单选题She gave up her job and started writing poetry.

单选题The walls are made of hollow concret blocks.　　A. big　　B. empty　　C. long　　D. new

单选题 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提的是正确信息，请选择A：如果该句提的是错误信息，请选择B：如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Schooling and Education It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important. Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces Surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one's entire life. Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.

单选题I {{U}}happened to see{{/U}} the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street。

单选题France has kept {{U}}intimate{{/U}} links with its former African territories

单选题 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 {{B}}Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular (心血管的) Risk{{/B}} Breastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of{{U}} (51) {{/U}}of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday. Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies (过敏) and are less{{U}} (52) {{/U}}to obesity (肥胖). British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect{{U}} (53) {{/U}}cardiovascular disease. "Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in{{U}} (54) {{/U}}of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol (胆固醇) and increasing their tendency to diabetes (糖尿病) and obesity —the{{U}} (55) {{/U}}main risk factors for stroke and heart attack," said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London. "Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more{{U}} (56) {{/U}}in the early weeks. " Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than{{U}} (57) {{/U}}adults can do to control the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs. An estimated 17 million people die of{{U}} (58) {{/U}}disease, particularly heart attack and strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization. Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers{{U}} (59) {{/U}}as babies had either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas. They reported their{{U}} (60) {{/U}}in The Lancet medical journal. The teenagers who had been{{U}} (61) {{/U}}had a 14-percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk. The researchers also found that, {{U}}(62) {{/U}}of the child's weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the{{U}} (63) {{/U}}was their later risk of heart disease and stroke. The effect was the{{U}} (64) {{/U}}for both boys and girls. "The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years{{U}} (65) {{/U}}," Lucas said.

单选题Beijing is a pleasant place with convenient transportation and communication system. A. shocking B. pleasing C. boring D. surprising

单选题Obviously these people can be Urelied/U on in a crisis.

单选题Dreams Studies show that in dreams things are seen and heard rather than thought. In terms of the senses, visual experience is present in almost all dreams; auditory experience in 40 to 50 percent; and touch, taste, smell, and pain in a relatively small percentage. A considerable amount of emotion is commonly present, usually a pure and single emotion such as fear, anger, or Joy. Two clearly distinguishable states of sleep exist. The first state, called NREM-sleep (non- rapid-eye-movement sleep), occupies most of the sleep period and is associated with a relatively low pulse and blood pressure, and few or no reports of dreaming. The second type of sleep, known as REM-sleep ( rapid-eye-movement sleep) occurs cyclically during the sleep period with rapid eye movements and frequent dream reports. Typically, a person has four or five periods of REM-sleep during the night, whether the dreams are remembered often, rarely, or not at all; they occur at intervals of about 90 minutes and altogether make up about 25 percent of the night's sleep (as much as 50 percent in a newborn child). Evidence indicates that a dream period usually lasts from 5 to 20 minutes. Sounds and touches working on a dreamer can go into a dream if they occur during a REM-period. Although mental activity may be reported during NREM-sleep, these are usually short pieces of thoughtlike experiences. Modern dream research has focused on two general interpretations of dream content. In one view, dreams have no meaning of their own but are simply a process by which the brain integrates new information into memories. In the other view, dreams contain real meaning symbolized in a picture language distinct from conscious logical thought. If dreams express important wishes, fears, concerns, and worries of the dreamer, the study and analysis of dreams can help reveal previously unknown aspects of a person's mental functioning.

单选题Hold the torch Usteady/U so I can see better.

单选题下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Retirement Brings Most a Big Health Boost The self-reported health of the newly retired improves so much that most feel eight years younger, a new European study suggests. This happy news was true of almost everyone except a small minority -- only 2 percent -- who had experienced "ideal" conditions in their working life, anyway. "The results really say three things: that work puts an extra burden on the health of older workers, that the effects of this extra burden are largely relieved by retirement and, finally, that both the extra burden and the relief are larger when working conditions are poor," said Hugo Westerlund, lead author of a study published online Nov. 9 in The Lancet (柳叶刀). "This indicates that there is a need to provide opportunities for older workers to decrease the demands in their work out of concern for their health and well-being. " But of course, added Westerlund, who is head of epidemiology at the Stress Research Institute at Stockholm University in Sweden, "not all older workers suffer from poor perceived health. Many are indeed remarkably healthy and fit for work. But sooner or later, everyone has to slow down because of old age catching up. " Last week, the same group of researchers reported that workers slept better after retirement than before. "Sleep improves at retirement, which suggests that sleeping could be a mediator between work and perception of poor health," Westerlund said. This study looked at what the same 15,000 French workers, most of them men, had to say about their own health up to seven years pre-retirement and up to seven years post-retirement. As participants got closer to retirement age, their perception of their own health declined, but went up again during the first year of retirement. Those who reported being in poorer health declined from 19.2 percent in the year prior to retirement to 14.3 percent by the end of the first year after retiring. According to the researchers, that means postretirement levels of poor health fell to levels last seen eight years previously. The changes were seen in both men and women, across different occupations, and lasted through the first seven years of not punching the clock. Workers who felt worse before retirement and had lower working conditions reported greater improvements as soon as they retired, the team found.

单选题Testing Baby's Brain As far as her friends and teachers are concerned, Ashdod is an ordinary, bright, playful 5-year-old. They might be surprised to learn that not long ago therapists were fighting to keep her from succumbing to (患严重的) autism (自闭症) - a brain disorder that afflicts one in 100 children, typically leaving them with lifelong difficulties in communicating, socializing and carrying out many basic tasks. Ashdod was lucky: when she was 10 months old, her parents became alarmed that she had little interest in looking them in the eyes, eating and moving from her back, and whisked (急忙送离) her to the Mifne Center in Rosh Pinna, Israel, a clinic that focuses on children 5 months and older who show early warning signs of autism. The results of the Mifne treatment were startling, recalls the girl' s mother, Tikva. "Now she goes to a regular school where she is the same sort of articulate (齿伶俐的), funny, normal child as anyone else," she says. Despite a big jump in autism awareness in the past decade, parents, schools and doctors still frequently ignore warning signs in very young children. These can be subtle: a child never points at things, shows more interest in objects than people, has delayed speech and develops a fascination with spinning in place or with spinning toys. Many pediatricians dismiss these symptoms as harmless quirks (怪癖) that kids will outgrow. New research and experience in some autism clinics, however, suggests that starting treatment by age 2 is critical to mitigating (缓解) and in some cases entirely avoiding the disorder. That's because unlike the brain of an adult or even an older child, a 12 - or 18 - month - old's brain is, in a sense, highly reprogrammable--that is, it responds well to treatments designed to permanently change basic patterns of thought and behavior. "All the evidence we have suggests that outcomes for these children will be better with an earlier diagnosis, before they reach 18 months, if possible," says Christopher Gillberg, a child psychiatrist at Gothenburg University in Sweden.

单选题These are our Umotives/U for doing it.

单选题Mary rarely speaks to Susan.

单选题Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while menare more likely to develop the disease from smoking, said medical experts after a five-yearresearch study. The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking, said medical experts after a five-year research study. Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger, especially women. According to the Shanghai Tumor Research Institute, more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Following breast cancer, it has the second-highest incidence rate. "An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer, " said Dr He Yum in from Shanghai Min shen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center. He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years. Among them, 1,483 were male. Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke, according to the report. However, more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term, close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat. About 32 percent of women flied foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen. However, local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods. "Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day, I must stay in the kitchen to cook, "saidXu Li, a 45-year-old local woman. "i know the fumes are bad for the skin, but it is the first time Iheard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started flying less." Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history, unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems. Other experts agreed with he. "Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men, " said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College. "It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women." He's research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling flied foods due to the poor quality of oils used. The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a longtime, experts said.

单选题Diffusion is the spontaneous spreading of matter caused by the {{U}}random{{/U}} movement of molecules.

单选题下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文的内容为每处确定1个最佳选项。 Health Insurance (保险) Most Americans are responsible for their own medical costs. These can be extremely high if a person gets very {{U}}(51) {{/U}}or has an accident. So people buy a health insurance plan to make sure these costs will be {{U}}(52) {{/U}}. Most American colleges and universities have {{U}}(53) {{/U}}health centers. There may even be a teaching hospital that can treat more serious {{U}}(54) {{/U}}. Some medical services may be included in the cost of attending a school. But health insurance is usually needed for extra services. {{U}}(55) {{/U}}most full-time college students must have insurance. Students may already be protected under their family's health plan. If not, many colleges offer {{U}}(56) {{/U}} own plans. The University of Michigan will be our example. Students pay a health service fee. Then there is no extra charge when they are treated for minor {{U}}(57) {{/U}}problems at the University Health Center. But the school wants students to have health insurance to pay {{U}}(58) {{/U}} other services. The insurance plan {{U}}(59) {{/U}} by the university costs about one thousand seven hundred dollars a year. Such health insurance {{U}}(60) {{/U}} generally pay for hospital services, emergency room care and visits to doctors. They {{U}}(61) {{/U}} do not pay for care of the teeth. And they usually do not pay for treatment of medical conditions that existed {{U}}(62) {{/U}} the student arrived at school. International students at the University of Michigan have two {{U}}(63) {{/U}}. They can buy the university health plan. Or they can {{U}}(64) {{/U}}private insurance that is approved by the university. The school also offers a special International Student Insurance Plan. This pays for most of the services offered {{U}}(65) {{/U}} the University Health Center that are not included in the health service fee.

单选题Consumers" Demand for Luxuries Historians have only recently begun to note the increase in demand for luxury goods and services that took place in eighteenth-century England. McKendrick has explored the Wedgwood firm"s remarkable success in marketing luxury pottery; Plumb has written about the proliferation of provincial theater, musical festivals, and children"s toys and books. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: Who were the consumers? What were their motives? And what were the effects of the new demand for luxuries? An answer to the first of these has been difficult to obtain. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufacturers and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what. We still need to know how large this consumer market was and how far down the social scale the consumer demand for luxury goods penetrated. With regard to this last question, we might note in passing that Thompson, while rightly restoring laboring people to the stage of eighteenth-century English history, has probably exaggerated the opposition of these people to the inroads of capitalist consumerism in general; for example, laboring people in eighteenth-century England readily shifted from home-brewed beer to standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries. To answer the question of why consumers became so eager to buy, some historians have pointed to the ability of manufacturers to advertise in a relatively uncensored press. This, however, hardly seems a sufficient answer. Mckendrick favors a Veblen model of conspicuous consumption stimulated by competition for status. The "middling sort" bought goods and services because they wanted to follow fashions set by the rich. Again, we may wonder whether this explanation is sufficient. Do not people enjoy buying things as a form of self-gratification? If so, consumerism could be seen as a product of the rise of new concepts of individualism and materialism, but not necessarily of the frenzy for conspicuous competition. Finally, what were the consequences of this consumer demand for luxuries? McKendrick claims that it goes a long way toward explaining the coming of the Industrial Revolution. But does it? What, for example, does the production of high-quality pottery and toys have to do with the development of iron manufacture or textile mills.9 It is perfectly possible to have the psychology and reality of a consumer society without a heavy industrial sector. That future exploration of these key questions is undoubtedly necessary should not, however, diminish the force of the conclusion of recent studies: the insatiable demand in eighteenth-century England for frivolous as well as useful goods and services foreshadows our own world.

单选题 DNA Fingerprinting DNA is the genetic material found within the cell nuclei of all living things. In mammals the strands of DNA are grouped into structures called chromosomes. With the exception of identical siblings (as in identical twins), the complete DNA of each individual is unique. DNA fingerprinting is sometimes called DNA typing. It is a method of identification that compares bits of DNA. A DNA fingerprint is constructed by first drawing out a DNA sample from body tissue or fluid such as hair, blood, or saliva. The sample is then segmented using enzymes, and the segments are arranged by size. The segments are marked with probes and exposed on X-ray film, where they form a pattern of black bars—the DNA fingerprint. If the DNA fingerprints produced from two different samples match, the two samples probably came from the same person. DNA fingerprinting was first developed as all identification technique in 1985. Originally used to detect the presence of genetic diseases, it soon came to be used in criminal investigations and legal affairs. The first criminal conviction based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988. In criminal investigations, DNA fingerprints derived from evidence collected at the crime scene are compared to the DNA fingerprints of suspects. Generally, courts have accepted the reliability of DNA testing and admitted DNA test results into evidence. However, DNA fingerprinting is controversial in a number of areas: the accuracy of the results, the cost of testing, and the possible misuse of the technique. The accuracy of DNA fingerprinting has been challenged for several reasons. First, because DNA segments rather than complete DNA strands are "fingerprinted": a DNA fingerprint may not be unique; large-scale research to confirm the uniqueness of DNA fingerprinting test results has not been conducted. In addition, DNA fingerprinting is often done in private laboratories that may not follow uniform testing standards and quality controls. Also, since human beings must interpret the test, human error could lead to false results. DNA fingerprinting is expensive. Suspects who are unable to provide their own DNA to experts may not be able to successfully defend themselves against charges based on DNA evidence. Widespread use of DNA testing for identification purposes may lead to the establishment of a DNA fingerprint database.

单选题A new system of quality control was (brought) in to overcome the defects in the firm's products.