单选题Last winter, she bought a pair of beautiful boots.A. glovesB. shoesC. trousersD. sunglasses

单选题 Late-night Drinking Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick "pick-me-up" cup of coffee1 late in the day will play havoc with your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep. Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 a.m. and 4 a. m. , before falling again. "It's the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake," says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the body's levels of this sleep hormone. Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decal. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decal. They also took half an hour to drop off-twice as long as usual-and jigged around in bed twice as much. In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers wolfe the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decal drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicinc, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production. Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decal after lunch.

单选题Department Store A mainstay of retailing in the United States is the department store, a large-scale retailing instituting that has a very broad and deep product assortment(分类),tires not to compete on the basis of price, and provides a wide array or customer services. Traditional department stores offer a greater variety of merchandise and services than does any other type of retail store. They feature both "soft goods" —such as apparel, sheets, towels, and bedding (寝具)—and "hard goods" including furniture, appliances, and consumer electronics. Department stores also attract—and satisfy—consumers by offering many customer services. The combination of destinctive, appealing merchandise and numerous customer services is designed to allow the stores to maintain the manufacturers'suggested retail prices. That is, department stores strive to charge "full" or "nondiscounted" (不打折扣的) prices. Department stores face mounting problems, however, Largely due to their prime locations and customer services, their operation expenses are considerably higher than those of most other kinds of retail business. Many manufacturers'brands that used to be available exclusively thorough department stores are now widely distributed and often carry discounted prices in other outlets. And the quality of personal service, especially knowledgeable sales help, has deteriorated in some department stores. Intense horizontal competition is also hurting department stores. Other types of retailers are aiming at consumers who have long supported department stores. Speciality stores, off price retailers, and even some discount houses have been particularly aggressive in trying to lure shoppers sway from department stores. To varying degrees retail chains compete against department stores. Consequently, many department stores have modified their target markets or elements of their marketing mixes. The May Department Stores Company has targeted middle-income consumers, rejecting high-priced European designer lines and instead concentrating on fashionable apparel with moderate prices. Penney's dropped three lines of hard goods—home electronics, sporting goods, and photographic equipment. Penney's, Ward's, and Sears are all converting their very large stores into a collection of limited-line "superstores". Some department stores are also trying to be more price-competitive. Most notably, in 1989 Sears abandoned its practice of promoting temporarily reduced prices and adopted a strategy of "everyday low prices". With this policy, prices will always be lower than or as low as competitors.

单选题And the cars are tested for defects before leaving the factory. A. functions C. motions B. faults D. parts

单选题These cases may sound extreme, but being fired or laid off is undeniably one of life's biggest blows and can lead to clinical depression, violence and alcohol abuse, as well as strokes and heart attacks. Even the fear of losing a job produces more doctor visits and health worries. In short, the recent news about rising unemployment and job insecurity may be bad news for our health. Being laid off may lead to all the following EXCEPTA. violence and alcohol abuse.B. psychological problems.C. blows and strikes on the body.D. strokes and heart attacks.

单选题An old friend called on me the day before yesterday.

单选题He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school.

单选题F. D. Roosevelt When President Frankin D. Roosevelt colapsed and died of a stroke in April 12,1945, the nation went into a state of depression unknown since the death of Abraham Lincoln. Roosevelt had become inseparably linked with a series of national crises—in his case the Great Depression and World World War II. And like Lincoln, Roosevelt was viewed as a savior, a man who had redeemed his people. Put simply, F. D. Roosevelt enjoyed the elusive charisma (引起大众景仰的领袖)so prized but politicians. Blessed with enormous self-confidence and an ingratiating personality, he inspired tremendous loyalty among most Americans. They loved him and put him in the White House on four separate occasions 1932, 1936, 1940,and 1944. But like all charismatic leaders, Roosevelt also generated tremendous hostility in some circles, particularly in corporate boardroom and the parlors of the well-to-do (富人的会客厅). They viewed him as a "traitor to his class," a politician so seduced by power (受权势诱惑) that he posed a threat to property and the social order. Franklin D. Roosevelt was a complicated man, a beloved acquaintance of thousands but an intimate of very few. Bon rich and raised in pampered splendor (优越受宠的环境), he nevertheless led a virtual revolution in public policy, giving ethnic minorities, labor unions, and poor people their first taste of influence at federal level. Although Roosevelt inspired a legion of intellectuals to invest their energies in public service, he was not an innovative thinker himself. He preferred the give-and take of politics, and the inherent excitement of its risks, to the intricate nuts and bolts of social and economic policy. His public outward character was overwhelming, but there was also a private side to his life that the American people understood only superficially. During the Summer of 1921, little more than a decade before he became president, Roosevelt contracted polio, or infantile paralysis, a disease that crippled him for the rest of his life.

单选题I enjoyed the play. It had a clever plot and funny dialogues.

单选题We"ve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues.

单选题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A项：如果该句提供的错误信息，请选择B项：如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C项。 {{B}} Tanning Parlors Take Heat{{/B}} People who seek a glamorous tan through sun lamps may double their risk of developing Common types of skin cancer, according to a new study that found the risk was highest for those who start at a young age. The study, appearing in the latest issue of Journal of the US National Cancer Institute, concluded that people who use tanning devices were 1.5 to 2.5 times more likely to have common kinds of skin cancer than were people who did not use the devices. The study confirmed what doctors have long suspected-that sun lamp use increases the risk of basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers, said Margaret R. Karagas, first author of the study. Either going to the tanning parlor, or getting an infrequent sunburn can seriously damage the skin, said Dr. James Spencer, vice chairman of the department of dermatology at Mount Hospital, but the small day-to-day exposure is worse for the skin in the long run. Joseph A. Levy, vice president of the International Smart Tan Network, however, said occasional sunburn "is a risk factor in all forms of skin cancer and intermittent sunburn is what the tanning industry is trying to stop. ' In the study, Karagas and her colleagues interviewed 603 basal cell skin cancer patients and 293 with squamous cell skin cancer. They talked to 540 control subjects who did not have either type of skin cancer. About 1 million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer. Among those skin cancer patients, about 80 percent are with basal cell skin cancer, 16 percent, with squamous cell skin cancer and 4 percent with melanoma-the most serious form of skin cancers. Back to the interviewed patients, 190 reported that they had used tanning devices at some time. In the control groups, only 75 had used such devices. Karagas said a statistical analysis shows that those who used tanning equipment were 2.5 times more likely to get squamous cell skin cancer than those who had not used the devices. For basal cell cancer, the risk was 1.5 times greater. The risk was highest for those who first used the tanning devices before the age of 20, said Karagas. For this group, the squamous cell cancer risk was 3.6 times greater than that of the controls while the basal cell cancer risk was 1.3 times greater.

单选题Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine Uasserted/U that the Americas were no longer open to European colonization.

单选题When Fear Takes Control of the Mind A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long, but it may feel like forever. The cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane. And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before. A fast heartbeat. Sweaty hands. Difficulty breathing. A dizzy feeling. At first a person may have no idea what is wrong. But these can all be signs of what is known as panic disorder. The first appearance usually is between the ages of 18 and 25. In some cases it develops after a tragedy, like the death of a loved one, or some other difficult situation. In the United States, the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million people are affected in any one-year period. The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is two times more likely in women than men. And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime. Panic attacks can be dangerous - for example, if a person is driving at the time. The Chesapeake Bay Bridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water, it is famous for scaring motorists. There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across. Some people who suffer a panic attack develop a phobia (恐惧病), a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the attack. But experts say panic disorder can be treated. Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or antidepressant (抗抑郁的) medicines. Talking to a counselor could help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack. There are breathing methods, for example, that might help a person calm down. Panic disorder is included among what mental health professionals call anxiety disorders. A study published last week reported a link between anxiety disorders and several physical diseases. It says these include thyroid (甲状腺的) disease, lung and stomach problems, migraine headaches (偏头痛) and allergic (过敏的) conditions. Researchers at the University of Manitoba in Canada say that in most cases the physical condition followed the anxiety disorder. But, they say, exactly how the two are connected remains unknown.

单选题What Is Cancer? Cancer is actually a group of many related diseases that all have to do with cells. Cells are the very small units that make up all 1 things, including the human body. There are billions of cells 2 each person"s body. Cancer happens when cells that are not normal grow 3 spread very fast. Normal body cells grow and divide and know when to stop growing. Over time, they also die. 4 these normal cells, cancer cells just continue to grow and divide out of control and don"t die. Cancer cells usually group together to form tumors (肿瘤). A growing tumor becomes a lump of cancer cells 5 can destroy the normal cells around the 6 and damage the body"s healthy tissues. This can make someone very 7 Sometimes cancer cells break away from the original tumor and travel to other areas of the 8 , where they keep growing and can go on to form new tumors. This is how cancer 9 . The spread of a tumor to a new place in the body is 10 metastasis (转移). People with cancer may feel pretty sick at times—but cell usually still do lots of normal things. 11 they are very sick, kids and teenagers with cancer may still be able to go to school. They may be tired or bruise (出现青肿) easily, but they 12 sometimes go to camp, movies, and sleepover (在外过夜的) parties. People with cancer still like the same things they did 13 they got sick. Cancer in kids is rare—but today, many kids who do get cancer go on living normal lives. The number of kids who beat cancer goes 14 every year because of new cancer treatments. So a lot of kids with cancer will some day drive cars, go to college, have careers, and even get 15 and have families of their own.

单选题 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 {{B}}Some Sleep Drugs Do More Than Make You Sleep{{/B}} The United States Food and Drug Administration has ordered companies to place strong new warnings on thirteen drags that treat sleep disorders. It also ordered the makers of the sleeping pills to provide information for patients explaining how to safely use the drags. Last Wednesday, the FDA announced that some of these drugs can have unexpected and dangerous effects. These include the risk of life-threatening allergic reactions. They also include rare incidents of strange behavior. These include people cooking food, eating and even driving while asleep. The patients later had no memory of doing these activities while asleep. Last year, a member of the United States Congress said he had a sleep-driving incident. Patrick Kennedy, a representative from Rhode Island, crashed his car into a security barrier near the building where lawmakers meet. The accident happened in the middle of the night and no one was hurt. Mr. Kennedy said he had earlier taken a sleep medicine. He said he was also being treated with a stomach sickness drug that could cause sleepiness. The Food and Drug Administration did not say in its announcement how many cases of sleep-driving it had documented. However, the New York Times4 reported last year about people who said they had strange sleep events after taking the drug Ambien. Some reported sleep-driving and sleep-walking. Others said they found evidence after waking in the morning that they had cooked food or eaten in their sleep. But they had no memory of carrying out the activities. A Food and Drag Administration official says that these serious side effects of sleep disorder drugs appear to be rare. But, he also says there are probably more cases than are reported, s He says the agency believes the risk of such behaviors could be reduced if people take the drugs as directed and do not drink alcohol while taking the drugs. The Food and Drug Administration has advised drug companies to carry out studies to investigate the problem.

单选题Many doctors are still general practitioners, but the tendency is toward specialization in medicine.A. rumorB. trendC. prejudiceD. security

单选题Dorothea Dix left home at an early age-of her own free will-to live with her grand-mother. At fourteen, Dorothea was teaching school at Worcester, Massachusetts. A short time after she had begun teaching, she established a school for young girls in her grandparents' home. Stress was placed on moral character at Dorothea's school, which she conducted until she was thirty-three. She was forced to give up teaching at her grandparents' home, however, when she became ill. A few years of inactivity followed. In 1841 Dorothea began to teach again, accepting a Sunday school class in the East Cambridge, Massachusetts, jail. Here, she first came upon insane people locked up together with criminals. In those days insane people were treated even worse than criminals. There were only a few asylums(精神病院)in the entire country. Therefore jails, poorhouses, and houses of correction were used to confine the insane. Dorothea Dix made a careful investigation of the inhuman treatment of the insane. It was considered, unfeminine (不适合女性的)for a woman to devote herself to such work at this time. But this did not stop Dorothea Dix in her efforts to provide proper medical care for the insane. Gradually, because of her investigations, conditions were improved. More than thirty mental institutions were founded or re-established in the United Stated because of her efforts. Dorothea also extended her investigations to England and to other parts of Europe. During the Civil War, Dorothea served as superintendent(管理人)of women hospital nurses in the Union army. When the war was over, she returned to her work of improving conditions for insane people.

单选题In that organization, they place Uemphasis/U on helping one another and on cooperation.

单选题She had to {{U}}restrain{{/U}} herself from crying out in pain. A. disallow B. reduce C. prevent D. confine

单选题Many people think that she takes after her father.