摘要
目的:为综合了解林下不同郁闭度对橡胶园间作绞股蓝生长、产量,尤其是对绞股蓝药材品质的影响。方法:以绞股蓝的旷地种植为对照,对不同胶园间作条件下绞股蓝3个采样期地上部主要生长、产量指标,及其叶和茎中的主要成分含量指标进行了同步比较研究。结果:旷地种植条件下,绞股蓝表现生长不良,且产量均低于各间作处理,但其叶、茎中的皂苷、黄酮、多糖、浸出物含量在各时期均高于其他处理或处于较高水平;在南北行向的全周期间作模式胶园间作条件下,绞股蓝的生长及产量表现最优,叶、茎中的黄酮、浸出物含量部分情况下略高于旷地种植或与之接近,而皂苷、多糖含量均低于旷地种植;在郁闭度较高的常规胶园林下,绞股蓝表现为茎细叶薄、生长慢、产量偏低,亦未见开花结果,叶、茎主要成分含量均处于较低水平。总体上,绞股蓝叶、茎中的主要成分含量指标倾向于随郁闭度的增加而降低,而在胶园间作条件下,绞股蓝的生长、产量及药材品质均随郁闭度的增加趋于变差。结论:不同郁闭度均会对绞股蓝的生长、产量及其药材品质产生重要影响,绞股蓝在中低郁闭度的南北行向全周期间作模式胶园中间作可获得最大效益。
Objective:To understand the effects of different canopy density on the growth and yield of Gynostemma pentaphyllum intercropping in rubber plantation,especially on the quality of Gynostemma pentaphyllum.Methods:Gynostemma pentaphyllum cultivated in open field was used as control(CK),the main growth and yield indexes of aboveground part of Gynostemma pentaphyllum,as well as the content indexes of the main components in the leaves and stems of Gynostemma pentaphyllum in three sampling periods under different intercropping conditions were studied synchronically.Results:Under open field planting conditions,Gynostemma pentaphyllum showed poor growth,and the yield was lower than that of the intercropping treatments,but the contents of saponins,flavonoids,polysaccharides and extracts in leaves and stems were higher than those in other treatments or at a higher level in each period;Under the north-south full-cycle intercropping mode,Gynostemma pentaphyllum had the best growth and yield performance.In some cases,the contents of flavonoids and extracts in leaves and stems were slightly higher than or close to those in open field,while the contents of saponins and polysaccharides were lower than those in open field;Under the conventional rubber plantation with higher canopy density,Gynostemma pentaphyllum showed thin stems and thin leaves,slow growth,low yield,and no flowering or fruit,and the contents of main components in leaves and stems were at a low level;In general,the contents of the main components in the leaves and stems of Gynostemma pentaphyllum tended to decrease with the increase of canopy closure,while the growth,yield and quality of Gynostemma pentaphyllum tended to deteriorate with the increase of canopy closure under the condition of rubber plantation intercropping.Conclusion:The growth,yield and quality of Gynostemma pentaphyllum are affected by different canopy density.Gynostemma pentaphyllum intercropping in north-south full-cycle intercropping pattern with the middle and low canopy density can obtain the maximum benefit.
作者
郑定华
黄坚雄
潘剑
袁淑娜
桂青
李娟
陈俊明
王秀全
ZHENG Ding-hua;HUANG Jian-xiong;PAN Jian;YUAN Shu-na;GUI Qing;LI Juan;CHEN Jun-ming;WANG Xiu-quan(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Research Center for Utilization of Under-forest Resources,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science/Danzhou Investigation&Experiment Station of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture&Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops,Haikou 571101,China)
出处
《中药材》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第5期1058-1064,共7页
Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31701388)
中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630022017018)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-34-YZ4)
关键词
林药间作
橡胶林
绞股蓝
郁闭度
生长及产量
药材品质
Tree-medicinal plant intercropping system
Rubber plantation
Gynostemma pentaphyllum(Thunb.)Makino
Canopy density
Growth and yield
Medicinal quality
