摘要
甲烷(CH4)是仅次于二氧化碳(CO2)的一类重要温室气体,煤炭开采和矿后活动CH4逃逸排放是中国最大的CH4排放源。为编制高质量的国家温室气体清单以及制定针对性的控制温室气体排放措施,有必要对中国煤炭开采和矿后活动不同排放源的CH4逃逸开展系统研究。根据《IPCC 2006年国家温室气体清单指南》方法,对中国煤炭逃逸关键排放源井工煤矿开采和矿后活动采用本国特征排放因子法,其他排放源采用缺省排放因子法,计算了2010—2016年中国煤炭开采和矿后活动CH4逃逸排放量,分析了上述期间的排放趋势及排放构成,并开展了同其他国家隐含排放因子的对比分析。结果显示:①不考虑回收利用量时,2010—2016年中国煤炭开采和矿后活动CH4逃逸排放量先升后降,2010年排放量为2525万t,2013年达到峰值2716万t,之后缓慢下降到2016年的2269万t,最大的排放环节为井工开采,研究期年平均占比为83%。②2010—2016年CH4回收利用量年均上升17%,2016年回收利用量占总排放量的27%,扣除回收利用量后净排放量峰值年份前移到2011年。③不同国家本地化隐含排放因子差距较大,中国在主要产煤大国中处于中等偏下水平,与波兰相当,低于德国、俄罗斯和美国,位于IPCC缺省值下限。④从排放源范围、方法选择和排放因子等方面来看,中国煤炭开采和矿后活动CH4逃逸排放清单在非附件I国家中属于领先水平,但同附件I国家相比还存在一定差距。建议未来进一步提升计算范围的完整性,加强活动水平数据收集,以及深入开展中国特征排放因子研究,同时从管理和技术方面加强对煤矿瓦斯的回收利用水平。
Methane(CH4)is a major greenhouse gas(GHG)after carbon dioxide(CO2),and coal mining and post-mining activities are the largest sources of CH4 fugitive emissions in China.It is of great significance for China to prepare high-quality national GHG inventory and formulate targeted GHG emission control measures through the systematic study of coal’s fugitive emissions.Following 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,China’s 2010-2016 CH4 emissions from coal mining and post-mining activities were calculated by tier 2 method,that is,the country-specific emission factors,and other sources by tier 1 method,that is,the default emission factors.The trend and composition of CH4 emissions,and implied emission factors were analyzed.The results show that CH4 emissions from China’s coal mining and post-mining activities rose first and then fell,reaching a peak in 2013,and the largest emission category was coal mining of underground mine,up to 83%of the total emissions when CH4 recovery was not considered.The average annual increase of CH4 recovery was 17%,the recovery rate was 27%in2016,and the highest net emissions after deducting the recycling amount occurred in 2011.There was a large difference between the country-specific implied emission factors,and the countryspecific implied emission factor of China was at the lower limit of the default values of the guidelines.The calculation of CH4 fugitive emissions from coal mining and post-mining activities in China have reached advanced level in non-Annex I countries,but there were still some gaps in emission sources,calculation method,and country-specific emission factors compared with Annex I countries.It is recommended that in the future the integrity of the inventory should be improved,the collection of activity data should be strengthened,an in-depth research on characteristic emission factors should be conducted,and the management and technology level of CH4 recycle from coal should be improved.
作者
马翠梅
戴尔阜
刘乙辰
王亚慧
王芳
MA Cuimei;DAI Erfu;LIU Yichen;WANG Yahui;WANG Fang(National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation,Beijing,100035,China;Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station,Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期311-322,共12页
Resources Science
基金
中国准备第三次气候变化国家信息通报能力建设项目(00088737)
中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA20020202)。
关键词
井工煤矿
露天煤矿
煤炭开采
矿后活动
温室气体清单
本国特征排放因子
逃逸排放
甲烷
underground coal mine
surface coal mine
coal mining
post-mining activities
GHG inventory
country-specific emission factor
fugitive emissions
methane
