填空题What separates the average person from Edison, Picasso or even Shakespeare isn"t 1 capacity. It"s the ability to use that capacity by 2 creative impulses and then acting upon them. Most of us seldom achieve our creative 3 but the reservoir of ideas hiding within every one of us can be 4 The following 5 suggest concrete ways of increasing creativity. 6 the fleeting. A good idea is like a rabbit. It runs by so fast, sometimes you see only its ears or tail. Creative people are always ready to 7 —possibly the only difference between us and them. 8 . Everyone experiences this strange state and can take 9 of it. Often, the "three bs"—bed, bath and bus—are 10 . Anywhere you can he with your thoughts undisturbed, you"ll find ideas 11 freely. Seek 12 . Try inviting friends and business associates from different 13 of your life to a party. 14 people of different ages and social status together may help you think in new ways. 15 your world. This principle works elsewhere as well. To 16 your creativity, learn something new. If you" re a banker, take up tap dancing; if you"re a nurse, try a course in vitamin therapy. Read a book on a new 17 Change your daily newspaper. The new will 18 with the old in novel and potentially 19 ways. Becoming more creative means paying 20 to that endless flow of ideas you produce, and learning to capture and act upon the new that"s within you.

填空题Workers who commute by 21 to the office are more likely to suffer from stress and exhaustion, 22 . Scientists assessed 23 employees aged between 18 and 65. They found that those who travelled to work by car or 24 reported higher levels of stress and tiredness compared to 25 who travelled by foot or bicycle. It is now expected that 26 , from Lund University in Sweden, will encourage 27 the health impacts of commuting and the best forms of transportation. Researcher Erik Hansson said: "Generally 28 suffered more everyday stress, 29 , exhaustion and, on a seven point scale, felt that they struggled with their health 30 the active commuters. " "The negative health of public transport users increased with 31 ." According to the Office for National Statistics, the average Briton commutes for 32 But now the scientists claim that the advantages of daily travel, such as higher pay or 33 , need to be weighed against the adverse health effects. It may also have a cost impact on industry. According to a CBI and Pfizer Absence and Workplace Health Survey, the U.K. economy lost 34 working days to absence last year, with each employee taking an average of 35 , costing employers ā17billion. However researchers 36 that the findings, published in the journal BMC Public Health, 37 commuting causes ill health and further research is needed. Income, family background and 38 are other variables that need to be considered. Hansson added that 39 to "readdress the balance between economic needs, health, and 40 ."

填空题In the summer of 2010, record-high temperatures hit Moscow. At first it was just another 1 but the scorching heat that started in 2 continued through mid-August. Western Russia was 3 in early August that 300 or 400 new fires were starting every day. Millions of acres of forest 4 . So did thousands of homes. Crops withered. Day after day Moscow was bathed in 5 . The elderly and those with impaired respiratory systems 6 . The death rate climbed as heat stress and smoke 7 . The average July temperature in Moscow was a scarcely believable 14 degrees Fahrenheit 8 . Twice during the heat wave, the Moscow temperature 9 Fahrenheit, a level Muscovites had never before 10 . Watching the heat wave play out over a seven-week period on the TV 11 , with the thousands of fires and the smoke everywhere, was like watching 12 that had no end. Russia"s 140 million people were 13 , traumatized by what was happening to them and their country. The most 14 in Russia"s 130 years of record keeping was taking a heavy economic toll. The loss of 15 and the projected cost of their restoration 16 some $300 billion. Thousands of farmers faced bankruptcy. Russia"s 17 shrank from nearly 100 million tons to scarcely 60 million tons as crops withered. Recently the world"s number three wheat exporter, Russia banned grain exports 18 to rein in soaring domestic food prices. Between mid-June and mid-August, the world price of wheat 19 . Prolonged drought and the worst heat wave in Russian history 20 worldwide.

填空题Attitudes about expressing anger vary from culture to culture. In some cultures, almost any sign of anger is inappropriate. In others, people use anger as a way of extending 1 . Finnish people believe that expressions of anger show a lack of 2 . This attitude can make them seem 3 . For example, road rage is a problem in many countries, but not in Finland. There, experts say, 4 doesn"t make people angry. The drivers politely exchange information and then 5 . And no one complains when a bus 6 . The passengers simply get off and wait for the next one. Such behavior 7 in the United States where expressing anger is accepted—even expected. The problem occurs when people from cultures 8 visit countries where it is not. For example, if an American visiting England 9 in a tone of voice that would be effective at home, no one would 10 . They would see him as just another 11 . This is because the English usually avoid showing anger unless the situation is 12 . Avoidance of public anger is also 13 . The expression of anger is unacceptable and destructive. This attitude is very 14 the one in the United States, where many people believe that not expressing anger can 15 , alcoholism, drug addiction, or even violence. In countries that don"t express anger, most people would think this idea was 16 . However, in some other cultures, anger is more lightly received and 17 than in the United States. Americans traveling 18 or some Mediterranean countries are often surprised by the amount of anger they see and hear. They 19 that people in these countries express their anger and then forget it. Even people who are 20 of the anger usually do not remember it for long.

填空题Harvard University is the oldest (1) of higher learning in the United States. The University has grown from 9 students with (2) to an enrollment of more than 18,000 degrees candidates. Over 14,000 people work at Harvard, including (3) 2,000 faculties. Six presidents of the United States were graduates of Harvard. Its faculty (4) 34 Nobel Laureates. Harvard College (5) 1636 and was named for its first benefactor, John Harvard of Charleston, a young minister who (6) in 1638, left his library and half his estate to the new institution. During its early years, the College offered a classic (7) course based on the English University model but consistent with the prevailing Puritan philosophy of the first colonists. Although many of (8) became ministers in Puritan congregations throughout New England, the college never formally affiliated with a specific (9) denomination. Under President Pusey, Harvard undertook what was then (10) fundraising campaign in the history of American higher education, the $82.5 million 'Program for Harvard College'; the program (11) , broadened student aid, created new professorships, and expanded Harvard's (12) . A similar but greatly expanded fundraising effort, the Harvard Campaign, was conducted (13) of Derek Bok and raised $356 million by the end of 1984. Neil L. Rudenstine took office as Harvard's (14) in 1991. As part of an overall effort to (15) , Rudenstine set in motion an intensive process of University- wide academic planning, intended to identify some of Harvard's main (16) priorities. Those have become an integral part of the current (17) . In addition, Rudenstine has stressed the University's commitment to excellence in (18) , the task of adapting the research university to an era of both rapid (19) and serious financial constraints, and the challenge of living together in a diverse community committed to (20) .

填空题How did the Olympic Games start? In ancient Greece, athletic festivals were very important and have strong 1 . Originally, the festival was held in honor of Zeus, the supreme God in Greek mythology. Eventually, the Olympian athletic festival had lost its 2 and became an international event. No one knows exactly 3 the Olympic Games go, but some scholars recorded date from 776 B.C. According to some scholars, at first, the only Olympic event was 4 , called a stadium and that was the only event until 724 B.C. After that, other 5 were added and 16 years later in 6 , the pentathlon was added and wrestling became part of the Games. This pentathlon was a five-event match, which 7 running, wrestling, leaping, throwing the discus and hurling the javelin. The Games were held 8 and after an uninterrupted history of 1,170 years, the Games were 9 in A.D. 394, the Christen era, because of the pagan origin. It was over 10 before there was another such international athletic gathering. In 1896, the first of the modern 11 opened in Athens, Greece. Nowadays the Games are held in different countries 12 . The host country provides vast facilities, such as stadiums and 13 . Many more sports are represented, including the very celebrated event: 14 The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, 15 on Mount Olympus by the sun"s rays. The torch is carried by 16 to the stadium. The Olympic flam symbolizes the 17 of the ancient Greek athletic ideals and it burns throughout the Games until 18 . The well-known Olympic flag, however, is 19 : the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents 20 .

填空题The Internet is an excellent source for finding many types of information and for keeping up with new developments in the world. Today, an ever increasing number of people are using the Internet to (1) related information, conduct business, or personal activities, access electronic databases, send e-mail, and network with relatives, (2) . Frequently referred to as the Information Super Highway, the Internet is actually a network of (3) . You may think of the Internet as analogous to the (4) , Just as the inter-state system connects to different cities via (5) , the Internet connects computers around the world via a number of different (6) . At the most basic level, a computer, a modem, and a right type of (7) can get a person onto the Internet. Through the Internet you can access massive amounts of information by (8) that are linked together. Generally speaking, two types of information are (9) are the most useful for people. That is , conversational resources, and (10) Conversational resources allow users to have conversations with individuals (11) Mailing lists and news groups are (12) of conversational resources. Mailing lists include electronic mail, whereby the user (13) , send to any other individual, or group of individuals, who have subscribed by having their name and electronical (14) placed on the center's list of addresses. News groups are essentially electronic (15) . Anyone with Internet access can (16) to the board, and any one with Internet access can read the board. The reference resources you (17) are the World Wide Web (www) or the web for short. The web uses HTML (hypertext markup language) to (18) , sound, graphics and video. Of course, you need browsers to view documents, and (19) through the intricate links structure. The most (20) browser is the Microsoft Internet Explorer.

填空题 "The amount of sleep you get impacts {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}, your risk for accidents, how you perform {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}," said James Walsh, president of the National Sleep Foundation, a non-profit that advocates for {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. "There's much more to {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}than how long you live." The study used data from an extensive survey conducted by the American Cancer Society {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Women sleeping {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}had 13 percent, 23 percent and {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}dying, respectively, than those who slept 7 hours, {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Men sleeping 8, 9 and 10 hours a night had 12 percent, {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}and 34 percent greater risk of dying {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. By contrast, sleeping {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}a night increased the risk for women by only 5 percent, and for men, by 11 percent. Among people who slept just three hours {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}, women had a {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}increase in death, and men had a 19 percent increase, compared with those who slept 7 hours. The study also found that taking {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}every day increased the risk of death by 25 percent. Kripke, whose study {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}federal tax dollars, recommended that people should not {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}take pills to get eight hours of sleep. Donald Bliwise, a {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}at Emory University, in Atlanta, said studies had shown that when {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}to sleep however long they wanted, without cues from alarm clocks and watches, {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}14 to 15 hours a day for the first few days. "Everyone," Bliwise said, "walks around {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}sleep deprived."

填空题 I've always known my kids use {{U}} {{U}} 21 {{/U}} {{/U}}gear a lot. But my cellphone bill last month really grabbed my {{U}} {{U}} 22 {{/U}} {{/U}}. My son had racked up nearly {{U}} {{U}} 23 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and had sent nearly as many. That means he was having more than 60 {{U}} {{U}} 24 {{/U}} {{/U}}via text message every day. {{U}} {{U}} 25 {{/U}} {{/U}}, he was out of school for the summer and communicating more with friends {{U}} {{U}} 26 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Nevertheless, I had to wonder how he found time to hold down a summer job and complete a college course in between all that {{U}} {{U}} 27 {{/U}} {{/U}}with his thumb. I was even {{U}} {{U}} 28 {{/U}} {{/U}}to learn that my son is normal. "Teenagers with cellphones each send and receive {{U}} {{U}} 29 {{/U}} {{/U}}a month on average", Nielsen Mobile says. Some experts lament that all that keyboard jabber is making our kids stupid unable to read nonverbal cues such as {{U}} {{U}} 30 {{/U}} {{/U}}, gestures, posture and other silent signals of mood and attitude. Unlike phones, text messaging doesn't even allow transmission of tone of {{U}} {{U}} 31 {{/U}} {{/U}}. States are cracking down on drivers who text, {{U}} {{U}} 32 {{/U}} {{/U}}. My son doesn't text while driving, and we have discussed the dangers. Beyond that, though, I'm not sure I see {{U}} {{U}} 33 {{/U}} {{/U}}critics of this trend. I've posted before on how I initially tried to curb my kids' texting. But over time, I have seen my son suffer no apparent {{U}} {{U}} 34 {{/U}} {{/U}}, and he reaps a big benefit, of easy, continuing contact with many friends. Also, the time he spends texting replaces the hours teens used to spend on the phone: {{U}} {{U}} 35 {{/U}} {{/U}}dislike talking on the phone, and say they really don't need to do so to {{U}} {{U}} 36 {{/U}} {{/U}}and family. Does texting make kids stupid? I don't think so. It may make them annoying, when they try to text and talk to you {{U}} {{U}} 37 {{/U}} {{/U}}. And it may make them distracted, when buzzing text messages interrupt efforts to noodle out a calculus problem or finish reading for school. But I don't see texting {{U}} {{U}} 38 {{/U}} {{/U}}teens' ability to communicate. My son is as attuned to nonverbal cues as any older members of our family. If anything, I have found him {{U}} {{U}} 39 {{/U}} {{/U}}and easier to communicate with from afar, because he is constantly available via {{U}} {{U}} 40 {{/U}} {{/U}}and responds with a faithfulness and speed that any mother would find reassuring.

填空题 Successful people do those things which unsuccessful people think are a waste of time. We don't know {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}, but it was provocative enough to make us dwell on it. Perhaps {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}that is one of many characteristics of successful people is {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. There may be people who've enjoyed long-term success who don't plan ahead, but {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Most who attain a high level of success in their occupation or profession think ahead, {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}. They conceptualize programs or methods that may not be activated for a long time. They test them, question them, look at them {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. They'll start work on the 2013 budget in August 2012. {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In the course of planning ahead they benefit from {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Unsuccessful people don't really {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}for much of anything beyond the next 48 hours. They spend far more time {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}than the work that might be needed to be done tomorrow. Successful people {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}. They not only want to know what makes things and people tick, they want to {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Curiosity and the willingness to ask dumb questions have made more people {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}than almost any other trait. We once read about a top executive who virtually never made {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Nearly everything he said was in the form of a question. "What do you think of doing it this way?" or "{{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}would you put on this task?" Successful people do not watch the clock. Hordes of people pour out of government or private office buildings at 3:58 p.m. or {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, taking pride in beating the clock. They're not headed for success, and most likely they have no desire for it. {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}is another major characteristic of successful people. They have {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}, know what the rules are, and are put out by those who don't. Numbers don't usually {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Executives in companies of any size have to understand financial data, production data and all sorts of numbers. They {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}, financial statements, bids, pricing and costs.

填空题 Despite recent increases in common-law unions, marriage continues to form the foundation for most Canadian families. Statistics Canada researchers say that in 2010, about {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}were headed by married couples. The average age for first marriages {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}for both brides and grooms. In 2008, first-time brides were 31.7 years old, while grooms proclaimed their first marriage vows at an average age of {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Only two decades earlier, women and men were 25.9 and 28.5 years old, respectively, when {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Statistics Canada attributes the change to {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}and the growing popularity of common-law unions. The number of couples forgoing marriage {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}since 1988, the first time the statistic was tallied. At the time, there were 357,000 {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}—about six per cent of all couples. By the 2010 Census, roughly {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}were common law. Common-law unions {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}among young people and couples living in Quebec, where {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}of all families are common law. Common-law unions tend to be {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}, though they often transform into marriage. However, those marriages break up far more frequently than {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}common-law relationships. With {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}in 1968, grounds for divorce were extended to include "no-fault" divorce based on {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}; in 1986, the separation period was revised to one year. Within a decade of the introduction of the Divorce Act, {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}, that is, the percentage of marriages that dissolved in the previous 30-year period, {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}of all marriages in 1969 to 30 per cent in 1975. The total crude divorce rate {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}per 100,000 inhabitants in 1987. The divorce rate {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}was 231 per 100,000 inhabitants. Statistics Canada figures from 2008 show the number of Canadians {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}is on the rise. Researchers found the number of marriage breakups involving husbands who have been divorced at least once {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.

填空题{{B}}Part A Spot Dictation{{/B}} Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. Government in Britain can be divided into national government and {{U}}(1) {{/U}} The center of government in Britain is Parliament, which {{U}}(2) {{/U}} for the country about crimes and punishment, taxation, etc. Parliament is made up of the {{U}}(3) {{/U}}, the House of Lords and the monarch. {{U}}(4) {{/U}} are in Westminster in London and sometimes "Westminster" itself is used to mean Parliament. The House of Commons, or the Commons, is the {{U}}(5) {{/U}} of the two Houses. It has 650 elected members, called {{U}}(6) {{/U}} or MPs, each representing people in a {{U}}(7) {{/U}} The House of Lords, or the Lords, is the {{U}}(8) {{/U}} of the two Houses. It has {{U}}(9) {{/U}} , none of whom is elected These members include: people who have {{U}}(10) {{/U}} which have been passed down to them {{U}}(11) {{/U}}; people who are given titles as a reward for their long {{U}}(12) {{/U}}, but whose children do not inherit their title; and some important leaders of {{U}}(13) {{/U}}, such as Archbishops and Bishops. The government {{U}}(14) {{/U}} to the House of Commons, which are discussed by MPs. The bills then go to {{U}}(15) {{/U}} to be discussed. The House of Lords can {{U}}(16) {{/U}} to a bill, but does not have the power to reject it. {{U}}(17) {{/U}} to the Commons, MPs vote on them and if {{U}}(18) {{/U}}, they are signed by the monarch and {{U}}(19) {{/U}}. At present England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are all governed by {{U}}(20) {{/U}}. In Northern Ireland the political parties are different but their MPs still go to the House of Commons.

填空题Listening is one of the first things we learn to do and one of the things we do most. The average person spends 1 of their daily communication time writing, 16 percent reading, 30 percent speaking, and a whopping 2 . Students spend most of their school time listening up to 60 percent, according to some studies. Yet 3 , we usually take our ability to listen for granted. As we have already said, though, 4 . The fact is, we have different listening styles 5 . How successful we are as listeners may depend in part on 6 for the situation. Perhaps the most basic listening style is 7 . We listen appreciatively when we enjoy music, a bird"s song, or the murmur of a brook. We 8 , one called discriminative listening, when we want to 9 from a noisy environment. You discriminate, for example, when you listen for a friend"s voice 10 . We use a third style of listening, comprehensive listening, when we want to understand. When we listen to 11 , we are using this style. The fourth learning style is more complex. 12 , the style practiced by counselors, psychiatrists, and good friends, encourages people to 13 . Friends act as our sounding boards when we just want someone to listen. The therapeutic listener 14 accepts what is said, tries hard to understand, and above all, 15 . The fifth style, 16 , is the one we will examine most closely. Critical listeners are the most active of all listeners because they are working hard to decide whether 17 makes sense. Critical listeners evaluate what they hear and decide if 18 is logical, worthwhile or has value. We need to be critical listeners when someone wants us to buy some things, 19 , or support a particular idea. We also need to be critical listeners in school, where 20 .

填空题What is distance learning? It means that you study on your own, at home or wherever suits you. Recently, the world famous Open University in the United Kingdom has designed a new style of distance learning, which is called " (1) ". The phrase "Open Learning" means you study (2) . You read course material, work on course activities, and write (3) . The word "supported" means you have help (4) , the student services staff at regional centres, and centralized areas such as (5) . You can also contact other students through tutorials and (6) , the University's online conferencing system, and events and clubs organised by (7) Most distance learning courses use printed paper materials. They also include some (8) materials such as a CD, DVD or video. Many courses have a web site and an (9) . You'll need access to a computer (10) to make use of these. The Open University can help its students buy a computer and (11) the cost of accessing the Internet. With most distance learning courses, no (12) are required to study. Of course, you have to be aged 18 when your course starts but there is no (13) Currently the Open University has around (14) undergraduate and more than 30, 000 postgraduate students, of which 10,000 have (15) . Nearly all students are studying (16) . About 70 percent of undergraduate students are in (17) More than 50,000 students (18) by their employers for their studies. Most distance learning courses (19) . Some of them are even available in other parts of the world. With over 25,000 of its students living outside the U.K. , the Open University is the (20) that offers distance learning throughout the world.

填空题The biggest mistake in life is to think that you work for someone else. True, you may have a boss and you may{{U}} (1) {{/U}}from a company but, ultimately, you are master of{{U}} (2) {{/U}}. You decide what potential you reach in your career and what you will{{U}} (3) {{/U}}in your life. Regardless of your circumstances, you can{{U}} (4) {{/U}}. This is particularly true at your current workplace. Every day you have{{U}} (5) {{/U}}, to stand out, and to be exceptional. You can make a suggestion to improve a product or service or to{{U}} (6) {{/U}}. You can identify an opportunity to save money or{{U}} (7) {{/U}}. You can help a coworker do his or her job better or learn a new skill that you can use for the rest of your life. It all{{U}} (8) {{/U}}, that is, taking action to get some thing done at work without waiting for your boss to tell you what to do or when and how to do it. To be able to take initiative in your job you first need to see how you and your position{{U}} (9) {{/U}}of things at work. In most jobs this role is not{{U}} (10) {{/U}}, so you need to investigate how you fit into{{U}} (11) {{/U}}. Ask yourself: Why was my job created? Most jobs are created to help with{{U}} (12) {{/U}}of the organization. If you can understand the initial needs for your position, you will be better able to{{U}} (13) {{/U}}and go beyond them. How does my job relate to others in the organization? Whom do you{{U}} (14) {{/U}}? Questions like these help you to see the contribution you make in your position and{{U}} (15) {{/U}}. What opportunities to contribute to the organization exist in my job? Every job{{U}} (16) {{/U}}for the employee who looks for them. Knowing how you contribute to your organization can{{U}} (17) {{/U}}even more to help. How is my job linked to the organization's objectives? By defining your position{{U}} (18) {{/U}}the goals and objectives of the organizations, you can{{U}} (19) {{/U}}. Once you see your role in the big picture, you are better able to take the initiative{{U}} (20) {{/U}}.

填空题Is video-game addiction a mental disorder? The telltale signs 1 : teens holing up in their rooms, ignoring friends, family, even food or a shower, while 2 and belligerence soars. The culprit isn"t alcohol or drugs. It"s video games, which for certain kids can be 3 as heroin, some doctors contend. A leading council of the nation"s largest doctors" group wants to 4 as a psychiatric disorder, to raise awareness and enable sufferers to 5 for treatment. In a report prepared for the American Medical Association"s annual policy meeting starting 6 , the council asks the group to lobby for the disorder to be included in 7 created and published by the American Psychiatric Association. It likely won"t happen 8 . Video game makers scoff at the notion that their products 9 . Even some mental health experts say labeling the habit a formal addiction 10 . Dr. James Scully, the psychiatric association"s medical director, said the group will seriously consider the AMA report in the long process of 11 . The current manual was published in 1994; the next edition is to 12 . Up to 90 percent of American youngsters 13 and as many as 15 percent of them— 14 —may be addicted, according to data cited in the AMA council"s report. Joyce Peterson of Frisco, Texas, said her 17-year-old son, Michael, 15 . Over nearly two years, video and Internet games transformed him from an outgoing, 16 into a reclusive manipulator who flunked two 10th grade classes and 17 playing a popular online video game. "My father was an alcoholic, and I 18 in Michael," Peterson said. "We battled him until October of last year," she said. "We went to therapists, we 19 . He would threaten us physically. He would curse and call us every name imaginable. It was 20 ."

填空题As I applied to study 1 at the University of Illinois in 1978, my father 2 objected, and quoted me a 3 . "Every year, 4 performers compete for 200 available roles on Broadway." Some years later, when I graduated from film school, I came to 5 my father"s concern. It was nearly unheard of for a Chinese newcomer to make it in the American film industry. I struggled 6 six years of 7 , hopeless uncertainty. Much of the time, I was helping film 8 with their equipment or working as editor"s assistant. My most painful experience involved touting a 9 at more than 30 production companies and meeting with 10 rejection each time. That year, I 11 30. Yet, I couldn"t even support myself. What could I do? Give up my dream? My wife gave me 12 support. She worked at a small 13 research lab after graduation and her income was terribly 14 . To 15 my own feelings of 16 , I took on cooking, cleaning, taking care of our son—in addition to reading, 17 films and writing scripts, which was rather 18 for a man. Afterward, I enrolled in a computer course at a nearby community 19 . For the days that followed, I descended into malaise. So my wife said, "Ang, don"t forget your dream." And today, I"ve finally won that golden statue. I think my own perseverance and my wife"s immeasurable 20 have finally met their reward.

填空题About 1 years ago, Earth entered the latest interglacial period. The 2 pattern for an interglacial period is that there is the most carbon dioxide and methane gas which are greenhouse gases. And then the concentration of greenhouse gases gradually goes down. Now, the climate continues to warm for a while because there is a 3 effect. But gradually as the concentration of greenhouse gases goes down, Earth starts to cool again, and eventually you 4 back into an Ice Age. In the latest interglacial period, this pattern did not 5 now. What was different about this period than the other ones? One big 6 is human activity. the agricultural revolution—people began 7 crops and animals for food instead of 8 for them. Some climate 9 propose that perhaps humanity was having an effect on the climate since the agricultural revolution. When you grow crops and 10 animals, you cut down the 11 , you end up with much more carbon in the atmosphere. Methane forms in large concentration above 12 , which increases its amount in the atmosphere. So agriculture could have a 13 effect on the 14 of Earth"s atmosphere. The agricultural revolution was 15 by 16 an Ice Age. But 17 and the burning of 18 fuels have drastically 19 carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. So we enter into uncharted 20 now in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide.

填空题Extinction is 1 speed. The world"s rain forests are being 2 at an alarming rate. Oceans are being 3 of fish. Pastures are turned into 4 jungles. To support biodiversity, we need to eat 5 . What we eat 6 our relationship with nature. Fast food is an ecological 7 . Fast food chains 8 rain forests for cattle grazing. The land beneath rain forests has to be 9 within a few years. Fast food chains serve the 10 food all over the world. Local farmers abandon their 11 crops and try to grow the 12 needed for the very limited international 13 In supermarkets, the diversity is only in the 14 , while the 15 is always the same. Food choices are being dangerously 16 Multinational corporations have already succeeded in 17 many plants and animals. To preserve biodiversity, we can choose to eat in 18 restaurants rather than fast food chains, buy local 19 produce and avoid buying 20 fruits and vegetables.

填空题According to traditional Cherokee beliefs, we are part of (1) . We don't (2) with it and we're not trying to (3) it. We are a part of the Great Life. And within the Great Life, there are three great Laws of Nature, which tell us how we have to live in (4) with everything else. The First Law of Nature is that you don't take any life without real (5) . So we shouldn't (6) needlessly. We believe everything is alive, including animals, plants and (7) . And so to us, taking the life of a plant is just as grave a 8() as taking the life of an animal. The Second Law is that everything we do should (9) the Great Life. And everything we do (10) the Great Life, and everything that (11) within the Great Life affects us. So it's very important that what we do will not (12) other parts of the Great Life. The Third Law basically is that we don't (13) where we live. And where we live is not our (14) , small community. It's this (15) . We don't pour chemical (16) down the drain because they all wind up in the water. It might seem a little difficult to live by those three laws in this (17) society. But there are still a lot of things that we can do to bring these laws into our lives, such as (18) , using the (19) as little as possible, and (20) gardening.