单选题{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} Adam Smith was the founder of economics as a distinct field of study. He wrote only one book on the subject — The Wealth of Nations, published in 1776. Smith was 53 years old at the time. His friend David Hume found the book such hard going that he doubted many people would read it. But Hume was wrong — people have been reading it for more than 200 years now. The Wealth of Nations, in Smith's view, was the result not of accumulating gold or silver, as many of that time believed, but of ordinary people working and trading in free markets. To Smith, the remarkable thing about the wealth produced by a market economy is that it does not result from any organized plan, rather, it is the unintended outcome of the actions of many people, each of whom is pursuing the incentives the market offers with his or her own interests in mind. "It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest, every individual is continually exerting himself to find out the most advantageous employment for whatever capital he can command. By directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was a part of his intention". Much of the discipline of economics as it has developed over two centuries consists of elaboration of ideas found in Smith's work. The idea of the "invisible hand" of market incentives that channels people's efforts in directions that are beneficial to their neighbors remains one of the most durable of Smith's contributions.

单选题A: I'd like to place a person-to-person call to Chicago. The number is 932—8647, but I don't know the area code.B: ______. A. Sorry. I can't tell you. B. What's the name of the party you're calling? C. this is operator speaking. D. OK. Here you are.

单选题It is very difficult for him to______between blue and green.

单选题A: Could you install this equipment for me? B: ______

单选题The team members were upset when they heard that the project ______ have to be abandoned.

单选题A: I've just heard that the tickets for the new movie have been sold out! B: Oh, no! ______

单选题M: Hi, Susan! Have you finished reading the book Professor Johnson recommended?W: Oh, I haven't read it through the way I read a novel. I just read a few chapters which interested me.Q: What does the woman mean? A. She seldom reads books from cover to cover. B. She is interested in reading novels. C. She read only part of the book. D. She was eager to know what the book was about.

单选题You the clothes! We have a washerwoman to do that sort of thing.

单选题No unfit actually faced with water scarcity ____ appreciate the value of water to a region. A．one can B．one cannot C．can one D．cannot one

单选题The managing director took the ______ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.

单选题{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}} Emotion is a feeling about or reaction to certain important events or thoughts. People enjoy feeling such pleasant emotions as love, happiness, and contentment. They often try to avoid feeling unpleasant emotions, such as loneliness, worry, and grief. Individuals communicate most of their emotions by means of words, a variety of sounds, facial expressions, and gestures. For example, anger causes many people to frown, make a fist, and yell. People learn ways of showing some of their emotions from members of their society, though heredity (遗传)may determine some emotional behavior. Research has shown that different isolated peoples show emotions by means of similar facial expressions. Charles Darwin, famous for the theory of natural selection, also studied emotion. Darwin said in 1872 that emotional behavior originally served both as an aid to survival and as a method of communicating intentions. According to the James-Lange theory of emotions developed in the 1880s, people feel emotions only if aware of their own internal physical reactions to events, such as increased heart rate or blood pressure. But this theory was not up-held: by research on cats that had their nervous system damaged. The cats could not feel their body's internal changes, but they showed normal emotional behavior. John B. Watson, an American psychologist who helped found the school of psychology called behaviorism, observed that babies stimulated by certain events showed three basic emotions--fear, anger, and love. Watson's view has been challenged frequently since he proposed it in 1919. The most widely accepted view is that emotions occur as a complex sequence of events. The sequence begins when a person encounters an important event or thought. The person's interpretation of the encounter determines the feeling that is likely to follow. For example, someone who encounters a bear in the woods would probably interpret the event as dangerous. The sense of danger would cause the individual to feel fear. Each feeling is followed by physical changes and desires to take action, which are responses to the event that started the sequence. Thus, a person who met a bear would probably run away. Several American psychologists independently developed the theory that there are eight basic emotions. These emotions--which can exist at various levels of intensity--are anger, fear, joy, sadness, acceptance, disgust,surprise, and interest or curiosity. They combine to form all other emotions, just as certain basic colors produce all others.

单选题A: Susan, this is my boyfriend Sam.B: ______ C: Nice to meet you, too. A. You may only have one. B. Yours is lovely, too. C. Very well, thank you. D. Oh, really? Nice to meet you.

单选题Speaker A : Thank you so much for the wonderful dinner. Tom and I really enjoyed it.Speaker B: ______ A. I'm glad you made it. B. You're quite welcome. C. I like to share with others. D. You're always my best friends.

单选题He practiced ______ on her and managed to get $ 2,000. A. linen B. deception C. longitude D. paradise

单选题Mr. Jones, I am really pleased ______ you. And I hope we will be able to see each other in not long time. A. to meet B. to have met C. at meeting D. having met

单选题Woman: I just can't believe this is our last year. College is going by fast.Man: Yeah, we'll have to face the real world soon. So have you figured out what you are going to do after you graduate?Question: What do we learn from the conversation?

单选题The doctor ______ me that if I took this medicine twice a day, I would be well soon. A. assured B. ensured C. confessed D. confirm

单选题The book is borrowed from the library, so you ______ your children put dots and lines here and there.

单选题Woman: You've been doing weather reports for neatly 30 years. Has the weather got any worse in all these years? Man: Well, not necessarily worse. But we are seeing more swings. Question: What does the man say about the weather? A. It's worse than 30 years ago. B. It remains almost the same as before. C. There are more extremes in the weather. D. There has been a significant rise in temperature.

单选题As the society has rigid social ______, everyone knows his role in the society. A. hemisphere B. contempt C. controversy D. hierarchy