单选题Mary said mildly that she was just curious.

单选题{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}Common-cold Sense{{/B}} You can't beat it, but you don't have to join it. Maybe it got the name "common cold" because it's more common in winter. The fact is, though, being cold doesn't have anything to do with getting one. Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses, and, at least so far, medical science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one. Children are the most common way cold Viruses are spread to adults, because they have more colds than adults — an average of about eight per year. Why do kids seem so much more easily to get colds than their parents? Simple. They haven't had the opportunity to become immune to many cold viruses. There are more than 150 different cold viruses, and you never have the same one twice. Being infected by one makes you immune to it — but only it. Colds are usually spread by direct contact, not sneezing or coughing. From another person's hand to your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route. The highest concentration of cold viruses anywhere is found under the thumbnails of a boy, although the viruses can survive for hours on skin or other smooth surfaces. Hygiene is your best defense. Wash your hands frequently, preferably with a disinfectant soap, especially when children in your household have colds. But even careful hygiene won't ward off every cold. So, what works when a coughing, sneezing, runny nose strikes? The old prescription of two aspirins, lots of water, and bed rest is a good place to start. But you'll also find some of the folk remedies worth trying. Hot mixtures of sugar (or honey), lemon, and water have real benefits.

单选题Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics Most older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week, according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday. Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalets Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 per cent, the newspaper reported. This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said. Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II, all more than 60 years of age, exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months. After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked. Associate Professor Dr. Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilization as the healthy non-exercising persons. "This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups. Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes, but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment," Dela was quoted as saying. Insulin isa hormone produced by the pancreas, controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes. Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat, but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise. Most diabetics realize that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise, Dela added.

单选题In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.

单选题Only a small minority of the mentally ill are liable to harm themselves or others.

单选题 Hack The first big-name hackers include Steve Wozniak, Bill Gates and Linus Torvalds, all now highly recognizable names behind many of the computer technologies used today. These early hackers had a love of technology and a compelling need to know how it all worked, and their goal was to push programs beyond what they were designed to do. Back then, the word "hacker" didn't have the negative connotation it has today. The original hacker ethic, rooted out of simple curiosity and a need to be challenged, appears to be dead. The objectives of early hackers are a far cry from the goals of today's hacker. The motivation of the new breed of hackers appears not to be curiosity, or a hunger for knowledge, as it used to be. Instead, most of today's hackers are driven by greed, power, revenge, or some other malicious intent, treating hacking as a game or sport, employing the tools that are readily available via the Internet. The rate of security attacks is actually outpacing the growth of the Internet. This means that something besides the growth of the Internet is driving the rise in security attacks. Here are some realities you should know about: Operating systems and applications will never be secure. New vulnerabilities will be introduced into your environment every day. And even if you ever do get one operating system secure, there will be new operating systems with new vulnerabilities—phones, wireless devices, and network appliances. Employees will never keep up with security polices and awareness. It doesn't matter how much you train and educate your employees. If your employees disregard warnings about the hazards of opening questionable e-mail attachments, how are you going to educate them about properly configuring fire-walls and intrusion detection systems for their PCs? Managers have more responsibility than ever. And on top of the realities listed above, security managers are being asked to support increasing degrees of network availability and access. There are some good security measures you can take- Employ a layer 7, full-inspection firewall. Automatically update your anti-virus at the gateway, server and client. Keep all of your systems and applications updated. Hackers commonly break into a Web site through known security holes, so make sure your servers and applications are patched and up to date. Turn off unnecessary network services. Eliminate all unneeded programs. Scan network for common backdoor services—use intrusion detection systems, vulnerability scans, antivirus protection.

单选题 "Salty" Rice Plant Boosts Harvests British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more. Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University's School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty. The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice. It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind. Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive. To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants' growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use. Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.

单选题We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should.

单选题Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking, said medical experts after a five-year research study. Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger, especially women. According to the Shanghai Tumor Research Institute, more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Following breast cancer, it has the second-highest incidence rate. "An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer," said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center. He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years. Among them, 1, 4:33 were male. Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke, according to the report. However, more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term, close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat. About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women"s bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen. However, local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods. "Unless my family and I don"t eat at home every day, I must stay in the kitchen to cook," said Xu Li, a 45-year-old local woman. "I know the fumes are bad for the skin, but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less." Doctors said women"s lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history, unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems. Other experts agreed with he. "Smoking is the biggest cause of lung cancer for men," said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University"s Medical College. "It"s true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women." He"s research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used. The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time, experts said.

单选题And the cars are tested for {{U}}defects{{/U}} before leaving the factory.

单选题In 1975 the United States Army began to assign women to positions previously classified as having combat status.

单选题 阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 {{B}} How the Body Keeps the Same Temperature{{/B}} The temperature of your body should be always just the same, no matter whether the weather is hot or cold. That is why the doctor uses his thermometer when you are sick. When you are well, your temperature is ninety-eight and six tenths degrees. If he finds it {{U}}(51) {{/U}} than that, it is a sure sign that something is wrong. The body keeps the same temperature all the time, because it balances (平衡) the heat it produces and {{U}}(52) {{/U}} off. It is always burning up food and producing heat. It can produce heat faster when it needs to or give off heat faster when it becomes too warm. Let's see {{U}}(53) {{/U}} this happens. The heat of your body is given off chiefly through the skin. When you are {{U}}(54) {{/U}}, your skin is tight and shows "goose flesh". When you get chilly (寒冷的),you must dance around to keep warm or {{U}}(55) {{/U}} you will shiver (颤抖). {{U}}(56) {{/U}} your muscles begin to work, burn up fuel, and produce more heat. It is not {{U}}(57) {{/U}} to shiver, so you usually prefer warming up by exercise, or put {{U}}(58) {{/U}} more clothes to keep heat in. When you are warm, the skin is loose and soft. It is so supplied {{U}}(59) {{/U}} blood that heat is given off rapidly. If you get too hot, you begin to sweat, and {{U}}(60) {{/U}} body heat is used in evaporating (蒸发) the moisture (潮湿) from your skin. You wear less clothing, too, in warm {{U}}(61) {{/U}} or in a warm room, so that warmth can be given off freely. You feel you don't {{U}}(62) {{/U}} exercising because your body is warm {{U}}(63) {{/U}},and the extra heat produced by exercise makes you uncomfortable. You can see from this why you {{U}}(64) {{/U}} differently in different kinds of weather. In summer, when it is warm, you feel tired and lazy. You do not care to work or play, but enjoy lying and doing nothing. When you get out of doors in winter, the cold air makes you feel {{U}}(65) {{/U}} You want to run and play.

单选题Techniques to harness the energy of the sun are being developed. A. convert B. store C. utilise D. receive

单选题It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job.

单选题John is {{U}}collaborating{{/U}} with Mary in writing an article. A. cooperating B. competing C. combining D. arguing

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}} Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently{{/B}} Male pilots flying general aviation (private) aircraft in the United States are more likely to crash due to inattention or flawed decision-making, while female pilots are more likely to crash from mishandling the aircraft. These are the results of a study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health. The study identifies the differences between male and female pilots in terms of circumstances of the crash and the type of pilots error involved. "Crashes of general aviation aircraft account for 85 percent of all aviation deaths in the United States. The crash rate for male pilots as for motor vehicle drivers, exceeds that of crashes of female pilots," explains Susan P. Baker, MPH, professor of health policy and management at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. "Because pilot youth and inexperience are established contributors to aviation crashes, we focused on only mature pilots, to determine the gender differences in the masons for the crash." The researchers extracted data for this study from a large research project on pilot aging and flight safety. The data were gathered from general aviation crashes of airplanes and helicopters between 1983 and 1997, involving 144 female pilots and 267 male pilots aged 40--63. Female pilots were matched with male pilots in a 1:2 ratio, by age, classes of medical and pilot certificates, state or area of crash, and year of crash. Then the circumstances of the crashes and the pilot error involved were categorized and coded without knowledge of pilot gender. The researchers found that loss of control on landing or takeoff was the most common circumstance for both sexes, leading to 59 percent of female pilots' crashes and 36 percent of males'. Experiencing mechanical failure, running out of fuel, and landing the plane with the landing gear up were among the factors more likely with males, while stalling was more likely with females. The majority of the crashes--95 percent for females and 88 percent for males--involved at least one type of pilot error. Mishandling aircraft kinetics was the most common error for both sexes, but was more common among females(accounting for 81 percent of the crashes) than males (accounting for 48 percent). Males, however, appeared more likely to be guilty of poor decision-making, risk-taking, and inattentiveness, examples of which include misjudging weather and Visibility or flying an aircraft with a known defect. Females, though more likely to mishandle or lose control of the aircraft, were generally more careful than their male counterparts. inattention n.疏忽 flawed adj. 有缺陷的 mishandle v. 瞎弄,乱处理 MPH(Master of Public Health) 公共卫生硕士 stall v. (飞机) 失速, (发动机) 熄火 kinetics n. 动力学

单选题Different While the cities of China have undergone modernization evident in the rising towers and bright lights that have awakened the sleeping country, the countryside remains largely the same. Rectangular rows of rice fields litter the long lanes of water designed to provide the constant supply of water that is vital to producing the crop. The experience is not unlike driving through the American Midwest, only rice not corn dominates the landscape. Four years ago, when I last took this trip, the roads were dust and telephone wires did not run parallel to the highway. Bare roads have been replaced by sleek, newly paved highways running from Shanghai to Nanking, to my smaller, home city, Wuhu. Unlike the changes I had heard of and expected in Shanghai, Wuhu was much more of a surprise. The small city where I was born had grown up as I have. There are large high-rise buildings, each ringed with smaller buildings around it, many of these apartment complexes. Little seemed familiar and I wonder flat built of brick and mortar had become. Perhaps I shouldn't have been surprised to find out that their home had been demolished and rebuilt as a six story apartment complex as well. Walking up to the second floor I saw my grandfather's face peering out of the screen door. He began to smile as he saw me, and so did I. Their home is now no different from a western apartment. Equipped with the modem amenities of a gas stove, a toilet, a shower this was indeed different from four years ago.

单选题Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} Sharing Silence Deaf teenagers Orlando Chavez and German Resendiz have been friends since kindergarten (幼儿园). Together the two boys, who go to Escondido High School in California, have had the difficult job of learning in schools where the majority of the students can speak and hear. Orlando lost his hearing at the age of one. German was born deaf, and his parents moved from Mexico to find a school where he could learn sign language. He met Orlando on their first day of kindergarten. "We were in a special class with about 25 other deaf kids," German remembers. "Before then, I didn't know I was deaf and that I was different. " "Being young and deaf in regular classes was very hard," signs Orlando. "The other kids didn't understand us and we didn't understand them. But we've all grown up together, and today, I'm popular because I'm deaf. Kids try hard to communicate with me. " Some things are very difficult for the two boys. "We can't talk on the phone, so if we need help, we can't call an emergency service," German signs. "And we can't order food in a drive-thru. " Despite their difficulties, the two boys have found work putting food in bags at a local supermarket. They got their jobs through a "workability" program, designed for teenagers from local schools with different types of learning disabilities. German has worked in the supermarket since August, and Orlando started in November. "The other people who work here have been very nice to us," Orlando signs. "They even sign sometimes. At first, we were nervous, but we've learned a lot and we're getting better. " The opportunity to earn money has been exciting, both boys said. After high school, they hope to attend the National Technical Institute for the Deaf in New York.

单选题His sole motive was to make her happy.