摘要
辽西是探讨北方民族与中央的政治互动、边郡在“内外”之际的转换、北方民族文明演进中的政治遗产等问题的窗口。秦代在战国燕基础上重置辽西郡,核心关切是应对匈奴问题。至两汉,乌桓、鲜卑自辽西渗透并在汉末借地方力量深入中原,由塞外军事威胁转化为边疆政治势力。两晋以来,辽西鲜卑各部迭兴递嬗,特别是慕容鲜卑建立“三燕”并南进中原,辽西成为涵育鲜卑政治体的渊薮之地,并由此烙印在鲜卑人群的历史记忆中。迄至北魏敉平北燕,辽西又重与内地贯通合流,边界重新变为通道,胡汉交融的幅面得以拓展。与此同时,鲜卑诸政治体传承了一种带有“辽西烙印”的政治遗产:长时段视域中辽西公/王爵号的授册历程,揭橥了鲜卑人视辽西为发源地并将封爵与之紧密相连的政治传统。由此,鲜卑人进一步为中原与东北的全方位联系奠定了基础。辽西对中原与东北的联通,使该地区繁复的政治变化和人群流移映射出古胡汉统一与融合的历史脉络。
Liaoxi region is a window to explore the political interaction between the northern ethnic groups and the central government,the transformation of border counties,and the political heritage in the course of the evolution of the northern ethnic civilization.The Qin Dynasty reset Liaoxi County based on Yan Kingdom during the Warring States period,and its core issue was to deal with the Huns.Up until the Han Dynasty,Wuhuan and Xianbei ethnics penetrated from Liaoxi region into the Central Plains at the end of the Han Dynasty,transforming from a military threat beyond the Great Wall into frontier political forces.Since the Jin Dynasty,tribes from Xianbei ethnics in Liaoxi region emerged and evolved one after another,especially Murong Xianbei ethnics established“Three Yan”while moving southward and entered the Central Plains.Liaoxi became the source of the political body of Xianbei ethnic,which was thus imprinted in the historical memory of Xianbei ethnic people.Until the Northern Wei kingdom appeased Northern Yan,Liaoxi was reconnected with hinterland China,and the border region became passageway once again,the integration of Hu ethnics and the Han Chinese expanded.At the same time,the Xianbei political bodies inherited a political heritage with the“Liaoxi”characteristics:the long history of conferring the title of Liaoxi duke/prince and marquis revealed the political tradition that Xianbei ethnic people regard Liaoxi as the birthplace of their ancestors and thus closely connected with it.Thus,the Xianbei people further laid the foundation for the all-round connection between the Central Plains and northeast China.Liaoxi as the connection between Central Plains and the northeast area implies the historical context of the unification and integration of the Hu and Han ethnic groups in the Medieval times at the backdrop of complicated and frequent political change and population flow in the region.
作者
冯立君
FENG Li-jun(College of History and Culture,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710119)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期64-74,共11页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“盛唐东北边疆统治秩序构建历程”(项目编号:21VGB006)的阶段性成果
关键词
中古
辽西
胡汉
互动
交融
Medieval times
Liaoxi
Hu ethnic and Han Chinese
interaction
integration
