摘要
《资本论》及其手稿蕴含了关于五种社会形态及其历史联系和嬗变规律的极为具体而丰富的论述。一方面,马克思关于不同社会形态中对生产关系具有决定作用的物质生产和生产力发展的不同状况的论述、关于所有制关系和分配关系以及由此决定的人们在物质生产中的"权力-支配关系"的不同特征的论述,构成其社会形态理论的内在逻辑;另一方面,在对内在逻辑的阐释中,马克思所运用的典型分析方法、从后思索方法、本质抽象方法和从抽象上升到具体的方法等,则构成其社会形态理论的方法论基础。内在逻辑与方法论基础的统一是马克思社会形态理论的显明特征。如果说内在逻辑揭示了各种社会形态具有"什么样"的本质和规律,那么,方法论基础则阐释了"怎么样"认识和把握这些本质和规律。理解马克思的社会形态理论,需要重视其内在逻辑和方法论基础。
Five kinds of social formations and their historical relations and evolutionary patterns are richly dealt with in Das Kapital and its manuscripts.The internal logic of Marx’s theory of social formation lies in his discussion of the production of material goods and the productive forces which determine the relations of production and of the property ownership and distribution which determine the relations of power and domination in various social formations.The methodologies of Marx’s theory of social formation include his methods of typical analysis,of thinking from the back,of essential abstraction,and of proceeding from the abstract to the concrete;together,they constitute the methodological basis of his social formation theory.The unity of internal logic and methodology is an obvious feature of Marx’s social formation theory,and should not be overlooked.
出处
《哲学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期5-17,126,共14页
Philosophical Research
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“《资本论》语境中马克思的历史决定论及其当代价值研究”(编号15AKS001)的阶段性成果
