问答题On August 6, 1997, when 55,000 people gathered in Hiroshima to commemorate the 46th anniversary of the devastating bombing that killed an estimated 140,000 people and brought World War Ⅱ to a sudden halt, the city's newly elected mayor broke with tradition by adding a few uncustomay lines to the annual Peace Declaration. It should also be recalled, he declared, that “Japan inflicted great suffering and despair on the peoples of Asia and the Pacific during its reign of colonial domination and war. For this we are truly sorry.” Noting that this year marks the 50th anniversary of the Japaness assalt on the U.S., he added, “Remembering all too well the horror of this war, starting with the attack on Pearl Harbor and ending with the atombombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, we are determined anew to work for world peace.”
Usually, in Japan, when people discuss the war at all, they speak of vicitimization: their own victimization by the militarists who led the country into battle and by the Americans who bombed their cities. The suffering inflicted by the imperial army on the peoples of Asia is ignored, as is Japna's aggression in China and at Pearl Harbor. The appealing image of Japan the victim has no room for the underside of Japan the aggressor.
问答题At the end of "Spirited Away", Hayao Miyazaki"s animated masterpiece, ten-year-old Chihiro uses her wits and her courage to escape from a nightmarish world of ogres and witches. Japan enjoyed a similar deliverance last week, when its central bank turned its back on an interest rate of zero for the first time in almost six years. The quarter-point increase marked an end to the rich world"s longest economic stagnation since the Great Depression.
Throughout this 15-year ordeal, Japan has struggled with the difficult issue of what to jettison and what to cling on to. On the face of it, it looks as though the nation has preserved much of what made it different: it has, for instance, held on to its preference for consensus and gradual change, to the dominance of the Liberal Democratic Party and to a business culture that shelters jobs. On closer examination, however, it becomes clear that the country has come a long way.
The economic and human cost of the lost years was huge. Before the 1990 collapse of its property and stock-market bubbles, Japan was the envy—and the fear—of the West. But the combination of success and cheap capital that fuelled asset prices tempted companies into impetuous investment and ill-judged diversification. They were backed by reckless banks ready to lend to just about anyone with the right calling-card. Complacent and corrupt politicians failed to reform the system. Deflation and financial distress stifled growth. If Japan had grown at its trend rate throughout those years, its economy would now be a quarter bigger in real terms than it is.
That was the price Japan paid for rejecting the "shock therapy" with which America, Sweden and indeed neighboring South Korea treated their own banking crises. Yet its failure to take radical action does not mean it has remained completely unchanged. Gradually and reluctantly, Japanese commerce has cleaned itself up. The banking regulator has at last forced the country"s banks to acknowledge the shocking extent of their dud loans and is now more independent of its charges than it used to be. Companies have unwound most of the cross-shareholdings that sheltered them from the discipline of the capital markets. Though staff jobs in big companies are still for life, there are fewer of them now because flexible temporary employment has caught on, especially among women.
This slow but steady reform is one reason why the economy looks healthier than it has done in a long time. In its latest survey of the Japanese economy this week, the OECD forecast growth of more than 2%. That"s hardly stunning (and pales beside China"s announcement this week that it grew at an annual rate of 11.3%, its fastest pace for a decade, in the second quarter of this year); but it"s respectable and probably conservative.
Yet the job is only half-finished, There is a series of urgent tasks for the country. Monetary policy is at the top of the list. Last time the central bank raised rates, in 2000, a disastrous recession ensued. This time the increase is justified, because the economy is fundamentally stronger; but the bank"s inflation range of 0—2% is too wide for comfort in a country still shaking off deflation. It needs to be closer to 2 %.
And there is much else to do. At more than 170% of GDP (less on a net basis) government debt is too high. Banks are still banned from dealing in securities, which makes them weaker than they otherwise would be. Foreigners are waiting for Japan to open the market for corporate control by honoring its promise that they will, in effect, be able to issue shares to finance a takeover. There is little competition, and therefore low productivity, in the service sector.
Japan"s recovery has been slower and more painful than it need have been; but failure to embrace radicalism in a recession is understandable. Now that the nightmare is over, it is time for the government to show some courage and for reform to pick up speed.
问答题黄浦江纵横南北，把上海分为两部分。浦东因位于黄浦江以东而得名。本世纪20至30年代，随着以外滩为核心的金融、商贸区的建立，外商和我国民族资本家开始把经济活动伸向浦东地区。但黄浦江的阻隔，极大地影响了浦东的经济发展。浦江两岸形成了一边是万商云集的十里洋场，一边是以自然农作物为主的大片农田的鲜明对照。 自1990年中央宣布开放浦东以来，浦东新区的建设日新月异，突飞猛进。高楼大厦如雨后春笋，拔地而起，田园风光和现代建筑交相辉映，浦东正以崭新的面貌跨入新世纪。
问答题I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive overphrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent--e, g. in painting and music—they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an "English tradition" after all.
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金钱与时间
大多数的人永远都嫌自己不够有钱。然而社会学家发现，当人们真正有了钱之后，又会抱怨自己没有足够的时间。从很多的例子可以看出，越是有钱的人越没有时间，而穷人和那些失业的人，每天闲得难受。
人们追求财富，目的是为了让生活过得更好，可奇怪的是，人们一旦有了钱，反而更忙碌，更无法舒舒服服地过日子。
当生活不富裕的时候，很多人都幻想过“等我有了钱以后就可以怎么样怎么样”。在人们的想象中，“有钱”代表自由、独立、随心所欲；夏天可以到海边度假；冬天可以到山上去滑雪。
然而，当人们真富有了，却发现自己根本无法去实现这些梦想，理由永远只有一个：“没时间!”不少高收入的人，像律师、医生、经理、会计师等等，几乎都是工作狂，平均一天工作10到12小时，到了周末、节假日还是要加班，生活中只有工作、工作。对于他们来说，时间就是金钱，他们有意无意地把时间都花在了赚钱上，根本没有空余时间做其他事情。
看来，“有钱”和“有闲”永远都难以两全。金钱是永远也赚不完的，而人生的时间却是有限的。难怪有人说：“当你年轻、没钱时，希望能用时间去换金钱；当你有钱后，却很难再用金钱买回时间。”金钱是要有的，但时间更值得珍惜。懂得如何处理金钱和时间的关系的人才是一个聪明人。
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问答题Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.
问答题越来越多的中国人发现，每天挤时间看书越来越困难。而在过去10年中，中国的互联网用户数量激增，这表明人们的阅读习惯正在发生巨大变化。
专家将这一趋势归因于当今社会鼓励一夜成名或快速成功的社会价值观，而摒弃了过去的那种靠勤奋努力获得成功的观念。在当今的读图时代，人们更喜欢新奇的、带有视觉冲击的东西。然而，书集聚了知识的精华，这仅靠在互联网上浏览“速食”信息是无法得来的。
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问答题Paraphrase the sentence "Politics is at its most invigorating when it's cacophonous and chaotic". (Para. 4)
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问答题[此试题无题干]
问答题On Apr. 27, the Dean of Duke"s business school had the unfortunate task of announcing that nearly 10% of the Class of 2008 had been caught cheating on a take-home final exam. The scandal, which has cast yet another pall over the leafy, Gothic campus, is already going down as the biggest episode of alleged student deception in the business school"s history.
Almost immediately, the questions started swirling. The accused MBAs were, on average, 29 years old. They were the cut-and-paste generation, the champions of Linux. Before going to the business school, they worked in corporations for an average of six years. They did so at a time when their bosses were trumpeting the brave new world of open source, where one"s ability to aggregate (or rip off) other people"s intellectual property was touted as a crucial competitive advantage.
It"s easy to imagine the explanations these MBAs, who are mulling an appeal, might come up with. Teaming up on a take-home exam: That"s not academic fraud, it"s postmodern learning, wiki style. Text-messaging exam answers or downloading essays onto iPods: That"s simply a wise use of technology.
One can understand the confusion. This is a generation that came of age nabbing music off Napster and watching bootlegged Hollywood blockbusters in their dorm rooms. "What do you mean?" you can almost hear them saying. "We"re not supposed to share?"
That"s not to say that university administrators should ignore unethical behavior, if it in fact occurred. But in this wired world, maybe the very notion of what constitutes cheating has to be reevaluated. The scandal at Duke points to how much the world has changed, and how academia and corporations are confused about it all, sending split messages.
We"re told it"s all about teamwork and shared information. But then we" re graded and ranked as individuals. We assess everybody as single entities. But then we plop them into an interdependent world and tell them their success hinges on creative collaboration.
The new culture of shared information is vastly different from the old, where hoarding information was power. But professors—and bosses, for that matter—need to be able to test individual ability. For all the talk about workforce teamwork, there are plenty of times when a person is on his or her own, arguing a case, preparing a profit and loss statement, or writing a research report.
Still, many believe that a rethinking of the assessment process is in store. The Stanford University Design School, for example, is so collaborative that "it would be impossible to cheat," says D-school professor Robert I. Sutton. "If you found somebody to help you write an exam, in our view that"s a sign of an inventive person who gets stuff done. If you found someone to do work for free who was committed to open source, we"d say, "Wow, that was smart." One group of students got the police to help them with a school project to build a roundabout where there were a lot of bike accidents. Is that cheating?"
That"s food for thought at a time when learning is becoming more and more of a social process embedded in a larger network. This is in no way a pass on those who consciously break the rules. With countries aping American business practices, a backlash against an ethically rudderless culture can"t happen soon enough. But the saga at Duke raises an interesting question. In the age of Twitter, a social network that keeps users in constant streaming contact with one another, what is cheating?
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问答题据说，上海男人是最好的丈夫。他们总是知道该如何讨妻子欢心，避免矛盾，一家人其乐融融。从某种程度上讲，上海男人是社会安定和和谐的象征。当妻子快乐时，他也快乐。因而整个城市充满快乐的气氛。
上海男人常被戏谑为“妻管严”。但他们从不屈从于妻子，当发生争吵时，他们总是保持沉默，要么一笑置之。但他们有时也会生气，但事后不久他们会毫不犹豫道歉。最终妻子发现，她总是按照他说的去办。
上海男人，聪明、务实，有时甚至有点圆滑。但最印象深刻的，上海男人在事业上有进取心，对家庭有很强的责任感，而且尊重女性。
问答题Directions:
In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages only once. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet. You may take notes while you are listening.
问答题Twenty-plus days of intensive training in China has helped a Chinese girl studying in a California high school to get into her dream university. She has achieved the full score of 1,600 in her SAT tests in the US That Chinese education methods have dealt well with the SAT test can only prove one thing: Chinese students have an outstanding ability to memorize things by rote and excellent skills in answering test questions.
Topic: How to generate qualified students?
Questions for Reference:
1. Have you ever attended or will you attend an evening class to be trained so as to pass a certain exam? What do you think of those evening classes?
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of intensive training classes?
3. How do you think of the current educational system in China?
问答题There is a growing number of economists who believe today"s brutally tough labor market is not a temporary American oddity. Falling wages, reduced benefits and rising job insecurity seem to be increasingly entrenched features of the job scene across most of Western Europe, the United States and other parts of the developed world. The number of insecure freelance positions is rising (as are working hours) while stable jobs with good benefits are being cut. Laid-off workers are much less likely to be rehired by their old companies and have to find new jobs or turn to self-employment. Those who still have jobs are working longer hours with little prospect of meaningful raises. The new labor market is shaped by growing global competition, spurred by the rise of cheap manufacturers in China, India and Eastern Europe, and the price-chopping effect of both the Internet and giant retailers led by Wal-Mart. These forces compel Western companies to exercise a growing restraint on prices and labor cost. One thing globalization clearly does is to exert a leveling effect on wages.
问答题中国的对外开放
实行对外开放，是中国推进现代化建设的一项重大决策，也是中国一项长期的基本国策。
三十年来，中国全方位对外开放的格局已基本形成，开放型经济迅速发展。中国同世界各国各地区的经济技术交流与合作广泛开展。这不仅对中国的经济社会发展发挥了有力的推动作用，也为各国各地区企业到中国寻找商机、进行合作创造了有利条件。
当今世界，任何国家都难以在封闭的状态下得到发展。中国将坚定不移地实行对外开放政策，有步骤地扩大商品和服务贸易领域的对外开放，为国内外企业创造公开、公平、平等竞争的条件，建立和健全符合国际经济通行规则、符合中国国情的对外经济贸易体制，为国外企业来华进行经贸合作提供更多、更稳定的市场准入机会。
中国的发展离不开世界，同样世界的繁荣需要中国。中国顺应经济全球化的发展趋势，坚持在更大范围、更广领域和更高层次上参与国际经济技犬合作，积极推动经济全球化向有利于各国共同繁荣的方向发展。互利共赢是当今国际贸易发展的主流。中国坚持实行互利共赢的对外开放战略，坚持在平等、互利、互惠的基础上同世界各国发展经贸关系，不断为全球贸易持续增长作出贡献。