摘要
目的分析山东省老年人居住方式与抑郁情绪之间的关系,进一步了解其相关影响因素,为老年人心理干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,抽取山东省16市68个县的老年人为研究对象,通过自制的人口学调查问卷和患者健康问卷(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)对研究对象抑郁情绪进行评估。老年人居住方式与抑郁情绪之间的关系采用多因素logistic回归分析。结果本研究共调查23877名老年人,抑郁情绪检出1709人(7.16%)。老年人居住方式与抑郁情绪有相关性,相比与子女同住的老年人,独居空巢和偶居空巢的老年人抑郁情绪检出率的比例更高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=68.493,P<0.01);女性老年人抑郁情绪检出率略高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.289,P<0.01)。偶居空巢(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.08~1.44)、独居空巢(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.07~1.70)、年龄≥80岁(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.01~1.38)、女性(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.18~1.45)、有慢性病(OR=4.30,95%CI:3.58~5.07)、生活在城市(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.57~2.39)及无休闲活动(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.54~2.03)是老年人产生抑郁情绪的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论居住方式对老年人的抑郁情绪检出率有着重要影响,要关注山东省老年人家庭结构的变化趋势以及空巢老人的心理问题。另外,性别、婚姻状况、年龄、慢性病、生活满意度、与老伴关系、与邻居相处也对老年人抑郁情绪检出率有着重要的影响,进行全面心理干预以降低老年人抑郁情绪检出率。
Objective To analyze the relationship between living style and depression among the elderly in Shandong Province,and to further understand its influencing factors,so as to provide evidence for psychological intervention for the elderly.Methods The elderly people in a total of 68 counties in 16 cities in Shandong Province were randomly selected using multi-stage stratified random sampling method,among whom depression was assessed using self-designed demographic questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9).Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between living style and depression in the elderly.Results A total of 23877 elderly people were investigated,of whom depression was detected in 1709 people(7.16%).The living style of the elderly was correlated with depression.Compared with the elderly living with their children,empty nesters or occasional empty nesters had a higher detection rate of depression(χ^(2)=68.493,P<0.01).The detection rate of depression in elderly females was slightly higher than that in males(χ^(2)=27.289,P<0.01).Occasionally(OR=1.25,95%,CI:1.08-1.44)or constantly living alone(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.07-1.70),aged≥80 years(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.01-1.38),being female(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.18-1.45),having chronic disease(s)(OR=4.30,95%CI:3.58-5.07),living in an urban area(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.57-2.39)and not being involved in any leisure activities(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.54-2.03)were risk factors for depression in the elderly people(P<0.05).Conclusions Living style may impose great impact on depression in the elderly people.Attention should be paid to the changing trend of family structure and mental health of empty nesters in Shandong Province.Sex,marital status,age,chronic diseases,life satisfaction,and relationship with spouse/neighbors are important factors affecting depression in the elderly.Therefore,comprehensive psychological interventions are needed in order to reduce the detection rate of depression in this population.
作者
姚淑睿
谷灵犀
郭瑶
王延祜
YAO Shurui;GU Lingxi;GUO Yao;WANG Yanhu(Shandong Mental Health Center,Jinan,Shandong 250000,China;不详)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期1021-1025,共5页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
山东省中西医结合专病防治项目(YXH2019ZXY006)
关键词
老年人
抑郁
居住方式
独居空巢
The elderly
Depression
Living style
Empty nester
