摘要
卒中是由于脑血管的阻塞(缺血性中风)或爆裂/出血(出血性中风)而导致脑血流中断而发生的破坏性脑血管事件,从而引发身体残疾和多重功能损伤。缺血性卒中的发病率高于出血性卒中,占卒中总发病率的一半以上。其主要发病原因是动脉粥样硬化、各种动脉炎、外伤等引起脑血管病变形成的斑块堵塞血管而引起的,也可能是由于房颤等多种心血管疾病所产生的栓子进入血液,阻塞脑部血管而引发。由于缺血性脑卒中发病原因的复杂性,导致其病理机制复杂多样,如能量衰竭,兴奋性中毒,神经炎症,细胞凋亡及氧化应激等。我国传统单味中药和复方具有多成分,多靶点,多功效的特点,可应用于卒中发生、发展过程中不同阶段的治疗。因此深入了解缺血性脑卒中的病理过程和相关机制,并且开发有针对性的药物,对于预防缺血性脑卒中的发生和控制其发展具有重要意义。本文以缺血性脑卒中发生、发展的时间轴为主线,系统梳理了病理过程及相关机制,归纳了临床及基础研究中应用最多的中药和复方,以期为缺血性脑卒中的病理研究和临床治疗提供理论基础和数据参考。
Stroke is a devastating cerebrovascular event that occurs as a result of cerebral vascular occlusion(ischemic stroke)or burst/bleeding(hemorrhagic stroke)leading to cerebral blood flow disruption,causing physical disability and multiple functional impairment.The incidence of ischemic stroke is higher than hemorrhagic stroke,accounting for more than half of the total incidence of stroke.The main cause of the disease is caused by atherosclerosis,various arteritis,trauma and other plaques that cause cerebral vascular disease,which may be caused by a variety of cardiovascular diseases such as atrial fibrillation.Blood,caused by blocking blood vessels in the brain.Due to the complexity of the causes of ischemic stroke,the pathogenesis and development mechanism are complex and diverse,such as energy failure,excitotoxicity,neuroinflammation,apoptosis and oxidative stress.Traditional Chinese medicine and compound have the characteristics of multi-component,multitarget,multi-effect,and can be applied to the treatment of different stages of stroke occurrence and development.Therefore,an in-depth understanding of the pathological process and related mechanisms of ischemic stroke,and the development of targeted drugs,is important to prevent the occurrence of ischemic stroke and control its development.In this paper,the timeline of the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke is the main line.The pathological process and related mechanisms are systematically reviewed.The most widely used traditional Chinese medicine and compound in clinical and basic research are summarized,in order to study the pathological study of ischemic stroke.Clinical treatment provides a theoretical basis and data reference.
作者
张艾嘉
王爽
王萍
王烨燃
ZHANG Ai-jia;WANG Shuang;WANG Ping;WANG Ye-ran(Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China;Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;National resource center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Science,Beijing 100700,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期227-240,共14页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81774201).
关键词
缺血性脑卒中
病理机制
病理过程
中药
中药复方
ischemic stroke
pathological mechanism
pathological process
Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine compound
