When he arrived in America, he was surprised to learn that the mayor of the city was Chinese by ______.

______ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.

SOHO

I am surprised ______ this city is a dull place to live in.

当人们聚在一起的时候，无论做其他什么事情——不管是玩耍、争吵，交朋友，还是造汽车，他们都要说话。我们生活在一个语言的世界里。我们与朋友、同事交谈，与妻子、丈夫或情人交谈，与师长、父母或姻亲交谈，我们还和公车司机甚至是陌生人交谈。我们面对面交谈也会通过电话交谈，而每个人都用更多的语言回应。电视和广播则进一步助长了这种滔滔不绝的谈话现象。我们醒着的时候几乎没有一刻能离开语言。即使在梦中，我们也说话或听别人说话。在没人答话时，我们照样说话。我们中有些人在熟睡时大声说话，有时候我们与宠物说话，有时候还会自言自语。 拥有语言，或许比别的任何特征，更能把人类与其他动物区分开来。要了解人类，就得了解使我们成为人的语言的本质。根据许多民族的神话和宗教，语言才是人类生活和力量的源泉。对一些非洲人来说，一个新生的婴儿只是一件“东西”，还不是一个“人”。一个孩子只有通过学习才能成为人。因此，根据这一传统，我们都是因为至少掌握了一种语言才变成“人”的。

The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs ______ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.

闪婚

She had a strong ______ to give a talk about her experiences, because she didn't like the limelight.

______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.

Cynics believe that people who ______ compliments do so in order to be praised twice.

The discovery that, fiction excluded, all bodies fall at the same rate is so simple to state and to grasp that there is a tendency to ______ its significance.

The path follows the river closely, occasionally ______ round a clump of trees.

《孙子兵法》

The ship ______ at Sydney and we spent a day touring the city.

economic recession

Passage Four If you choose lobster from a menu, then wherever you are in the world, the odds are that your dinner may have come from Arichat in Nova Scotia. The lobster, trapped off the Canadian coast, would have been driven to Louisville, Kentucky, where, cocooned in gel packs and styrofoam, it went for a wild ride on the carousels of the UPS superhub, where 17,000 high-speed conveyor belts, carrying more than 8m packages a week, whisk your living lobster to a plane and on onto tables across the globe. John McPhee's new book is about supply lines: how a lobster shares a conveyor belt with Bentley spare parts and jockey underwear. It is about boats, trains and trucks, but mostly it is about the people who drive, tend and love the machines. Don Ainsworth owns an 18-wheeler with 'a tractor of such dark sapphire that only bright sunlight could bring forth its colour.' To wash his truck Mr. Ainsworth uses only water that has either been de-ionised or has undergone reverse-osmosis; anything else leaves spots. 'This is as close as a man will ever know', he says, 'what it feels like to be a truly gorgeous woman. People give us looks, going thumbs up.' He carries chemicals all across North America where his enemies are gators, bears and four-wheelers.' Gators are huge strips of shredded tyre littering the highways and just one of them 'can rip off your fuel-crossover line'. A bear is a policeman, while a four-wheeler is any vehicle that has fewer than 18 wheels. They buzz around like gnats, seemingly unaware that a real vehicle, one with 18 wheels or more, cannot stop on a dime. The Billy Joe Bolingis a towboat which, perversely, pushes 15 barges up the Illinois River. The barges carry 30,000 tons of pig-iron, steel, coils, fertiliser and furnace coke. Lashed together with steel cables which are then tightened with cheater bars, the Billy Joe Bolingshoves forward a metal raft that is longer than an aircraft carrier. Along the way, the captain copes with bridges, locks, currents, shoals, winter ice 18 inches thick and summer ladies flashing at him. ' We brought 12,000 tons of coke up the Illinois River,' the skipper tells the author, 'and now we're pushing 14,000 tons of coke down the Illinois River. One day they'll figure it out and put us out of a job.' The bosses also want to put the drivers of the coal train out of a job. They dream of automated trains running endlessly along the 1,800 miles between the strip-mines of the Powder River Basin and Georgia's Plant Scherer, the world's largest coal-fired power station. A mile-and-half long train has 133 gondolas, each of which carries 115 tons of coal, and the whole trainload will keep Plant Scherer burning for just eight hours. This book will keep you much longer. It is Mr. McPhee at his wise, wry best, writing in top gear which, as Mr Ainsworth will tell you, is the 18th: 'the going home gear, the smoke hole'.

Passage Two Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist. This book is written for the intelligent student of lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who has been presented with science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or independently of any course—simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture. We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populated it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not a unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human equally. We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn't take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.

She was extremely lucky; when her great-uncle died, she ______ a fortune.

三通

The ______ of smoking among women, formerly negligible, has grown to such a degree that lung cancer has become the chief causer of cancer-related deaths among women.