阅读理解No one can be a great thinker who does not realize that as a thinker it is her first duty to follow her intellect to whatever conclusions it may lead

阅读理解Passage 2 The other day, I walked into an airport mens room, which was empty except for one man, who appeared to be having a loud, animated conversation with a urinal

阅读理解Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. For each of them there are four choices marked A.,B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice.Passage 2Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a windowopens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated hisrevolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s,neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural repairwork that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat,regulating moods while the brain is “off line.” And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mentalevents can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. “It’syour dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center, “if you don’t like it,change it.”The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem tohave more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they areworking through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily lifewe don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events—until appears, we begin to dream.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control overrecurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you wouldlike it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practicepeople can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us fromsleeping or “we wake up in panic”. Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings ofinsecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from atherapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep-or rather dream-on it andyou’ll feel better in the morning.

阅读理解Passage 1 By far the most common snake in Britain is the adder

阅读理解One of the first men to make a commercial success of food conservation was Henry John Heinz

阅读理解Passage Three A new low carbon home in Hawkhurst, in Tunbridge Wells, Kent, built with the latest green technologies is expected to slash energy bills by around three quarters

阅读理解Passage 3 Ask motorcyclists why they love to ride two-wheelers, and they often wax poetic

阅读理解Believe it or not, optical illusion（错觉）can cut highway crashes

阅读理解Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D.. You should deicide the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneFor years there have been endless articles stating that scientists are on the verge of achieving artificial intelligence and that it is just around the corner. The truth is that it may be just around the corner but they haven’t yet found the right block.Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that can think. One immediate problem is to define thought, which is harder than you might think. The specialists in the field of artificial intelligence complain, with some justification, that anything that their machines do is dismissed as not being thought. For example, computers can now play very, very good chess. They can’t beat the greatest players in the world, but they can beat just about anybody else. If a human being played chess at this level, he or she would certainly be considered smart. Why not a machine? The answer is that the machine doesn’t do anything clever in playing chess. It uses its blinding speed to do a brute-force search of all possible moves for several moves ahead, evaluates the outcomes and picks the best. Humans don’t play chess that way. They see patterns, which computers don’t.This wooden approach to thought characterizes machine intelligence. Computers have no judgment, no flexibility, no common sense. So-called expert systems, one of the hottest areas in artificial intelligence, aim to mimic the reasoning processes of human experts in a limited field, such as medical diagnosis or weather forecasting. There may be limited commercial applications for this sort of thing, but there is no way to make a machine think about anything under the sun, which a teenager can do. The hallmark of artificial intelligence to date is that if a problem is severely restricted, a machine can achieve limited success. But when the problem is expanded to a realistic one, computers fall flat on their display screens. For example, machines can understand a few words spoken individually by a speaker that they have been trained to hear. They cannot understand continuous speech using an unlimited vocabulary spoken by just any speaker.

阅读理解TEXT 3 Incidents like this are happening every day

阅读理解A is for always getting to work on time

阅读理解Yellow, when golden, connotes quality, but in its more garish shades evokes the cut-rate, not always an undesirable effect

阅读理解Human Beings are odd creatures sometimes

阅读理解I think of good manners as a sort of hidden beauty secret

阅读理解Passage 4 I was just a boy when my father brought me to Harlem for the first time, almost 50 years ago

阅读理解Passage 3 My grandparents believed you were either honest or you werent

阅读理解Text 3 How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when we are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life

阅读理解With a presidential campaign, health care and the gun control debate in the news these days, one cant help getting sucked into the flame wars that Internet comment threads

阅读理解Passage 3 Rose Saxon, the Queen of Romance Comics, was at her drawing board in the garage of her house in Bloomtown, New York

阅读理解Passage 3 Recent debates about the economy have rediscovered the question, is that right?, where right means more than just profits or efficiency