摘要
目的了解碘盐标准调整前后,鞍山市3次碘缺乏病评估结果,为今后碘缺乏病防治工作提供科学依据。方法按照《全国碘缺乏病监测方案》和《重点地方病控制和消除评价办法》进行抽样和监测。结果2010、2015和2017年碘盐覆盖率分别为99.22%、99.00%和99.38%;合格碘盐食用率分别为98.33%、98.38%和88.95%;盐碘中位数分别为30.8、24.3和24.6mg/kg;8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数分别为265.1、171.6和179.9μg/L;孕妇尿碘中位数分别为200.3、154.0和153.9μg/L;儿童甲状腺肿大率分别为0、0.72%、2.43%。结论3次监测结果显示,碘盐标准调整后,鞍山市人群碘营养总体适宜,但孕妇尿碘处于适宜值下限。盐业体制改革后,合格碘盐食用率没达到消除标准,增加了居民罹患碘缺乏病风险。应长期坚持食盐加碘策略,继续以"政府领导,部门协作,社会参与"的碘缺乏病防治原则,加大健康教育力度,提高居民食用合格碘盐意识,加强食盐监管力度,保证合格碘盐及孕妇盐的供应,防止居民及孕妇碘营养缺乏,保持持续消除碘缺乏病的目标。
Objective To obtain an understanding of the results of three assessments on iodine deficiency diseases in Anshan City before and after the adjustment of iodine salt standard,provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency diseases in the future.Methods Sampling and monitoring were carried out in accordance with the National Iodine Deficiency Surveillance Programme and the Measures for the Control and Elimination of Key Iodine Deficiency Diseases.Results The coverage rate of iodized salt in 2010,2015 and 2017 was 99.22%,99.00%and 99.38%,respectively.The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 98.33%,98.38%and 88.95%,respectively.The median salt iodine was 30.8,24.3 and 24.6 mg/kg,respectively.The median urinary iodine in children aged 8-10 years old was 265.1,171.6 and 179.9μg/L,respectively.The median urinary iodine in pregnant women was 200.3,154.0 and 153.9μg/L,respectively.The rate of thyroid enlargement in children was 0,0.72%and 2.43%,respectively.Conclusion The three monitoring results show that the iodine nutrition of the population in Anshan city is suitable after the adjustment of iodized salt standard,but the urinary iodine in pregnant women is at the lower limit of the appropriate value.After the reform of the salt industry,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt dose not meet the elimination standards,which increases the risk of iodine deficiency diseases among residents.It is necessary to adhere to the salt iodization strategy for a long period of time,continue the principle of"government leadership,departmental coordination,and social participation"in the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency diseases,improve the health education,raise residents’awareness of eating qualified iodized salt,strengthen salt supervision,and ensure the supply of qualified iodized salt and pregnant women’s salt to prevent iodine deficiency among residents and pregnant women,so as to maintain the goal of sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency diseases.
作者
刘波
王博
LIU Bo;WANG Bo(Endemic Disease Control Division,Anshan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anshan Liaoning,114000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第1期35-37,41,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
国家重大公共卫生专项资金地方病防制项目(2010,2015,2017).
关键词
碘缺乏病
评估
监测
盐碘
尿碘
Iodine deficiency disorders
Assessment
Monitoring
Salt iodine
Urinary iodine
