摘要
马克思经济学理论体系是将经济学研究的"两条道路",即将研究过程和叙述过程有机统合起来运用科学的抽象力构建的。政治经济学批判,既包含对资本主义生产方式的批判,也包含对资本主义经济学史的批判。马克思对逻辑方式与历史方式有机统一方法的运用,始终是在资本主义生产方式这一现实的社会主体的统摄内加以使用的。理解马克思的这一方法,必须将其与研究方法与叙述方法的辩证统一结合起来。在整个理论体系的构建过程中,并不是要求逻辑与历史的严格一致,而是对作为社会主体的历史发展进程进行事后的逻辑分析。马克思在思维行程的第一阶段(研究过程),从资本主义最发达的形式抽象出最一般的规定——商品一般后,以此为叙述起点,最后又在思维行程的进一步发展中再现了资本商品这一思维总体(叙述过程)。将马克思所运用的逻辑与历史有机统一的方法理解为"逻辑的开端与历史的源起相对应"是对马克思的误读,而将其归于恩格斯对马克思方法的错解同样是对恩格斯的误读。
The theoretical system of Marxist political economy is built on the abstract synthesis of two economic study approaches:the process of research and the process of narration.The critiques of political economy contain the critique of capitalist way of production and the critique of capitalist economics history as well.Marx has always been using the synthesized logical and historical approach within the realm of a practical social substance of the capitalist way of production.The only way for us to understand this approach is to put it together with the dialectical unity of the process of research and the process of narration.During the building of the theoretical system,the crucial point is not the subtle consistency between logic and history,but the ex post logical analysis of the historical evolving progress of social substances.After abstracting commodity,the most general concept of capitalism,in his first phase(process of research)of brainstorm,Marx re-emerged this concept in the next phase(process of narration).It is a misinterpretation to take this synthesis of logical and historical approaches adopted by Marx as"the beginning of logic resonates with the origin of history",yet another misinterpretation is to accuse Engels for the first misinterpretation.
作者
魏旭
陈冬源
Wei Xu;Chen Dongyuan(Institute of Marxist Economy Research,Jilin University of Finance and Economics;Jilin University of Finance and Economics)
出处
《政治经济学评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期205-220,共16页
China Review of Political Economy
关键词
政治经济学方法
逻辑方式
历史方式
研究方法
叙述方法
价值规律
methodology of political economy
logical approach
historical approach
ways of research
ways of narration
law of value
