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保健食品

James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ______ until yesterday.

ENS

Parents make many ______ for their children, which in turn creates children's further emotional dependence on them.

They reported the loss and gave all the necessary ______ to the police.

silicon chip

GPS

The young lovers were not allowed to get married because their two families were ______ enemies.

He had lived illegally in the United States for five years after his visitor's visa ______.

CAT

Passage One Discussion of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States has focused on two factors: social standing and the loss of national culture. In general, excessive stress is placed on one factor or the other, depending on whether fine commentator is North American or Puerto Rica. Many American social scientists, such as Oscar Handlin, Joseph Fitzpatrick, and Oscar Lewis, consider Puerto Ricans as the most recent in a long line of ethnic entrants to occupy the lowest rung on the social ladder. Such a 'socio-demographic' approach tends to regard assimilation as a benign process, taking for granted increased economic advantage and inevitable cultural integration, in a supposedly egalitarian context. However, this approach fails to take into account the colonial nature of the Puerto Rican case, with this group, unlike their European predecessors, coming from a nation politically subordinated to the United States. Even the 'radical' critiques of this mainstream research model, such as the critique developed in Divided Society, attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility, and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority. In contrasts, the 'Colonialist' approach of island-based writers such as Eduardo Seda-Bonilla, Manuel Maldonado-Denis, and Lius Nieves-Falcon tends to view assimilation as the forced loss of national culture in an unequal contest with imposed foreign values. There is, of course, a strong tradition of culture accommodation among other Puerto Rican thinkers. The writings of Eugenio Fernandez Mendez clearly exemplify this tradition, and many supporters of Puerto Rico's commonwealth status share the same universalizing orientation. But the Puerto Rican intellectuals who have written most about the assimilation process in the United States all advance cultural nationalist views, advocating the preservation of minority cultural distinctions and rejecting what they see as the subjugation of colonial nationalities. This cultural and political emphasis is appropriate, but the colonialist thinkers misdirect it, overlooking the class relations at work in both Puerto Rican and North American history. They pose the clash of national cultures as an absolute polarity, with each culture understood as static and undifferentiated. Yet both the Puerto Rican and North American traditions have been subject to constant challenge from cultural forces within their own societies; forces that may move toward each other in ways that cannot be written off as mere 'assimilation'. Consider, for example, the indigenous and Afro-Caribbean traditions in Puerto Rican' culture and how they influence and are influenced by other Caribbean cultures and Black cultures in the United States. The elements of Coercion and inequality, so central to cultural contact according to the colonialist framework, play no role in this kind of convergence of racially and ethnically different elements of the same class.

扫盲

Carbon monoxide, funned by the incomplete combustion of some carbonaceous material, has been a ______ to humans since the domestication of fire.

A physician starCs playing a harsh mental tape in her head every time a new patient calls: What if I make the wrong diagnosis? I'm a terrible doctor. Haw did I get into medical school? An executive loses his jab despite 25 productive years, he tells himself: I'm a loser. I can't provide far my family, and I'll never be able to do it again. If these real-life examples sound familiar, you may have a caustic commentary running in your head, too. Psychologists say many of their patients are plagued by a harsh Inner Critic--including some extremely successful people who think it's the secret to their success. An Inner Critic can indeed raust you out of bed in the morning, get you an the treadmill (literally and figuratively) and spur you to finish that book or symphony or invention. But the desire to achieve can get hijacked by harsh judgment and unrelenting fear. Unrelenting self-criticism often goes hand in hand with anxiety, and it may even predict depression. Self-criticism is also a factor in eating disorders, and body disorder—that is, preoccupation with one's perceived physical flaws. Many people's Inner Critic makes an appearance early in life and is such a constant companion that it's part of their personality. Psychologists say that children, parCicularly those with a genetic predisposition to depression, may internalize and exaggerate the expectations of parents or peers or socIety one theory is that selt-criticism is anger turned lnward, when sufferers are filled wlth hostllIty but too atraid and lnsecure to let it out. Other theories hoId that people who scoId themseIves are acting out guilt or shame or subconsciousIy shieIding themseIves against criticism from others: Y0u can't tell me anything l don't aIready tell myself, even in harsher terms. Techniques from cognitive behavioraI therapy can be heIpfuIin changing patterns of thought that have become painful. There are many patients, such as doctors, lawyers—who beIieved that if they didn't flog themseIves, they wouldn't be successful. And part of psychologists'work is to break through that belief by telling the patients that they usuaIIy succeed in spite of their inner Critics, not because of them(360 words) [Key words] depression 抑郁症 cognitive behavioral therapy 认知行为疗法

Since the World Wide Web was created in 1990, the only way to get onto the internet has been through a computer, a costly box that ______ people as much today as the telephone did 50 years ago.

In its more extreme forms persecution mania is a recognized form of insanity. Some people imagine that others wish to kill them, or imprison them, or to do them some other grave injury. Often the wish to protect themselves from imaginary persecutors　　　 1 ______ leads them into acts of violence which make it necessary to restrain their liberty. This, like many other forms of insanity, is only an exaggeration of tendency not at all uncommon among　　　　　　 2 ______ people who count as normal. I do not propose to discuss the extreme forms, that are a matter for a psychiatrist.　　　　　　　 3 ______ It is the milder forms that I wish to consider, since they　　　　　 4 ______ are a very frequent cause of unhappiness, and because, not having gone much far as to produce definite insanity, they　　　　　　　　　 5 ______ are still capable of being dealt by the patient himself,　　　　　　　 6 ______ provided he can be induced to diagnose his trouble right and to see that its origin lies within himself and　　　　　　　 7 ______ not in the supposed hostility and unkindness of others.　　　　　　　　 8 ______ We are all familiar with the type of person, man or woman, who, according to his own account, is perpetually the victim of ingratitude, unkindness, and treachery. People of such kind　　　　　 9 ______ are often extraordinarily plausible, and secure warm sympathy from those who have not known them long. There is, as a rule, nothing inherently improbable about every separate　　　　 10 ______ story that they relate.

WHO

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