问答题舒舍予，字老舍，现年四十岁，面黄无须，生于北平，三岁失怙，可谓无父，志学之年，帝王不存，可谓无君，无父无君，特别孝爱老母。幼读三百篇，不求甚解。继学师范，遂奠教书匠之基。及壮，糊口四方，教书为业。甚难发财，每购奖券，以得末奖为荣，示甘为寒贱也。二十七岁，发愤著书，科学哲学无所终，故写小说，博大家一笑，没什么了不得。三十四岁结婚，今已有一男一女，均狡猾可喜。书无所不读，全无所惑，并不着急，教书做事，均甚认真，往往吃亏，也不后悔，如此而已。再活四十年，也许能有点出息。

问答题What does the author want to tell us from the success of Antigone Rising in the first paragraph?

问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.

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问答题Introduce briefly America's economic situation in the recent years.

问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.

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问答题In general, investment in the United States will be in the form of a subsidiary. It is possible for a non-U.S corporation to operate a branch office in the United States, but there are significant disadvantages to a branch, particularly with respect to its tax treatment. Branches of non-U.S corporations are not subject to federal regulation or registration requirements. However, each state will require a "foreign" corporation to "qualify" before "doing business" in that state. A corporation will be considered "foreign" if it is organized under the laws of another country or another state, and so this is not a requirement imposed only on non-U.S investors. "Doing business" is a technical term that implies a substantial presence in the state. This would include the ownership of leasing of real property, the maintenance of a stock of goods for local sale, employee and the like. Selling products to local customers, either directly or through an independent sales representative or distributor, would not itself constitute "doing business". The states actually exercise little control over the qualification process other than to ensure that the qualifying entity"s name is not confusingly similar to an already registered entity and that all registration fees and taxes are paid (qualification is basically a form of taxation). In most states, qualification for a non-U.S corporation consists of a relatively easy application, a registration fee, and a notarized or legalized copy of the corporation"s articles of incorporation (in English or a certified translation).

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问答题It was back in 1966, when America's postwar consensus was showing some cracks, that Lou Harris launched his Alienation Index. Harris set out to measure an unsettling twist in the American story. "The hottest idea was that a mood of radical helplessness was blanketing the land," observes Rick Perlstein, author of the rollicking cultural history Nixonland. "America was suffering an epidemic of 'alienation. '" College kids were spitting on the American flag; suburban moms were marching against the war. The best-seller lists included books challenging the conclusions of the Warren Commission report on Kennedy's assassination. The President was an object of ridicule. "In Texas," an airline executive told TIME that October, "they wouldn't believe Johnson if he told them that next month was November. " So Harris devised five statements to measure how removed people felt from their leaders. The index derives from the average number of people who agree that "the rich get richer and the poor get poorer, what you think doesn't count very much anymore; the people running the country don't really care what happens to you; most people in power try to take advantage of people like you, you' re left out of things going on around you. " These were sentiments that in other words defined the debate in 2010, as Tea Party protesters carried signs saying, DC: THE LONGER YOU STAY, THE LESS YOU REMEMBER ABOUT US, and bumper stickers declared that PUBLIC IGNORANCE IS CORPORATE BLISS. Between bailouts, deficits, another confounding war and a President whose approval rating ended the year at a personal low of 36% (but who could take comfort that Congress's stood at 11%), it would be easy to think America is, more than ever, Alienation Nation. But that would be wrong. The Alienation Index, which stood at 29 in 1966, climbed to 59 in 1974 (the conclusion of Watergate) and reached 62 in 1983, in the midst of the Reagan recession. It kept rising during the first Bush Administration, to 66 in 1991 when the sense of common purpose fed by the first Gulf War gave way to economic gloom. That helped put the Democrats back in the White House after 12 years, but two government shutdowns in 1995 drove the index to a high of 67 as the evening news showed lawmakers squabbling while the NIH hotline went unanswered, toxic- waste cleanup was halted, passport applications went unprocessed and tourists were turned away from 368 national-park sites. So how does the present moment compare? In 2010 the index was 52--lower than it has been for most of the past 20 years. It's not that people think Washington is suddenly warm and welcoming and sensitive to their needs, fully 70% of people think the nation's leaders are out of touch. But how people feel about politicians may not matter as much as how we feel about ourselves--and only 37% of us feel that we are left out of things going on around us, compared with 51% in 1995. Every day brings new evidence of a kind of personal empowerment, fueled by technology, that represents the very opposite of alienation. Feel helpless about media bias? Start a blog. Find popular culture coarse? Make your own movies on your smart phone. The iconic tableau of democracy in the new year came not from Washington but from Newark N. J. , where Mayor Cory Booker delivered diapers to a mom after her brother tweeted that she was trapped, snowbound. Suddenly, politics is flat. As opportunities change, so do expectations. This past Thanksgiving, even as the recovery staggered and wheezed, 41% of Americans said they felt they had more to be thankful for than they did a few years ago. Fewer than a quarter are grateful for the current economic climate~one-third as many as 25 years ago--but 66% are grateful for their personal economic situation. A Gallup poll finds that 58% think 2011 will be better than 2010; 42% even think the U. S. will be governed better this year. The Mad as Hell political narrative isn't going away, partly because watching the gargoyles do combat on cable has a certain entertainment value, and there is plenty to give viewers heartburn. But if I were a politician plotting my approach and agenda in 2011, I'd pay less attention to the noise, unless you' re reading the bumper sticker that says SOMEWHAT IRRITATED ABOUT EXTREME OUTRAGE.1.What is the "Alienation Index"? Why did Lou Harris launch this index?

问答题Well before his death, Peter Drucker had already become a legend. Over his 95 prolific years, he had been a true Renaissance man, and teacher of religion, philosophy and political science. But his most important contribution, clearly, is in business. What John Keynes is to economics, Druckers is to management. In the 1980s Peter Druckers began to have grave doubts about business and even capitalism itself. He no longer saw the corporation as the ideal space to create community. In fact, he saw nearly the opposite: a place where self-interest had triumphed over the egalitarian principles he long championed. In both his writings and speeches, Druckers emerged as one of Corporate America's most important critics. When conglomerates were the rage, he preached against reckless mergers and acquisitions. When executives were engaged in empire-building, he argued against excess staff and the inefficiencies of numerous "assistants to". In a 1984 essay he persuasively argued that CEO pay had rocketed out of control and implored boards to hold CEO compensation to no more than 20 times what the rank and file made. He maintained that multi-million-dollar severance packages had perverted management's ability to look out anything but itself. What particularly enraged him was the tendency of corporate managers to reap massive earnings while firing thousands of their workers. "This is morally and socially unforgivable," wrote Druckers, "and we will pay a heavy price for it./

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问答题American mythology loves nothing more than the reluctant hero: the man -- it is usually a man -- whose natural talents have destined him for more than obliging obscurity. George Washington, we are told, was a leader who would have preferred to have been a farmer. Thomas Jefferson, a writer. Martin Luther King, Jr., a preacher. These men were roused from lives of perfunctory achievement, our legends have it, not because they chose their own exceptionalism, but because we, the people, chose it for them. We -- seeing greatness in them that they were too humble to observe themselves -- conferred on them uncommon paths. Historical circumstance became its own call of duty, and the logic of democracy proved itself through the answer. Neil Armstrong was a hero of this stripe: constitutionally humble, circumstantially noble. Nearly every obituary written for him has made a point of emphasizing his sense of privacy, his sense of humility, his sense of the ironic ordinary. And yet every aspect of Armstrong’s life made clear: On that day in 1969, he acted on our behalf, out of a sense of mission that was communal rather than personal. The reluctant hero is also the self-sacrificing hero.

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问答题 Despite wars, famines, and epidemics, Earth's population is booming ahead to new records—with no end in sight. Every day, the world adds enough people to populate a medium-sized city in the US. In one month, the number of new-world citizens equals the population of New York City. Every year, there are 90 million more mouths to feed, more than the total population of Germany. Several factors are propelling this rapid growth, including an element that is often overlooked: the huge number of teenagers who are becoming mothers, particularly in the countries of sub-Saharan Africa. In four African nations—Niger, Mali, Sierra Leone, and Ivory Coast—1 out of every 5 adolescent females of childbearing age has a baby annually. The US Bureau of the Census says this high rate of motherhood among teens has helped to maintain the high pace of births across most of the African continent. By starting a family early, a typical woman in Somalia, for instance, has seven children during her lifetime. Equally large-families are the rule in Zambia, Zaire, Uganda, Mauritania, Mali, Malawi, and Ethiopia. The current record-holder for fertility is strife: torn Rwanda, where a typical mother has at least eight or nine children. While population experts often focus on Africa's problems, analysts note that teenage mothers are also far more prevalent in the United States than in France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, or Britain. This issue—"babies having babies"—has recently gained prominence in the US. Teenaged motherhood in the US has fueled an expansion of the state-federal welfare system and brought cries for welfare reform from lawmakers. With its high rate of teen births, the US now ranks alongside Indonesia and parts of South America, and only modesty ahead of Mexico, India, and Pakistan. Overall, the fertility rate among Americans remains relatively low at 2.1 births per woman—about the replacement level. Although the US population is expected to climb steadily, from 260 million today to 323 million by 2020, most of that growth will come from immigration. The Census Bureau estimates that in Haiti, where thousands of citizens are trying to flee to the US because of military oppression and poverty AIDS will cut the annual growth rate during the next 25 years from 2.1 percent to 1.3 percent. The decline in growth is even sharper in the Central African Republic, where rates will dip from 2.4 percent to 0.7 percent. In Thailand, which already had low birth rates, AIDS will drive population downward to 0.8 percent a year. In the 16 countries that are hit hardest, AIDS will lower populations by 121 million over expected projections by 2020. In Africa, the impact of AIDS is so great that trends toward longer fife spans during the past 40 years are being reversed. Some nations will suffer declines in average life spans of 10 to 30 years compared with expected life spans without AIDS. In the US, where AIDS is also a substantial problem, the impact will be lower because the disease is mostly limited to homosexuals and drug users, says Peter Way, a Census Bureau researcher. In many African nations, AIDS is prevalent among the heterosexual population, which sharply boosts infant mortality. A compelling chapter in the research deals with aging. Today the median age in developed countries is 35, and in developing nations is only 23. By 2020, the corresponding figures will be 42 and 28. Today there are fewer adults over 60 (525 million) than children under 5 (636 million). As the world population ages, by 2020, the number over 60 will be more than 1 billion, while those under 5 will total 717 million.

问答题Passage Translation 1 Spending your vacation in a foreign country is horrible. First, you have to start early and become increasingly anxious with each passing day. When everything is OK and you really set off，you may find yourself in a car for hours. It is hot and you’re thirsty. And finally when you arrive at your destination, you’re in a strange place with strange people around. You’re confused and lost. You may be a little curious or a little excited, but as a matter of fact, very, very tired.

问答题News report: Electronic "red envelope" fever has swept the country since WeChat allowed users to send monetary gifts through its online payment system to each other. Today more and more customers are beginning to practice tipping in restaurants. If customers feel satisfied with the service provided by the waiter or waitress, they can send them a tip by scanning the restaurant"s WeChat identification code. Restaurants claim that this gives waiters an incentive to provide better service. But tipping is not a common practice in China; therefore, it has roused some controversy. Some restaurants have suspended the practice. While some people believe it can help improve restaurant service, others feel it is still unacceptable. Topic: Will App Tipping Help Improve Restaurant Service? Questions for reference: 1. What are the advantages and/or disadvantages of the tipping system? 2. Will you tip the waiters or waitresses when you are being served in restaurants? 3. How should the service in restaurants be further improved?