摘要
目的分析包头市九原区及白云鄂博矿区儿童、孕妇的碘营养状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法2020年1—12月,采用分层随机取样的方法,抽取包头市8~10岁儿童400名、孕妇168名,采集其尿液样本及食用盐盐样进行测定,并调查孕妇的基本情况及碘营养知识了解情况等内容。结果采集食用盐样本568份,九原区、白云鄂博矿区儿童合格碘盐食用率分别为98.50%、100.00%,孕妇合格碘盐食用率分别为100.00%、86.76%,两地区儿童、孕妇碘盐食用率差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.394、-2.991,P<0.05)。两地区儿童尿碘中位数分别为197.60μg/L、272.85μg/L,尿碘水平差异有统计学意义(Z=-9.272,P<0.05)。两地区孕妇尿碘中位数分别为153.30μg/L、176.00μg/L,尿碘水平差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.740,P=0.459)。汉族(OR=0.07,95%CI:0.01~0.60)、碘盐应避光保存(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.16~0.83)是孕妇低碘的保护因素。不知道碘盐应密封盒中保存(OR=2.45,95%CI:1.08~5.52)、不知道吃碘盐可以有效补碘(OR=6.46,95%CI:1.71~24.45)、不知道炒菜出锅前放碘盐(OR=1.78,95%CI:1.09~2.88)是孕妇低碘的危险因素。结论包头市白云鄂博矿区儿童尿碘处于超足量水平,而白云鄂博矿区及九原区孕妇却处于碘缺乏水平,因此针对重点人群应采取不同措施,并加强碘营养监测,从而降低碘缺乏或碘过量的风险。
Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Jiuyuan District and Baiyun Obo mining area of Baotou city,and to explore the influencing factors,so as to provide basis for scientific iodine supplementation.Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to recruit400children aged 8-10years and 168pregnant women,their urine samples and edible salt samples were collected to determine the iodine levels.Meanwhile,aquestionnaire survey was conducted to acquire basic information of pregnant women and their knowledge about iodine nutrition.Results A total of 568edible salt samples were collected.In Jiuyuan district and Baiyun Obo mining area,the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were 98.50%and 100.00%in children and 100.00%and 86.76%in pregnant women,the difference were statistically significant(Z=-2.394,-2.991,P<0.05).The median urinary iodine level of children inBaiyun Obo mining area was higher than that of those in Jiuyuan district(197.60 vs 272.85μg/L;Z=-9.272,P<0.05).The median urinary iodine of pregnant women in the two regions were 153.30and176.00μg/L,with iodine deficiency rate of 45.00%and 39.71%,respectively.Han nationality(OR=0.07,95%CI:0.01-0.60)and keeping iodized salt away from light(OR=0.36,95%CI:0.16-0.83)were the protective factor for iodine deficiency in pregnant women.However,unaware of keeping iodized salt in sealed boxes(OR=2.45,95%CI:1.08-5.52),not knowing about iodized salt intake as an effective iodine supplementation(OR=6.46,95%CI:1.71-24.45),and adding iodized salt at the end of cooking(OR=1.78,95%CI:1.09-2.88)were risk factor for iodine deficiency in pregnant women.Conclusions The urine iodine of children in Baiyun Obo mining area is at an excessive level,while pregnant women in Baiyun Obo mining area and Jiuyuan district are deficient in iodine.Therefore,different measures should be taken for children and pregnant women and iodine nutrition monitoring should be strengthened,so as to reduce the risk of iodine deficiency and iodine excess.
作者
乔瑞
张丽华
王孝佳
胡鑫
朱云龙
王素华
QIAO Rui;ZHANG Li-hua;WANG Xiao-jia;HU Xin;ZHU Yun-long;WANG Su-hua(School of Public Health,Baotou Medical College,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014040,China;不详)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期731-735,共5页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82060600)
国家重点研发计划专项项目(2017YFC0907200)
内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2017MS(LH)0802)
关键词
孕妇
儿童
碘营养
影响因素
Pregnant woman
Children
Iodine nutrition
influence factor
