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问答题One criticism levelled at such studies is that it is difficult to tell if mobile phones are promoting growth, or growth is promoting the adoption of mobile phones, as people become able to afford them. It is easy to imagine ways in which mobile phones could stimulate economic activity-- they make up for poor infrastructure by substituting for travel, allow price data to be distributed and enable traders to engage with wider markets, and so on. Furthermore, phones do this without the need for government intervention. Mobile phone networks are built by private companies, not governments or charities, and are economically self-sustaining. Mobile operators build and run them because they make a profit doing so, and fishermen, carpenters and porters are willing to pay for the service because it increases their profits. The resulting welfare gains are indicated by the profitability of both the operators and their customers. All governments have to do is to issue licenses to operators, establish a clear and transparent regulatory framework and then wait for the phones to work their economic magic.

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问答题我的技艺，我的头脑，我的心灵，我的身体，若不善加利用，都将随着时间的流逝而迟钝、腐朽、甚至死亡。我的潜力无穷无尽，脑力、体能稍加开发，就能超过以往的任何成就。从今天开始，我就要开发潜力。 我不再因昨日的成绩沾沾自喜，不再为微不足道的成绩自吹自擂。我能做得比已经完成的更好。我的出生并非最后一个奇迹，为什么自己不能再创奇迹呢？ 我不是随意来到这个世上的。我生来应为高山，而非草芥。从今往后，我要竭尽全力成为群峰之巅。将我的潜能发挥到最大限度。

问答题The effect of governmental expenditures on the total economy varies with both the level of utilization of labor and capital in the economy at the time of the expenditure, and the segment of the economy which receives the expenditure. If the economy as a whole or the segment of the economy which is the focus of the expenditure is operating at capacity or close to capacity, then the expenditure's major effects will tend to be inflationary, and will not generate much employment of capital and labor. If the economy or sector is operating at much less than full employment, the expenditure will produce a genuine (non-inflationary) rise in the GNP. A true measure of the effect of governmental increase in the amount of money made available, then, is not the simple dollar value of the initial injection but the cumulative effect of this injection through spending and re-spending. In the optimum case the initial expansion of income flow could be great enough to produce tax revenues in excess of the original "deficit spending" or the "tax cut", so that deficits are not only smaller than the increased GNP but are recouped. In Keynesian economics the fundamental point of government policy clearly is not budget-balancing but spending in the event of unused productive capacity and unemployment. Spending increases productivity. This productivity resulting from federal spending has overwhelmed the older economic myths of the balanced budget where government is conceived of as just another business firm.

问答题Questions 7～10 In nearly 200 years of recorded stock-market history, no calendar decade has seen such a dismal performance as the 2000s. Investors would have been better off investing in pretty much anything else, from bonds to gold or even just stuffing money under a mattress. Since the end of 1999, stocks traded on the New York Stock Exchange have lost an average of 0.5% a year thanks to the twin bear markets this decade. The period has provided a lesson for ordinary Americans who used stocks as their primary way of saving for retirement. Many investors were lured to the stock market by the bull market that began in the early 1980s and gained force through the 1990s. But coming out of the 1990s, the best calendar decade in history with a 17.6% average annual gain, stocks simply had gotten too expensive. Companies also pared dividends, cutting into investor returns. And in a time of financial panic like 2008, stocks were a terrible place to invest. The decline edges out the 0.2% decline stocks suffered during the Depression years of the 1930s, which up until now held the title of worst decade. And it is worse than other decades with financial panics, such as in 1907 and 1893. Even the 1970s, when a bear market was coupled with inflation, wasn't as bad as the most recent period. The S＆P 500 lost 1.4% after inflation during that decade. That is especially disappointing news for investors, considering that a key goal of investing in stocks is to increase money faster than inflation. "This decade is the big loser." said Mr. Jones. For investors counting on stocks for retirement plans, the most recent decade means many have fallen behind retirement goals. Many financial plans assume a 10%0 annual return for stocks over the long term, but over the last 20 years, the S＆P 500 is registering 8.2% annual gains. Should stocks average 10% a year for the next decade, that would lift the 30-year average return to only 8.8%, said North Carolina State's Mr. Jones. It is even worse news for those who started investing in 2000; a 10% return a year would get them up to only 4.4% a year. There were ways to make money in U. S. stocks during the last decade. But the returns paled in comparison with those posted in the 1990s. Of the 30 stocks today that comprise the Dow Jones Industrial Average, only 13 are up since the end of 1999, and just two, Caterpillar Inc. and United Technologies Corp., doubled over the 10-year span. So what went wrong for the U.S. stock market? For starters, it turned out that the old rules of valuation matter. "We came into this decade horribly overpriced," said Jeremy Grantham, co-founder of money managers GMO LLC. In late 1999, the stocks in the S＆P 500 were trading at about an all-time high of 44 times earnings, based on Yale professor Robert Shiller's measure, which tracks prices compared with 10-year earnings and adjusts for inflation. That compares with a long-run average of about 16. Buying at those kinds of values, "you'd better believe you're going to get dismal returns for a considerable chunk of time," said Mr. Grantham, whose firm predicted 10 years ago that the S＆P 500 likely would lose nearly 2% a year in the 10 years through 2009. Despite the woeful returns this decade, stocks today aren't a steal. The S＆P is trading at a price-to-earnings ratio of about 20 on Mr. Shiller's measure. Mr. Grantham thinks U.S. large-cap stocks are about 30% overpriced, which means returns should be about 30% less than their long-term average for the next seven years. That means returns of just 1.6% a year before adding in inflation. Another hurdle for the stock market has been the decline in dividends that began in the late 1980s. Over the long term, dividends have played an important role in helping stocks achieve a 9.5% average annual return since 1926. But since that year, the average yield on S＆P 500 stocks was roughly 4%. This decade it has averaged about 1.8%, said North Carolina State's Mr. Jones. That difference "doesn't sound like much," said Mr. Jones, "but you've got to make it up through price appreciation. " Unless dividends rise back toward their long-term averages, Mr. Jones thinks investors may need to lower expectations. Rather than the nearly 10% a year that has been the historical average, stocks may be good for only about 7%.1.Why does Mr. Jones say "This decade is the big loser"? (Para.5)

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问答题Topic: Can shopping vouchers increase consumption? Questions for Reference: 1. To stimulate consumption, which is more effective, tax reduction or shopping vouchers? 2. What are the major purposes of issuing shopping vouchers? 3. In what way can the shopping vouchers best be distributed? Shall every citizen be given the same amount of shopping vouchers or should the vouchers be limited to the lower-income people only?

问答题月光如流水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里。叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样；又像笼着轻纱的梦。虽然是满月，天上却有一层淡淡的云，所以不能朗照；但我以为这恰是到了好处——酣眠固不可少，小睡也别有风味的。月光是隔了树照过来的，高处丛生的灌木，落下参差的斑驳的黑影，峭愣愣如鬼一般；弯弯的杨柳的稀疏的倩影，却又像是画在荷叶上。塘中的月色并不均匀；但光与影有着和谐的旋律，如梵婀玲上奏着的名曲。

问答题金钱与时间 大多数的人永远都嫌自己不够有钱。然而社会学家发现，当人们真正有了钱之后，又会抱怨自己没有足够的时间。从很多的例子可以看出，越是有钱的人越没有时间，而穷人和那些失业的人，每天闲得难受。 人们追求财富，目的是为了让生活过得更好，可奇怪的是，人们一旦有了钱，反而更忙碌，更无法舒舒服服地过日子。 当生活不富裕的时候，很多人都幻想过“等我有了钱以后就可以怎么样怎么样”。在人们的想象中，“有钱”代表自由、独立、随心所欲；夏天可以到海边度假；冬天可以到山上去滑雪。 然而，当人们真富有了，却发现自己根本无法去实现这些梦想，理由永远只有一个：“没时间!”不少高收入的人，像律师、医生、经理、会计师等等，几乎都是工作狂，平均一天工作10到12小时，到了周末、节假日还是要加班，生活中只有工作、工作。对于他们来说，时间就是金钱，他们有意无意地把时间都花在了赚钱上，根本没有空余时间做其他事情。 看来，“有钱”和“有闲”永远都难以两全。金钱是永远也赚不完的，而人生的时间却是有限的。难怪有人说：“当你年轻、没钱时，希望能用时间去换金钱；当你有钱后，却很难再用金钱买回时间。”金钱是要有的，但时间更值得珍惜。懂得如何处理金钱和时间的关系的人才是一个聪明人。

问答题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} {{I}}In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.{{/I}}

问答题网上课程(又称远程教育)，是当今教育界的热门新趋势。越来越多的院校在网上提供课程。(在大学课程方面，他们所花费的钱与传统教学方式一样。网上教学有类似的每周作业及读书任务。二者不同之处是在于课堂的参与形式)。一般地说，学生们每周都要聚集在网上与教授探讨问题，然而这种讨论并非同时进行。(你可通过网络了解到别人的观点，然后有机会时再借助网络发出你的意见)。你通过发电子邮件的方式提交你的书面作业。每隔一段时间，你还需要参加有监考的考试，这样才能拿到学分。商业管理以及信息技术这些有助于事业发展的课程是最受欢迎的。不过，你也同样能在网络上找到各种各样的文科课程，从电影理论到中世纪历史以及外语学习等。 鉴于网上课程对于那些工作繁忙的人极为有益，常常会激起学生的兴趣和参与意识。因此越来越多的名牌大学，包括复旦大学、美国的斯坦福大学等等，都开始在网上设立一些课程。

问答题 亚太经济合作组织与中国 亚太经济合作组织(亚太经合组织)成立于1989年11月，是当今亚太地区进行官方合作的一个地区性经济组织。该组织的涪动主要包括三个方面，即贸易投资自由化、商业活动便利化和经济技术合作。这一组织在全球经济活动中具有举足轻重的地位。 亚太经合组织现有成员21个。1991年，中国大陆与香港、台湾地区同时加入该组织。亚太经合组织既为中国参与地区乃至世界经济活动提供了舞台，同时也促进了中国加快对外开放的进程。 参与亚太经合组织对中国的影响是多方面的。首先，有利于扩大中国在地区中的经济利益。亚太地区是中国对外经济利益的主要所在。中国贸易额的80%是与亚太地区国家开展的，90%以上的外资来源于亚太地区国家。借助亚太经合组织，中国可以与其他成员共同致力于亚太地区的共同发展，从而为中国经济、也可为亚太经济的发展作出贡献。 其次，借助这一地区论坛，有利于中国与其他成员进行政策交流。每年一度的领导人非正式聚会，不仅为中国加强与其他成员国的相互了解提供了一个宽松的渠道，更主要的是传递了中国的对外政策，传达中国对外开放与国内改革的信息，有力地促进了中国经济的整体发展。 作为亚太经合组织中的最大发展中国家，中国自1991年加入该组织以来，本着平等互利、协商一致、求同存异、自主自愿的原则，坚持贸易投资自由化与经济技术合作并重的方针，全面参与了亚太经合组织的各项活动，对亚太地区合作进程发挥了积极作用。

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问答题The Difficulty of Translation Since translating is a skill which requires considerable practice, most people assume that it can be taught, and to some extent this is true. But it is also true that really exceptional translators are born, not made. Potential translators must have a high level of aptitude for the creative use of language, or they are not likely to be outstanding in their profession. Perhaps the greatest benefit from instruction in translating is to become aware of one"s own limitations, something which a translator of Steinbeck"s of Mice and Men into Chinese should have learned. Then he would not have translated English mule-skinner into a Chinese phrase meaning "a person who skins the hide of a mule". For many people the need for human translation seems paradoxical in this age of computers. Some modern computers can be loaded with dictionaries and grammars, why not let computers do the work? Computers can perform certain very simple interlingual tasks, providing there is sufficient pre-editing and post-editing. But neither advertising brochures nor lyric poetry can ever been reduced to the kind of logic required of computer programs. Computer printouts of translations can often be understood, if the persons involved already know what the text is supposed to say. But the results of machine translating are usually in an unnatural form of language and sometimes just plain weird. Furthermore, real improvements will not come from merely doctoring the program or adding rules. The human brain is not only digital and analogic, but it also has a built-in system of values which gives it a componentially incalculable advantage over machines. Human translators will always be necessary for any text that is stylistically appealing and semantically complex—which includes most of what is worth communicating in another language. The most difficult texts to translate are not, however, highly literary productions, but rather those texts which say nothing, the type of language often used by politicians and delegates to international forums. In fact, a group of professional translators at the United Nations headquarters in New York City have insisted that the most difficult text to translate is one in which the speaker or writer has attempted to say nothing. The next most difficult type of text is one filled with irony and sarcasm, since in a written text the paralinguistic clues to the meaning are usually much more difficult to detect than when someone is speaking. And perhaps the third most difficult type of text is a book or article on translating in which the illustrative examples rarely match. Some people imagine that the greatest problem in translating is to find the right words and constructions in the receptor or target language. On the contrary, the most difficult task for the translator is to understand thoroughly the designative and associative meanings of the text to be translated. This involves not only knowing the meanings of the words and the syntactic relations, but also being sensitive to all the nuances of the stylist device. As one struggling translator summed up his problem, "if I really understood what the text means, I could easily translate it."

问答题{{B}}Sectence Translation{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences {{B}}ONLY ONCE.{{/B}} After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your {{B}}ANSWER BOOKLET.{{/B}}

问答题糊涂一词在字典中的定义是：愚蠢的，傻的，荒谬的。我知道很多人都不想被人看作愚笨。所以他们在生活中始终一脸严肃，而这在本质上才是真正的愚笨。人无完人，我重申一次：没有人是完美的。我不在乎一个人学识多深，身材多好，外表多美，思想多浅薄，生活多俭朴，多富有，等等……人无完人!那么，为什么要伪装成我们实际上本不是的呢?人生何其短暂……你不会知道这美好的征程何时会结束。那么，为什么要浪费一分一秒，让自己变得棱角分明?这里引用索萨(Souza)的话，我觉得她一语中的，是人生的一大秘方：“跳舞吧，就像没有人欣赏一样；去爱吧，就像没有受到伤害一样；唱歌吧，就像没有人倾听一样；生活吧，就像今天是最后一天一样。”

问答题一天王安经过一棵大树时，突然有一只小麻雀掉在地上。他决定把它带回去喂养。走到家门口，突然想起妈妈不允许他在家里养小动物，他悄悄地把小麻雀放在门后，急忙走进屋去，在他的 哀求下妈妈破例答应了儿子。 　　王安兴冲冲跑到门后，不料小麻雀不见了，一只黑猫在擦拭嘴巴。王安为此伤心了很久。从此，他吸取了一个很大的教训：只要自己认定的事情， 决不可优柔寡断， 犹豫不决自然可以减少犯错的可能性， 但也会因此而失去成功的机遇。