填空题A. Urgent Need for Both Donors and Funds B. Shortage of Donors C. Desperate Leukaemia Patients D. Seriousness of the Current Situation E. Shortage of Funds F. Comparison Between Mainland and Hong Kong and Taiwan

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 Surgery is the branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of disease, deformities, or injuries by operations. The doctor who performs the operation is called a surgeon. Every physician has some training in surgery and is qualified to perform simple operations. But surgeons are specially trained so that they have the judgment and skill to perform complicated operations.2. Modern surgery stresses accurate diagnosis of the disease and proper care of the patient before and after the operation. Thus, the surgeon not only needs to know how to perform an operation, but also must have a wide knowledge of anatomy, physiology, chemistry, and pathology. Five to eight years of training after medical school are necessary for physicians to qualify as surgeons.3. A surgical operation is complicated. Many people, medicines, equipment, and techniques help assure the greatest possible safety and comfort for the patient. The elimination of pain, the prevention of infection, and advanced means of diagnosis are all part of modern surgery. A qualified surgical team is essential to the success of both the operation and the patient' s recovery. This team usually consists of a surgeon, at least one assistant, an anesthesiologist, and one or more nurses.4. A surgeon uses many instruments in the course of an operation. These instruments include holders for needles and sponges, clamps to close off blood vessels, and retractors to hold back folds of skin. Sharp instruments include scissors and scalpels. Since the 1970' s, lasers have been used to make delicate cuts in body tissues. Doctors use the high- energy light of the laser to cut tissue by burning fine lines in the skin or other organs.5. A surgeon can remove a long section of diseased intestine and sew the remaining intestinal sections together. The body will function normally after the operation. A kidney, or even a major part of the stomach, can be removed by an operation. In heart surgery, a doctor may replace one of the heart valves with an artificial one. Extensive surgery on the lungs and ribs is often part of the treatment of cancer. Sometimes an en- tire diseased lung is removed. A neurosurgeon can remove brain tumors and repair head injuries. Transplanting organs involves taking a healthy organ from one person and using it to replace the diseased organ in another person. The kidney is a commonly transplant- ed organ. The transplanted tissue must closely match that of the patient, or the patient' s body will reject the new organ.6. In microsurgery, the surgeon operates while viewing the procedure through a microscope or magnifying glass. This technique enables physicians to perform operations on some of the tiniest body structures. For example, surgeons can rejoin extremely small blood vessels and nerves by using this technique. Such surgery has led to the successful reattachment of severed fingers, hands, and even arms and legs. Doctors also use micro- surgery to operate on the delicate structures in the eye, the kidney, the brain, and many other parts of the body.

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有的位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案填在相应的横线上。 {{B}} How One Simple Movement Can Let Slip the Secrets of the Mind{{/B}} Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 per cent of what we really mean while words themselves only express 7 per cent. So, while your mouth is closed, just what is your body saying. Arms.{{U}} (1) {{/U}}If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way.{{U}} (2) {{/U}}If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show you're unhappy! Head. When you want to appear confident, keep your head level. If you are monitor in class, you can also take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously.{{U}} (3) {{/U}} Legs. Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies. If you are at interviews, try to keep them still! Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself.{{U}} (4) {{/U}}This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn Can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable. Mouth. When you are thinking, you often purse your lips. You might also use this position to hold back an angry comment you don't wish to show.{{U}} (5) {{/U}}. Purse vt. 皱缩;皱拢 posture n. 姿势 receptive adj. 善于接受的, 能接纳的 A. If you ale feeling down, you normally don't sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. B. If you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this. C. Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies. D. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. E. However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know you're not pleased. F. However, to be friendly in listening or speaking, you must move your head a little to one side.

填空题 Earthquake 1. Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake. 2. These are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately, however, not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale, which goes from upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8.9. major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upward from 6.0. 3. The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earth's surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons, two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earth's crust and continental drift. 4. In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Special instruments are used to help people record, for example, shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time, location and size of an earthquake. 5. Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be the signs of imminent earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals, the changes in the content of mineral water, etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before earthquakes happen. A. Earthquakes Forecast B. Historical Records of Earthquakes C. Intensities of Earthquakes D. Cause of Earthquakes E. Indications of Earthquakes F. Damaging Earthquakes

填空题A. The Organization of An ArticleB. Check Your Reading SpeedC. A Way to Increase Your Reading SpeedD. Check Your UnderstandingE. Read Something Every DayF. Read Extensively

填空题Ford's higher-wage and lower-cost strategy was. strongly ______.

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 Antibiotics are drugs produced by certain microbes. Antibiotic substances are obtained from bacteria and fungi that live in the air, soil, and water. Most antibiotics are used by physicians to fight various diseases caused by harmful microbes. A few are used to treat certain cancers. Antibiotics are sometimes called" wonder drugs 'because they can cure many diseases that once were often fatal. The number of deaths that are caused by pneumonia and scarlet fever has declined drastically since people began using antibiotics.2. There are more than 70 clinically useful antibiotics, Antibiotics fight pathogenic microbes and cancer cells by interfering with their normal cell processes. In most cases, this interference can occur in one of three ways: prevention of cell wall formation, disruption of the cell membrane, and disruption of chemical processes.3. The contents of bacterial cells are enclosed in a membrane that is surrounded by a rigid wall that prevents the cells from splitting open. Penicillins and some other antibiotics destroy pathogenic microbes by hindering the formation of this wall. Human cells do not have nor need rigid cell walls and so are not damaged by these antibiotics.4. Some antibiotics, including nystatin, disrupt the cell membrane of certain microbes. This membrane controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell. If the membrane is disrupted, vital nutrients may escape from the cell, or poisonous substances may enter and kill the cell. But the membranes of human cells are not affected because these antibiotics disrupt cell membranes that contain elements found only in microbial cells.5. All cells produce proteins and nucleic acids, which are vital to the life of any organism. Some antibiotics fight disease by interfering with the chemical processes by which these substances are produced. For example, streptomycin prevent certain kinds of microbes from producing proteins, and rifampin interferes with the formation of nucleic acids. Human cells produce proteins and nucleic acids in much the same way that microbial cells do. But these processes differ enough so that some antibiotics interfere with chemical activities in microbial cells but not in human cells.

填空题Waste Not, Want Not 1 Bob and Clara Darlington, who own and run a farm in the North of England, have always looked for new ways of making money out of the produce they grow. Their SUCCESS began when they established a shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them. 2 The business was an immediate SUCCESS, and soon scored top marks in a competition set up by the Farm Retail Association to find the best farm shop in the country. The Association's inspectors found the Darlingtons' shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and vegetable. 3 Clara Darlington is a trained chef and, in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local produce, she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she had made herself in the farmhouse kitchen. A small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added, with everything that visitors could taste on the menu also being for sale in the shop. 4 Clara admits that starting the business was expensive, and she has worked very hard, but maintains that if the product is good, the public recognize this and buy it. "I aim to offer the highest quality to our customers, whether they come in for a loaf of bread, or take a whole dinner-party menu. I take it as a compliment if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away with pretending they made it themselves." 5 So it was that the couple realized that they had a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shop. Clara, not wishing to see them get thrown away, decided to turn them into soup. 6 The soup met with the immediate approval of customers to the shop and Clara now produce different varieties. She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail, doing presentations of the soups. As a result, they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class London stores.A. Time well spent is rewardedB. Professional recognition is obtainedC. A necessary alternative to farmingD. Professional skills are exploitedE. Continuing investment in high standardsF. Ensuring that nothing gets wasted

填空题Female leaders face up to crisis 1 During the recession (经济衰退), German Chancellor Angela Merkel, 55, announced a 50-billion-euro stimulus package (经济刺激计划) for her country earlier this year, saying it would boost growth and protect jobs in Europe's biggest economy. The package includes 17-18 billion euros in investment in roads and schools and 9 billion euros in tax cuts for companies and individuals. Critics slarmmed (猛烈抨击) the measure as too little, too late to haul Germany out of a recession. 2 At the end of last year, US President-elect Obama picked Mary Schapiro, 53, a regulator he said was "both smart and tough," to head the Securities and Exchange Commission (证券交易委员会). Soon after taking the post, she merged the regulatory operations of the National Association of Securities Dealers and the New York Stock Exchange to reduce costly duplications. 3 On the first day of last month, Johanna Sigurdardottir, 66, was sworn in as the first female premier of Iceland. Her first act was to rework the cabinet, shrinking it from 12 to 10 seats. "All the ministers in my cabinet must work fast, take firm action and accept responsibility for their actions," Sigurdardottir said, according to the New York Times. 4 Argentine President Cristina Fernandez, 56, is considered a tough female politician. To boost the economy during the international financial crisis, she announced an investment plan at the end of last year worth 71 billion Argentine pesos (135 billion yuan). The investment is mainly intended for the construction industry, schools and houses.A. The Ministers in the CabinetB. German ChancellorC. The First Female Premier of IcelandD. Argentine PresidentE. US PresidentF. Head the Securities and Exchange Commission

填空题 Electromagnetic Energy 1. White light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy. 2. The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space. 3. Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared (红外线的) radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays (紫外线) and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones. 4. Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too. 5. Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed (利用) by man. Chemical energy comes from electron (电子) rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the sun's energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium (氦). 6. Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy. A．Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Sun's Energy B．The Most Important Source of Energy C．Types of Electromagnetic Energy D．X-rays Are Used to Detect and Treat Cancer E．Seeking New Sources of Energy F．Nuclear Energy Is Beginning to Compete with Coal

填空题Ward off Travel Bugs 1. As the holiday season approaches, so does the prospect of jet lag, an upset stomach or sunburn. With care and some help from natural sources, however, it is quite possible to avoid these problems. 2. You can start to prepare a couple of weeks before you leave. Food poisoning will make any holiday miserable, but by taking some medicine such as lactobacillus and bifidobacteria, you can reduce the likelihood of succumbing to poisoning brought on by food or water tainted with unfamiliar bacteria. 3. By improving the bacteria balance in your digestive tract, you crowd out the pathogenic bacteria and stop them gaining a foothold. The beneficial bacteria also produce gentle but effective natural antibiotics in your gut. 4. In many holiday locations you need to remember the basics: drink bottled water, avoid undercooked meat and ensure that food hygiene is adequate. If you do succumb to food poisoning, drink plenty of water to stay hydrated and see a doctor. However, if you detect diarrhea early enough, you might like to try taking about 10 or 15 pancreatic digestive enzymes, which can digest the multiplying bacteria before they take over. 5. Taking a teaspoon of silicol gel can also help. This lines the stomach and upper intestinal area and binds with bacteria and viruses, allowing them to be safely passed out of the gut. When you pack, include grapefruit-seed extract, which is an excellent all-round anti-bacterial. antiparasitic, anti-viral and anti-fungal agent. 6. Your flight can also be made more pleasant. Peppermint oil and ginger capsules ward off motion sickness, but a more delicious option is to nibble on crystallized ginger. If you tend to get earache on take-off and landing, you can use special earplugs with filler that slows down the rate of change in air pressure. 7. The greatest concern is "economy class syndrome", the popular name for deep-vein thrombosis, which can lead to blood clots traveling from the legs to the lungs, heart or brain. To reduce this, you need a couple of hours to stay hydrated, and avoid alcohol. 8. You can also reduce the severity of inflammation by taking a daily gram of vitamin C with the bioflavonoid quercetin. Vitamin C and quercetin also help to reduce prickly heat. 9. Finally, if any adverse symptoms persist while overseas, you should see a doctor.

填空题Air Pollution 1 In 2002, the Earth Summit was held in Johannesburg in South Africa. One of the main themes of the summit was "sustainable development", or the question how we can continue developing the world without damaging the environment. 2 In Johannesburg, experts from all over the world spoke about different topics and discussed new ways to solve old problems. Most of the speakers talked about the "big three", the three biggest killers in the world-contaminated drinking water, poor sanitation and air pollution. According to the World Health Organization, the big three cause more than seven million deaths every year. That is 15% of all the deaths in the world. 20% of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water. Air pollution alone causes almost three million deaths. Most of these deaths happen in rural areas, where people burn wood and coal to cook food and stay warm. Air pollution is especially a big problem in very large cities, especially in developing countries. 3 Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had "black snow" from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem. 4 Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have diseases with their breath. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases. 5 Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don't know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals we are apt to take into our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers. 6 Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes our buildings. It damages from crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control.A. Cost moneyB. The big three killersC. We should spend money to control itD. The effect of air pollution to peopleE. Air pollution is a global problemF. The effect of air pollution to works

填空题A. they can find the best studentsB. the university's academic advancement and physical extensionC. some of the most distinguished scholars of the worldD. where a sports meet is held every yearE. must have been the top students in their classF. must be hardworking

填空题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。 {{B}} Lung Cancer{{/B}} 1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years. It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts. There are many possible causes, but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy. Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air (smoke particles, smog, exhaust fumes), and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars. 2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits. Among heavy smokers -- 21 to 30 cigarettes per day -- the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers. It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect. 3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an x-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis. Too often, however, a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer. Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained. Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to those over 40 years of age, that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed. 4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma4, so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus. The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked, cutting off the supply of air to that lung. The lung then collapses, and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected, with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess. Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body. The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure, before secondary growths have had time to form, is to remove the lung completely. This operation is called pneumonectomy. 5 Malignant tumors of the stomach, the breast, the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs, causing secondary growths.

填空题The Invader of AIDS His invader is small, even in the microscopic world of bacteria and viruses. It is alive only in the strictest sense of the world. It had no intelligence, no means of mobility, and no methods of defense in the outside world. It is fragile, easily killed by common household bleach (漂白剂) and even short periods outside the body. 1 It is the AIDS virus, and it is a killer. AIDS is a disease, caused by a virus that breaks down part of the body"s immune system, leaving a person defenseless against a variety of unusual life-threatening illnesses. 2 . The body"s immune system normally provides us the weapons we need to win constant battles with invading viruses, bacteria and other invading organisms. His defense system is powerful but not perfect. 3 . We do not even know that anything is happening. But the AIDS virus acts differently from other invaders. It attacks the very cells that normally protect us. 4 . It turns our own white blood cells into mini-factories or making more viruses. Each time a cell is taken over, it fills up with thousands of new viruses, dies and releases those viruses, with attack more white blood cells. After enough attacks, our defense system is weakened and certain infections and conditions that we normally fight off with no problem take advantage of his weakness. 5 . The person dies. There is no cure for AIDS, so learning about the disease and how to avoid it are our only weapons. A. Yet it may be the most dangerous enemy in human history B. Whatever condition develops because of AIDS, the outcome is always the same C. It gets inside these cells into mini-factors D. Each of the letters in AIDS stands for a word: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome E. The patients who suffer from AIDS have characteristic features F. Most attacks are detected and beaten off with ease

填空题How did English Become a Global Language? 1 The rise of English is a remarkable tale as Professor David Crystal reminds us in his attractive, short book "English as a Global Language. " 2 It is certainly quite a theme. When Julius Caesar landed in Britain more than 2,000 years ago,English did not exist. Five hundred years later, English, virtually incomprehensible to modern ears,was probably spoken by about as few people as currently speak Cherokee, the language of a small North American Indian tribe and with as little influence. About 1,000 years later, at the end of the 16th century,and after the Norman Conquest, the Reformation and the arrival of commercial printing technology,English was the native speech of between 5 million and 7 million people. And yet now look at it. As the second millennium approaches, English is more widely scattered, more widely spoken and written than any other language has ever been. In the title of the book it has become a truly global language. According to David Crystal,about 2.09 billion people,well over one-third of the world's population are routinely exposed to it. 3 As he rightly points out,what is impressive about this staggering figure is "not so much the grand total but the speed with which expansion has taken place since the 1950's. In 1950, the case for English as a world language would have been no more than plausible. Fifty years on and the case is virtually won. " 4 So what happened? 5 Someone once said that a language is a dialect with an army and a navy. In other words, when the British navy set out to conquer the world,it set out an "army" of English speakers. As the British empire spread throughout the world, English became the basis of law commerce and education. The British empire was succeeded by another (the American) ,which shared virtually the same linguistic heritage. American English, which has become the rocket-fuel of the English language, has magically found its way into areas undreamed of 40, let alone 400 years ago. 6 The most valuable part of Crystal's study is the section devoted to a speedy analysis of the cultural basis of this global reach, notably the influence of broadcasting, press, advertising, popular music and film. He is also up-to-date and informative in his identification of the WorldWide-Web as a powerful reinforcer of American cultural and linguistic dominance. 7 One of his most interesting passages concerns the role played by the League of Nations,and later the United Nations, in spreading English as an international language in the aftermath of the two world wars. 8 What does the future hold? To this question, Crystal proposes the recognition of a new form of English-WSSE(World Standard Spoken English)-which almost by definition rules out the possibility that English would fragment into mutually unintelligible languages as Latin once did . "English,in some shape or form,will find itself in the service of the world community forever, "Crystal writes.A. The future of EnglishB. The speed of the spread of EnglishC. The role played by culture and the netD. The role played by military expansionE. The role played by educationF. The 2,000 years of English

填空题Paris 1 Paris,the capital and the largest city of the country,is in north central France. The Paris metropolitan area contains nearly 20% of the nation's population and is theeconomic, cultural, and political center of France. The French governments have historically favored the city as the site for all decision making,thus powerfully attracting nearly all of the nation's activities. 2 Paris has grown steadily since it was chosen as the national capital in the late 10th century. With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution,a great number of people moved to the city from the country during the 19th century. The migration was especially stimulated by the construction of railroads, which provided easy access to the capital. After World War 1][ more and more immigrants arrived. 3 The city is the centralized control point of most national radio and television broadcasting. It is a place of publication of the most prestigious newspapers and magazines and an international book publishing center. With more than 100 museums,Paris has truly been one of the greatest concentrations of art treasures in the world. The Louvre, opened as a museum in 1793 ,is one of the largest museums in the world. 4 In the late 1980s about 4.1 million pupils annually attended about 47,000 elementary schools. In addition,about 5.4 million students attended some 11,200 secondary schools. Approximately ]. 2 million students were enrolled annually at universities and colleges in France in the late 1980s. French centers of learning have served as academic models throughout the world. 5 Paris is the leading industrial center of France,with about one quarter of the nation's manufacturing concentrated in the metropolitan area. Industries of consumer goods have always been drawn to Paris by the enormous market of the big population,and modern,high-technology industries also have become numerous since World War Ⅱ. Chief manufactures are machinery, automobiles, chemicals and electrical equipment.A. History of the cityB. Industries of the cityC. Population growthD. EducationE. Cultural centerF. Immigration

填空题 阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有的位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案填在相应的横线上。 {{B}} Vitamins{{/B}} Vitamins are organic compounds which are present in certain foods and are essential to the health of men and other animals.{{U}} (1) {{/U}}Without these substances, the breakdown and absorption of foods could not occur. Certain vitamins participate in the formation of blood cells, hormones, nervous system chemicals, and genetic materials.{{U}} (2) {{/U}}Fat-soluble vitamins include vitamins A, D, E and K. The water-soluble vitamins include vitamin C and the B-vitamin complex. Fat-soluble vitamins are usually absorbed with foods that contain fat. Excessive amounts of these vitamins are stored in the body's fat, the liver and kidneys. Because fat-soluble vitamins can be stored, they do not have to be consumed every day. {{U}} (3) {{/U}}A deficiency of vitamin A leads to skin changes and night blindness, or failure of the eye to adapt to the dark. Vitamin A can be obtained directly from foods of animal origin such as milk, eggs, and liver.{{U}} (4) {{/U}}. Vitamin D acts muck like a hormone and regulates calcium and phosphorus absorption and metabolism. Some vitamin D is obtained from such foods as eggs, fish, liver, butter, and milk. But humans get most of their vitamin D from exposure of the skin to sunlight. A deficiency of vitamin D leads to bone problems. The role of vitamin E in the human body has not been established.{{U}} (5) {{/U}}Vitamin E is found in seed oil and wheat. Vitamin K is necessary for the clotting of blood. It is produced in sufficient quantities by bacteria in the intestine, but is also provided by leafy green vegetables and eggs. The water-soluble vitamins, C and B complex, cannot be stored and therefore need to be consumed daily to satisfy the body's needs. Vitamin C is important in the formation and maintenance of connective tissue. It protects gums, skin, and mucous membranes. It is mainly found in fruits like oranges. B-complex vitamins serve a wide range of important metabolic functions and prevent some diseases. They are found mostly in the liver. A. Vitamins are classified into two groups, that is, the fat-soluble (溶解脂肪的) and the water-soluble (溶解水的) vitamins. B. Their functions are mainly to enhance the metabolism (新陈代谢) of proteins and fats. C. It is necessary for a healthy life. D. Vitamin A is essential for normal growth and for the health of epithelial cells. E. It has been popularly advocated for a great variety of diseases, but no clear evidence exists that it eases any specific disease. F. Vitamin A can also be obtained through eating green and yellow fruits and vegetables.

填空题Ginseng Shows Benefit in Cancer Treatment 1. Flaxseed slowed the growth of prostate tumors in men, while ginseng helped relieve the fatigue that cancer patients often feel, US researchers reported on Saturday in two of the first scientifically rigorous looks at alternative medicine. 2. The studies reflect doctors' efforts to explore the risks and benefits of foods and supplements that are routinely taken by their patients with little scientific proof they help. Americans spend between $36 billion and $47 billion a year on complementary and alternative therapies, according to the National Center for Health Statistics. "Patients are taking these compounds but we need to know if they are doing any good or any harm, " said Dr. Bruce Cheson of Georgetown University Hospital in Washington, who led a panel on alternative therapies at a meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 3. In the flaxseed study, researchers at Duke University Medical Center in North Carolina and colleagues evaluated the seed's role as a food supplement in 161 men who were scheduled to undergo surgery for prostate cancer. "The growth rate was decreased in the men who got flaxseed, " said Dr. Nancy Davidson, an oncologist at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore who is president-elect of ASCO. "I think this is fascinating. " Flaxseed is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and lignins, a fiber found on the seed coat. "We were looking at flaxseed because of its unique nutrient profile, " said Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, a researcher in Duke's School of Nursing, who led the study. 4. Half of the men in the study added 30 grams of flaxseed daily to their diets for about 30 days. Half of the flaxseed group also went on a low-fat diet. After the surgery, the researchers looked at the men's tumor cells to see how quickly the cancer had multiplied. The cancer cells in both the flaxseed groups grew about 30 to 40 percent slower than the control group. 5. But Demark-Wahnefried is not ready to prescribe flaxseed. "It's a healthy food. It has a lot of vitamins and a lot of fiber. But we can not definitively say at this point you should take flaxseed because it is protective against prostate cancer, " she said, adding that flaxseed now needed to be studied to see if it can prevent prostate cancer. 6. In the ginseng trial, Debra Barton of the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, and colleagues tested three different doses of the herb on patients with a variety of cancers who were expected to live at least six months. Twenty-five percent of patients taking a 1,000-mg dose and twenty-seven percent of patients taking a 2,OOO-mg dose said their fatigue symptoms were "moderately better" or "much better. " Only 10 percent of those taking a 750-mg dose reported an improvement, which was about the same as the placebo group. Patients in the trial took Wisconsin ginseng from a single crop that was tested for uniform potency. It was powdered and given in a capsule form. "I wouldn't have predicted this, I have to admit, " Davidson said in an interview. "We might want to test this on a large scale. " 7. The flaxseed study was funded by the National Institutes of Health and the ginseng study was supported by US Public Health Service grants.

填空题Breaking the News about Your Diagnosis 1. When I was diagnosed with breast cancer nearly a year ago, I found myself at a loss for words at first. Over time, however, I developed some pointers (点子), which I hope will help others. 2. During the first few weeks of emotional "aftershocks" (余悸) from the diagnosis, I found myself unable to utter the word "cancer". Still, I wanted to share the news with my relatives and friends who already knew that I"d had a biopsy (活组织检查) and were anxiously awaiting my telephone call. I did the best I could, which is all anyone can do in this situation. When I called them, I said, "What we feared has happened." They immediately knew what I meant. 3. Nearly a year after my diagnosis, I find myself more comfortable telling people "I was diagnosed with cancer" instead of saying "I have cancer." On some deep level, I don"t want to "own" this illness. Choose language that suits you when you share your news. And keep in mind that there is no one "right" way of doing this. 4. Most people, after hearing your announcement, will be curious about the next step. They may wonder if you will be undergoing radiation therapy (诊疗) and/or chemotherapy (化疗). They may wonder where and when you will have surgery. Answer their questions as best you can, but keep in mind that "I don"t know right now" or "I"m still in too much shock to think about that" are good answers. 5. Wait until the initial wave of strong emotions has passed before telling the children in your life. Don"t overwhelm (使不知所措) very young children with too much information. Assure them that, even if you will be in the hospital for a while, they will see you every day and they will be cared for. Older children may already fear the word "cancer", so be prepared to reassure them. Emphasize the positive steps that doctors will be taking to treat your illness.