) {{/U}} gender, culture, geography, wealth, job history, education, and marriage or parental status. "The scientific fact seems to be that happiness and positive mental health follow a giant 'U' {{U}}(53) {{/U}} through life, " said study author Andrew J. Oswald, a professor of economics at Warwick University in Warwickshire, England. "For the average person, it's high when you're 20, and then it slowly falls and bottoms out {{U}}(54) {{/U}} your 40s. But the good news is that your {{U}}(55) {{/U}} health picks up again, and eventually gets back to the high levels of our youth. " The finding was {{U}}(56) {{/U}} on the pooling of several different sources of happiness data, including: two multi-decade happiness/satisfaction surveys (first launched in the 1970s), involving about 500,000 American and Western European men and women; four rounds of the 80-nation "World Values Survey" {{U}}(57) {{/U}} between 1981 and 2004 in North America, Eastern and Western Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and Central and South America; and a 2004—2007 survey {{U}}(58) {{/U}} nearly 1 million Britons. The bottom-line: For most people throughout the world, the highest probability for depression striking is around 44 years of {{U}}(59) {{/U}}. In the United States, however, some as-yet unexplained {{U}}(60) {{/U}} differences were observed, with happiness among men dipping the most in their early 50s, whereas women hit their Nadir around the age of 40. The researchers cautioned that cheerful people tend to live longer than unhappy {{U}}(61) {{/U}}—a fact that might have skewed the overall finding. But they also suggested that evidence of a happiness {{U}}(62) {{/U}} might simply reflect a midlife choice to give up long-held but no longer tenable aspirations, followed by a senior's sense of gratitude for having successfully endured {{U}}(63) {{/U}} others did not. "That said, some might find it helpful simply to understand the general {{U}}(64) {{/U}}of mental health as they go through their own life," said Oswald. "It might be useful for people to realize that if they are {{U}}(65) {{/U}} in their 40s, this is normal, it is not exceptional. And just knowing this might help. "

单选题 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 Walk a Quarter-Mile or Die If you can walk a quarter-mile, odds (可能性) are you have at least six years of life left in you, scientists say. And the faster you can {{U}}(51) {{/U}} it, the longer you might live. While walking is no guarantee of {{U}}(52) {{/U}} or longevity (长寿), a new study found that the ability of elderly people to do the quarter-mile was an "important determinant (决定因素) " in whether or not they'd be {{U}}(53) {{/U}} six years later and how much illness and disability they would endure. "The {{U}}(54) {{/U}} to complete this walk was a powerful predictor of health outcomes. " said study leader Anne Newman of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. " In fact, we {{U}}(55) {{/U}} that the people who could not complete the walk were {{U}}(56) {{/U}} an extremely high risk of later disability and death. " Newman and colleagues recruited nearly 2,700 white and African-American men and women aged 70 to 79 to {{U}}(57) {{/U}} the walk. All the participants were screened and determined to be in relatively {{U}}(58) {{/U}} health, and they had all said they had previously walked that far with no {{U}}(59) {{/U}}. Only 86 percent of them finished, {{U}}(60) {{/U}}. The scientists then monitored the health and mortality of all {{U}}(61) {{/U}} for the next six years. "There was a big gap in health outcomes {{U}}(62) {{/U}} people who could complete the longer walk and people who could not, with the latter being at an extremely high {{U}}(63) {{/U}} of becoming disabled or dying. " Newman said. "What was really surprising is that these people were not {{U}}(64) {{/U}} of how weak they actually were. " Finishing times were found to be crucial, too. Those who completed the walk but were among the slowest 25 percent {{U}}(65) {{/U}} three times greater risk of death than the speedier folks.

单选题Thousandsof people perished in the storm.

单选题He often mocks my French accent.

单选题In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management.

单选题The little boy went to visit his teacher at times.A. some timeB. sometimesC. some timesD. sometime

单选题Common-cold Sense You can't beat it, but you don't have to join it. Maybe it got the name "common cold" because it's more common in winter. The fact is, though, being cold doesn't have anything to do with getting one. Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses，and, at least so far, medical science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one. Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults, because they have more colds than adults--an average of about eight per year. Why do kids seem so much more easily to get colds than their parents? Simple. They haven't had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses. There are more than 150 different cold viruses, and you never have the same one twice. Being infected by one makes you immune to it--but only it. Colds are usually spread by direct contact, not sneezing or coughing. From another person's hand to your hand and then to your nose or eyes in the most common route. The highest concentration of cold viruses anywhere is found under the thumbnails of a boy, although the viruses can survive for hours on skin or other smooth surfaces. Hygiene is your best defense. Wash your hands frequently, preferably with a disinfectant soap, especially when children in your household have colds. But even careful hygiene won't ward off every cold. So, what works when a coughing, sneezing, runny nose strikes? The old prescription of two aspirins, lots of water, and bed rests a good place to start. But you'll also find some of the folk remedies worth trying. Hot mixtures of sugar ( or honey), lemon, and water have real benefits.

单选题In short , I am going to live there myself.

单选题In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently.A. thoughtB. mindC. accountD. memory