单选题Only three strategies are available for controlling cancer, prevention, screening and treatment. Lung cancer causes more deaths than any other type of cancer. A major cause of the disease is (51) known; there is no good evidence that screening is of much help; and treatment fails in about 90 per cent of all cases. At present, therefore, the main strategy must be (52) . This may not always be true, of course, as for some other types Of cancer, research (53) the past few decades has produced (or suggested) some important progress in prevention, screening or treatment. (54) , however, we consider not what research may one day offer but what today's knowledge could already deliver that is not being delivered, then the most practicable and cost-effective opportunities for avoiding premature death from cancer, especially lung cancer, probably involve neither screening nor improved (55) , but prevention. This conclusion does not depend on the unrealistic assumption that we can (56) tobacco. It merely assumes that we can reduce cigarette sales appreciably by raising prices or by (57) the type of education that already appears to have had a (58) effect on cigarette consumption by white-collar workers, and that we can substantially reduce the amount of tar delivered per cigarette. The practicability of preventing cancer by such measures applies not only in those countries, (59) the US, where, because cigarette smoking has been common for decades, 25～30 per cent of all cancer deaths now involve lung cancer, but also in those where it has become (60) only recently. In China, for example, lung cancer (61) accounts for only about 510 per cent of all cancer deaths. This is because it may take as much as half a century (62) the rise in smoking to increase the incidence of lung cancer. Countries where cigarette smoking is only now becoming widespread can expect enormous increases in lung cancer during the 1990s or early in the next century, (63) prompt effective action is taken against the habit--indeed., such increases are already plainly evident in parts of (64) . There are four reasons why the prevention of lung cancer is of such overwhelming importance: first, the disease is extremely common, causing more deaths than any other type of cancer now does; secondly, it is generally incurable; thirdly, effective, practicable measures to reduce its incidence are already reliably known; and, finally, (65) tobacco consumption will also have a substantial impact on many other diseases.

单选题It seems highly unlikely that she will pass the exam.

单选题Customers often defer payment for as long as possible. A. make C. postpone B. demand　D. obtain

单选题What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?

单选题can you follow the plot?

单选题I notified him that my address had changed.

单选题He is suspicious about her motivation to attend the party.A. sureB. angryC. doubtfulD. worried

单选题{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}Attitudes to AIDS Now{{/B}} Most people say that the USA is making progress in fighting AIDS, but they don't know there's no cure and strongly disagree that "the AIDS epidemic is over," a new survey finds. The findings, released Thursday by the Kaiser Family Foundation, reassure activists who have worried that public concern about AIDS might disappear in light of recent news about advances in treatment and declines in deaths. "While people are very optimistic about the advances, they're still realistic about the fact that there is no cure", says Sophia Chang, director of HIV programs at file foundation. The Kaiser survey, like a recent USA TODAY Gallup Poll, does find that the number of people ranking AIDS as the country's top health problem has fallen. In the Kaiser poll, 38% say it's the top concern, down from 44% in a 1996 poll; in the Gallup Poll, 29% say AIDS is No. 1, down from 41% in 1992 and 67% in 1937. Other findings from Kaiser, which polled more than 1,200 adults in September and October and asked additional questions of another 1,000 adults in November: 52% say the country is making progress against AIDS, up from 32% in 1995. 51% say the government spends too little on AIDS. 86% correctly say AIDS drugs can now lengthen lives; an equal number correctly say that the drugs are not cures. 67% incorrectly say that AIDS deaths increased or stayed the same in the past year; 24% know deaths fell. Daniel Zingale, director of AIDS Action Council, says, "I'm encouraged that the American people are getting the message that the AIDS epidemic isn't over. I hope the decision-makers in Washington are getting the same message ... We have seen signs of complacency."

单选题After her death, her papers—including unpublished articles and correspondence—were deposited at the library.A. identificationsB. cardsC. filesD. documents

单选题Many of these 'decision-support' {{U}}programs{{/U}} are poorly conceived and can be a waste of both time and money.

单选题The two banks have announced plans to {{U}}merge{{/U}} next year.

单选题London quickly became a Uflourishing/U port.

单选题The company has the right to end his employment at any time.

单选题He looks like a crazy man. A. lazy B. patient C. mad D. happy

单选题Sauna Ceremonial bathing has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the steam bath, or sauna, which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room, by pouring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat bath. The Japanese, Greeks, Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals. Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome and pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges. The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time. A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave. After reaching full heat, the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours. A few people today say that the smoke sauna, "savusauna", is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves, although gas and wood-burning stoves are available. Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving. Those with muscle aches or arthritis may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation. Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion and speed recovery time. The body"s core temperature usually rises 1—2 degrees while in the sauna, thus imitating a slight fever. The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying "feed a cold, starve a fever". The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place. Sauna is good for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs. Adults sweat about 2 lbs of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the body"s physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes. The cardiovascular system gets a work out as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange. Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100—150 beats per minute. A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctor"s advice. The elderly and those with diabetes should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas. Pregnant women should not take saunas, particularly in the first three months. Indeed, everyone just starting out should take short sessions at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.

单选题The plane for Riode Janeiro will take off at 6:00 p. m.

单选题If we leave now, we should miss the traffic.

单选题 Making Light of Sleep All we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock, your internal clock runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle, called a circadian (昼夜节奏的，生理节奏的) rhythm, helps control when you wake, when you eat and when you sleep. Somewhere around puberty (青春期), something happens in the timing of the biological clock. The clock pushes forward, so adolescents (青少年的) and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you it's time for bed, your body may be pushing you to stay up for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later. This shift is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your body's clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems, too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud when they don't get enough sleep, says Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence, RI 7. It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn. But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes. Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see. But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night.

单选题The curious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy .

单选题The Clock that Wakes You When You Are Ready Are you a real grump (发脾的人) in the morning? Do you wake up every day feeling tired, angry and upset, and all too ready to hit the snooze button? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you. The clock, called SleepSmart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before rousing you. Its makers say that should ensure you wake up feeling refreshed every morning. As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states—light sleep, deep sleep and REM sleep—that repeats approximately every 90 minutes. The points in that cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how long or little you have slept. Being roused during a light phase means you are more likely to wake up cheerful and full of life and interest. SleepSmart records the distinct pattern of brain waves produced during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped with electrodes and a microprocessor. This measures electric activity of the wearer"s brain, and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that. The concept was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island after a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test. "As sleep-deprived people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it," says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their ideas. With help from entrepreneurial grants and alumni investors, they have almost finished a prototype and plan to market the product by next year.