问答题与此相对的是“啃老族”的出现。作为“80后”的一员，他们选择了逃避。上学时心安理得地花着家里的钱。毕业时却找出各种理由不肯就业，家里托关系给安排了，又以种种借口推托。而他们每天的生活就是中午时才起床，早饭午饭合二为一后，要么上网，要么找同样赋闲的朋友去逛街，还要买回一大堆价格不菲的东西，美其名曰提高生活质量，当然，父母还要为他们埋单。这其中有很多还是普通工薪阶层的家庭，辛苦把孩子养到大学毕业，却还要继续养下去，至于期限，就要看这个孩子何时醒悟了。

问答题Topic: Will petty criminals get light punishment? Questions for Reference: 1. A new prosecution guideline was recently released: people convicted of petty crimes may get light punishment if they are minors, the elderly people, and people who have slightly breached the law because of poverty. What do you think of this new law? 2. This new law is said to be a humane practice and it will help them put their lives back in order and better serve their families. Do you think it can achieve its end? 3. Some people think that if petty crimes are not punished in a timely way, more serious consequences will follow. What do you think of this argument?

问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese. After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into English. Start interpreting at the signal...and stop it at the signal... You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now, let us begin Part B with the first passage.

问答题Questions 4～6 Some people might want a "double tall skinny hazelnut decal latte", but Howard Schultz is not one of them. The chairman and "chief global strategist" of the Starbucks coffee chain prefers a Sumatra roast with no milk, no sugar and poured from a French press—the kind of pure coffee, in fact, favored by those coffee snobs who sneer at Starbucks, not just for its bewildering variety of choice and flavors (55,000 different drinks, by the company"s count), but for its very ubiquity—over 10,500 locations around the world, increasing at a rate of five a day, and often within sight of each other. Starbucks knows it cannot ignore its critics. Anti-globalization protesters have occasionally trashed its coffee shops; posh neighborhoods in San Francisco and London have resisted the opening of new branches; and the company is a favorite target of internet critics, on sites like www. ihatestarbucks, com. Mr. Schultz is watchful, but relaxed: "We have to be extremely mindful and sensitive of the public"s view of things... Thus far, we"ve done a pretty good job." Certainly, as reviled icons of American capitalism go, Starbucks is distinctly second division compared with big leaguers like, say, McDonald"s. The reason, argues Mr. Schultz, is that the company has retained a "passion" for coffee and a "sense of humanity". Starbucks buys expensive beans and pays its growers—be they in Guatemala or Ethiopia—an average of 23 % above the market price. A similar benevolence applies to company employees. Where other corporations seek to unload the burden of employee benefits, Starbucks gives all American employees working at least 20 hours a week a package that includes stock options ("Bean Stock") and comprehensive health insurance. For Mr. Schultz, raised in a Brooklyn public-housing project, this health insurance-which now costs Starbucks more each year than coffee—is a moral obligation. At the age of seven, he came home to find his father, a lorry-driver, in a plaster cast, having slipped and broken an ankle. No insurance, no compensation and now no job. Hence what amounts to a personal crusade? Most of America"s corporate chiefs steer clear of the sensitive topic of health-care reform. Not Mr. Schultz. He makes speeches, lobbies politicians and has even hosted a commercial-free hour of television, arguing for reform of a system that he thinks is simultaneously socially unjust and a burden on corporate America. Meanwhile the company pays its workers" premiums, even as each year they rise by double-digit percentages. The goal has always been "to build the sort of company that my father was never able to work for." By this he means a company that "remains small even as it gets big", treating its workers as individuals. Starbucks is not alone in its emphasis on "social responsibility", but the other firms Mr. Schultz cites off the top of his head—Timberland, Patagonia, Whole Foods—are much smaller than Starbucks, which has 100,000 employees and 35m customers. Indeed, size has been an issue from the beginning. Starbucks, named after the first mate in Herman Melville"s "Moby Dick", was created in 1971 in Seattle"s Pike Place Market by three hippie-ish coffee enthusiasts. Mr. Schuhz, whose first "decent cup of coffee" was in 1979, joined the company only in 1982—and then left it in 1985 after the founding trio, preferring to stay small, took fright at his vision of the future. Inspired by a visit to Milan in 1983, he had envisaged a chain of coffee bars where customers would chat over their espressos and cappuccinos. Following his dream, Mr. Schultz set up a company he called "I1 Giornale", which grew to modest three coffee bars. Then, somehow scraping together $ 3.8m ("I didn"t have a dime to my name"), he bought Starbucks from its founders in 1987. Reality long ago surpassed the dream. Since Starbucks went public in 1992, its stock has soared by some 6,400%. The company is now in 37 different countries. China, which has over 200 stores, will eventually be its biggest market after America, and Russia, Brazil and India are all in line to be colonized over the next three years. The long-term goal is to double the number of American outlets to 15,000—not least by opening coffee shops along highways—and to have an equal number abroad. No doubt the coffee snobs will blanch at the prospect. Yet they miss three points. The first is that, thanks to Starbucks, today"s Americans are no longer condemned to drink the insipid, over- percolated brew that their parents endured. The second, less recognized, is that because Starbucks has created a mass taste for good coffee, small, family-owned coffee houses have also prospered (and no one has ever accused Starbucks, with its $ 4 lattes, of undercutting the competition). The most important point, however, is that Mr. Schultz"s Starbucks cultivates a relationship with its customers. Its stores sell carefully selected (no hip-hop, but plenty of world music and jazz) CD-compilations, such as Ray Charles"s "Genius Loves Company". Later this year the company will promote a new film, "Akeelah and the Bee", and will take a share of the profits. There are plans to promote books. Customers can even pay with their Starbucks "Duetto" Visa card. Short of some health scare that would bracket coffee with nicotine, there is no obvious reason why Starbucks should trip up, however ambitious its plans and however misconceived the occasional project (a magazine called "Joe" flopped after three issues, and the Mazagran soft drink, developed with Pepsi, was also a failure). Mr. Schultz says: "I think we have the license from our customers to do more. " The key is that each Starbucks coffee house should remain "a third place", between home and work, fulfilling the same role as those Italian coffee houses that so inspired him 23 years ago.

问答题有时候发生在你身上的一些事情起初看起来很可怕、很痛苦、很不公平，但是深思熟虑之后你会发现，如果没有克服过这些困难，你就永远不会意识到自己的潜力、实力、毅力和勇气。疾病、伤害、错失真正伟大的时刻以及极度愚蠢的言行，所有这些事情的出现都是在考验你灵魂的极限。无论它们是什么，如果不经历这些小的考验，你的生活只是一条平坦之路，却毫无目的。它也许是安全而舒适的，但也是枯燥和毫无意义的。如果某些人伤害了你，背叛了你或者伤了你的心，请原 谅他们，因为是他们帮助你明白了什么是信任，帮助你懂得了要谨慎选择你要交心的人。珍惜每一天，珍惜每一刻，并且带走每一刻所能得到的东西，因为你可能再也不能重复这个过程了。跟那些你从来没有说过话的人说话，并且倾听他们的话语。你可以做任何你想做的事情。创造自己的生活，然后走出去，去毫无遗憾地享受生活吧。

问答题Hackers never were part of the mainstream establishment, but their current reputation as villains of cyberspace is a far cry from the early days when, first and foremost, they were seen as ardent if quirky programmers, capable of near-miraculous, unorthodox feats of machine manipulation. True, their dedication bordered on fanaticism, and their living habits bordered on the unsavory. But the shift in popular perception to hackers as deviants and criminals is important not only because it affects the hackers themselves and the extraordinary culture that has grown around them (fascinating as a subject in its own right), but because it reflects shifts in the development, governance, and meaning of the new information technology. These shifts should be questioned and resisted. They unfairly cast hackers in a disreputable light and, more important, they deny the rest of us a political opportunity. In the early decades- 1960s and 1970s- although hacker antics and political ideology frequently led to skirmishes with the authorities, hackers were generally tolerated with grudging admiration. Even the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the funding agency widely credited for sponsoring invention of the Internet, not only turned a blind eye to unofficial hacker activities but indirectly sponsored some of them. Eric Raymond, prolific philosopher of the Open Source movement, suggests that for DARPA "the extra overhead was a small price to pay for attracting an entire generation of bright young people into the computing field."

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问答题Since Darwin, biologists have been firmly convinced that nature works without plan or meaning, pursuing no aim by the direct road of design. But today we see that this conviction is a fatal error. Why should evolution, exactly as Darwin knew it and described it, be planless and irrational? Do not aircraft design engineers work, at precisely that point where specific calculations and plans give out, according to the same principle of evolution, when they test the serviceability of a great number of statistically determined forms in the wind tunnel, in order to choose the one that functions best? Can we say that there is no process of natural selection when nuclear physicists, through thousands of computer operations, try to find out which materials, in which combinations and with what structural form, are best suited to the building of an atomic reactor? They also practise no designed adaptation, but work by the principle of selection. But it would never occur to anyone to call their method planless and irrational.

问答题Many European countries have devoted a high proportion of their GDP to public spending and many governments cannot wait to get out of their new-found business of running banks and car companies. But the past decade has clearly produced changes which, taken cumulatively, have put the question of the state back at the centre of political debate. The obvious reason for the change is the financial crisis. As global markets collapsed, governments intervened on an unprecedented scale, injecting liquidity into their economies and taking over, or otherwise rescuing, banks and other companies that were judged "too big to fail". A few months after Lehman Brothers had collapsed, the American government was in charge of General Motors and Chrysler, the British government was running high street banks. The crisis upended conventional wisdom about the relative merits of governments and markets. Where government was once the problem, today the default villain is the market. Yet even before Lehman Brothers collapsed the state was on the march.

问答题英国是最先开始探索代议制的国家。早在13世纪，英国议会就初具雏形，成为世界上最古老的议会。在中国，以民为本和依法治国的思想自古有之。约四千年前，夏禹时期就有“民惟邦本，本固邦宁”的说法。中国古人认为：“国无常强，无常弱，奉法者强则国强，奉法者弱则国弱。”两千多年前，中国就有了成文的法典。现在，中国人民正在全面推进依法治国，既吸收中华法制的优良传统，也借鉴世界各国法治的有益做法，目标就是坚持法律面前人人平等，加快建设中国特色社会主义法治体系。在这方面，两国的立法机关可以加强交流互鉴。

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问答题What are the reasons for greater mobility in the Nordic countries?

问答题Questions 4～6 It is too early to say whether the recent declines in global stock markets signal anything out of the ordinary. Though large, they are hardly unprecedented: 8 percent for the Dow, 19 percent for Japan's Nikkei, 21.7 percent for Brazil's Bovespa (all changes are measured from recent highs, in April or May, until yesterdays closes). But the fact that they've occurred simultaneously suggests herd behavior. Spoiled by years of cheap credit, global investors seem to be reacting to the prospect of higher interest rates by fleeing stock markets almost everywhere. There is danger of a broader financial and economic setback. The riskiest and most mysterious aspect of the present situation is the increasingly global nature of investment capital. Once, capital was largely compartmentalized by nation Americans saved and invested in the United States; Germans saved and invested in Germany. This world is disappearing. It is now routine for pension funds, mutual funds and many wealthy investors to move money in and out of American, European, Asian and Latin American stocks and bonds. The magnitudes are immense. For 2004 the International Monetary Fund reports that. Americans invested $ 856 billion abroad, while foreigners invested $1.44 trillion in the United States. Some flows represented "foreign direct investment": buying factories, real estate or entire companies. But most flows involved corporate stocks and bonds, government bonds or international bank loans. The Japanese invested $ 414 billion abroad, and foreigners invested $ 273 billion in Japan. "Emerging market" countries (China, India, Brazil and many developing nations) received $ 570 billion in foreign investment and made $ 935 billion of investments abroad. About $ 515 billion of the outflow came from governments—dominated by China and other Asian nations—that reinvested their trade surpluses, often in U. S. Treasury bonds. Thirty years ago, these massive global money movements didn't exist. Most countries had extensive "capital controls" restricting how much (or whether) their citizens could invest abroad and how much (or whether) foreigners could invest in their countries. The United States was a major exception. A turning point was France's decision in the early 1980s to relax controls, says Rawi Abdelal of the Harvard Business School and author of the forthcoming Capital Rules: The Construction of Global Finance. The French concluded that controls were so widely evaded by the wealthy that they were impractical, he says. Once France changed, Europe moved to liberalize capital flows. Many other countries gradually joined for fear of losing in the worldwide chase for investment funds. In theory, liberalization benefits everyone. Capital flows to the most productive investments. Savers earn higher returns. Countries with good investment opportunities expand more rapidly. Huge capital inflows have dearly helped China by financing new factories with modern technology. In many ways, the world economy seems healthy. In 2006, the IMF predicts the fourth consecutive year of growth exceeding 4 percent. But there's a rub: Global finance has created new risks. At least two stand out. First, huge trade imbalances. The United States is running massive deficits, counterbalanced by big surpluses in China, Japan and other Asian countries. These imbalances occur in part because countries with trade surpluses can recycle their export earning—heavily in dollars—rather than buying imports or selling dollars for other currencies, leading to a dollar depreciation. That would lower the American trade deficit by making U. S. imports more expensive and U. S. exports less expensive. Most economists consider today's massive imbalances unsustainable. Second, worldwide financial crises. Global investors may move in herds, first pouring money into some countries—or investments—and then withdrawing abruptly. That's what happened in the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis. Capital flight plunged countries into deep recessions; investors suffered large losses. There are now fears that hedge funds and others may be similarly overexposed in some markets. (Hedge funds are lightly regulated pools of money, mostly from big and wealthy investors. They are estimated to control more than $1 trillion in financial assets.) Some economists, most prominently Stephen Roach of Morgan Stanley, consider the recent stock market declines a healthy sign. They signal a retreat from blatantly speculative behavior. A prolonged period of cheap credit pushed too much money into risky investments. Some investors put money into emerging-market stocks and bonds; others preferred commodities (gold, copper). Housing was the small investor's favorite. The result: a series of "bubbles" that are best punctured sooner rather than later.1.What is the present situation of global stock markets? What may be the consequences it lead to?

问答题Why are CEOs "slowly becoming a threat to the very system they claim to represent"?

问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.

问答题Graduates from under-privileged backgrounds are to challenge the elitism of the barristers" profession, under plans outlined today. Reforms aimed at challenging the dominance of the rich and privileged classes which are disproportionately represented among the membership of the Bar will tackle the decline in students from poorer backgrounds joining the profession. They include financial assistance as well as measures to end the "intimidating environment" of the barristers" chambers which young lawyers must join if they want to train as advocates. The increasing cost of the Bar and a perception that it is run by a social elite has halted progress in the greater inclusion of barristers from different backgrounds. A number of high- profile barristers, including the prime minister"s wife, Cherie Booth QC, have warned that without changes, the Bar will continue to be dominated by white, middle-class male lawyers. In a speech to the Social Mobility Foundation think tank in London this afternoon, Geoffrey Vos QC, Bar Council chairman, will say. "The Bar is a professional elite, by which I mean that the Bar"s membership includes the best-quality lawyers practicing advocacy and offering specialist legal advice in many specialist areas. That kind of elitism is meritocratic, and hence desirable." "Unfortunately, however, the elitism which fosters the high-quality services that the Bar stands for has also encouraged another form of elitism. That is elitism in the sense of exclusivity, exclusion, and in the creation of a profession which is barely accessible to equally talented people from less privileged backgrounds." East month, Mr.Vos warned that the future of the barristers" profession was threatened by an overemphasis on posh accents and public school education. Mr. Vos said then that people from ordinary backgrounds were often overlooked in favour of those who were from a "snobby" background. People from a privileged background were sometimes recruited even though they were not up to the job intellectually, he added. In his speech today, Mr. Vos will outline the "barriers to entry", to a career at the Bar and some of the ways in which these may be overcome. The Bar Council has asked the law lord, Lord Neuberger of Abbotsbury, to examine how these barriers can be overcome, and he will publish his interim report and consultation paper before Easter. He is expected to propose a placement programme to enable gifted children from state schools to learn about the Bar, the courts and barristers at first hand. The Bar Council is also working towards putting together a new package of bank loans on favourable terms to allow young, aspiring barristers from poorer backgrounds to finance the Bar vocational course year and then have the financial ability to establish themselves in practice before they need to repay. These loans would be available alongside the Inns of Court"s scholarship and awards programmes. Mr. Vos will say today. "I passionately believe that the professions in general, and the Bar in particular, must be accessible to the most able candidates from any background, whatever their race, gender, or socioeconomic group. "The Bar has done well in attracting good proportions of women and racial minorities and we must be as positive in attracting people from all socioeconomic backgrounds."

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问答题Room 101, the infamous "torture chamber" in George Orwell"s novel 1984, is to be preserved as a work of art by the BBC. Orwell, whose real name was Eric Blair, worked for the BBC"s Eastern Service during the second world war. He later described his time there as "futile" and likened the BBC to "a mixture of a whorehouse and a lunatic asylum". Room 101 of Broadcasting House, thought to have held bad memories for Orwell, featured in 1984 as the place where disloyal citizens face their innermost fears. "The thing that is in room 101 is the worst thing in the world," Orwell"s hero, Winston Smith, is told by his interrogator as a cage full of hungry rats is placed over his head. "When I press this ... lever the door of the cage will slide up. These starving brutes will shoot out of it like bullets ... They will leap onto your face and bore straight through it." Room 101, at the end of a first-floor corridor in Broadcasting House, is due to be demolished in the summer as part of a massive refurbishment. The BBC has asked Rachel Whiteread, who is best known for producing casts of objects such as the unused fourth plinth in Trafalgar Square, to tackle the room, which is now packed with pipes, shafts and boilers. "I"ve been to see it," said Whiteread last week. "I"d like to do something. " The BBC plans to display Whiteread"s replica of room 101 in one of several new public spaces in the new-look Broadcasting House. It has already begun to gut the inside of the building as part of a ￡400m plan to turn it into a huge radio and television newsroom, and a new home for the BBC World Service. About ￡5m has been set aside by John Smith, the BBC"s finance director, to spend on art and design. Alan Yentob, coordinator of the public art project, said. "We"ve been scandalous over the past 40 years in not concerning ourselves with art and design in our own buildings." Other leading artists, designers and photographers including Anish Kapoor, Fiona Rae, Cornelia Parker, Nick Danziger, and Richard Wentworth have agreed to produce work for the art scheme, although the replica of room 101 is likely to cause most interest. "It sounds fun, all the more so because Orwell hated the BBC," said his biographer Sir Bernard Crick. This June is the 100th anniversary of Orwell"s birth in India. Once in England, the former public-school boy and policeman took up left-wing causes and wrote books such as Coming Up for Air, Animal Farm and Down and Out in Paris and London. However, some experts ask if the BBC has got the right room. "Room 101 was at another BBC building—55 Portland Place," said Peter Davison, who has published two volumes of Orwell"s works, letters and documents. "Portland Place is where they held meetings of the Eastern Service and that, I"m sure, is how he came to name the room in 1984." Whatever the truth of room 101, the BBC plans to continue with Whiteread"s cast replica, not least because of the intriguing shapes of its pipes and tubes. The BBC has made other uses of Orwell"s room 101. Its name is the title of the television programme in which the comedian Paul Merton asks guests to identify and destroy their pet hates. The Broadcasting House refurbishment is due to be completed in 2006. When it was built 70 years ago, the building, with its many art deco touches, was hailed as a masterpiece of design. Two Eric Gill sculptures—one of Prospero and Ariel outside and another in the foyer—will be kept because they, like the BBC"s Council Chamber, are listed. The public art project will begin in May, with temporary works on the scaffolding and tarpaulin outside Broadcasting House. The permanent works will not be ready until 2006. "I"ll be working on some big space project to go inside," said Kapoor, whose enormous trumpet-like Marsyas sculpture is at Tate Modern. Parker, whose reworking of Rodin"s The Kiss is at Tate Britain, plans a work based on sound or pictures.