摘要
各民族人口共同繁荣发展是新时代铸牢中华民族共同体意识、推动经济社会高质量发展的重要内容。本文基于2020年最新“七普”及其他年份人口普查资料,从数量、结构、质量三个维度对各民族人口发展趋势的分析发现:自20世纪80年代以来,各民族人口发展趋势得以延续并发生重大变化。其中,各民族人口数量变动模式不断分化;人口年龄结构逐步老化,但总体较为年轻;人口迁移流动愈加活跃,人口流动参与度后来居上;人口分散化程度不断提高,向东集聚趋势进一步强化;人口城镇化水平持续提升;从业人口非农就业比例不断攀升;各民族人口平均受教育年限和每10万人中拥有大学受教育程度的人数大幅增加,教育禀赋不断升级。与社会经济发展相适应,我国民族人口发展的内在结构与外在条件已然发生了重大变化,各民族人口发展取得长足进步,但仍然呈现族际间人口发展不充分、不平衡的特点,各民族人口发展的成就与差距、一般与特殊、共性与个性等问题值得深入关注。据此,应进一步深化全面构建民族人口发展指标体系、各民族人口发展成功经验总结提炼、人口迁移流动与民族人口发展关系等方面的研究。
Common prosperity and development of all ethnic groups is an important part of solidifying the sense of community of the Chinese nation and promoting high-quality economic and social development in the new era.Based on the latest“seventh national population census”in 2020 and data from other years,this paper analyzes the population development trend of various ethnic groups from three dimensions of quantity,structure and quality and made following findings:since the 1980s,the population development trend of various ethnic groups has continued and gone major changes.Among them,the pattern of population changes is constantly differentiated;the population ages gradually,but it is generally young;population migration and mobility are becoming more active,and the participation of population mobility is lagging behind;the degree of population decentralization is constantly improving,and the trend of agglomeration to the east is further strengthened;population urbanization level has continued to rise;the proportion of non-agriculture employments continues to rise;the average length of education of the population of all ethnic groups and the number of people with college education per 100,000 people have increased significantly,and their educational endowment has been continuously upgraded.Adapting to the social and economic development,the internal structure and external conditions of the ethnic population development have undergone great changes.The population development of all ethnic groups has made great progress,but it still shows the characteristics of insufficient and unbalanced population development among ethnic groups.The achievements and gaps in the development of population development,general and special,commonness and individuality of all ethnic groups deserve thorough attention.Therefore,it is necessary to further deepen the study of the comprehensive construction of the index system of ethnic population development,the successful experience of the population development of various ethnic groups,and the relationship between population migration and migration and the development of ethnic population.
作者
段成荣
毕忠鹏
黄凡
梅自颖
DUAN Cheng-rong;BI Zhong-peng;HUANG Fan;MEI Zi-ying(Population Development Studies Center,Renmin University of China;Teaching and Research Department of Youth and social Construction,Party School of CPC Hunan Committee,Changsha,Hunan 410006;School of Sociology and Population Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2023年第3期138-155,共18页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“少数民族人口迁移流动与民族互嵌格局形成研究”(项目编号:20&ZD172)的阶段性成果
关键词
民族人口
人口发展
数量
结构
质量
ethnic population
population development
numbers
structure
quality
