摘要
目的回顾性分析黑龙江省2015—2020年155例双胎出生缺陷的情况,为本地区预防和降低双胎出生缺陷的发生提供参考依据。方法选取黑龙江省以哈尔滨市8所主要医院在内的全省24家参与调研项目的医院,收集2015—2020年黑龙江省的双胎出生缺陷儿,主要进行描述分析。采用线性趋势χ;检验分析双胎出生缺陷随时间的变化趋势。结果2015—2020年黑龙江省双胎围产儿数3117例,其中双胎出生缺陷数为155例,总出生缺陷率为4.97%;双胎出生缺陷年发生率分别为1.90%、1.78%、2.01%、4.12%、4.35%、18.20%,呈逐年上升的趋势(χ^(2)=214.05,P<0.05)。黑龙江省双胎出生缺陷类型的顺位排名前五位依次为先天性心脏病(congenital heart disease,CHD)93例(2.98%),肢体短缩或缺如/四肢其他先天性畸形13例(0.41%);外耳畸形或其他畸形/小耳畸形或缺如10例(0.32%),多指(趾)/并指(趾)10例(0.32%),唇腭裂10例(0.32%)。双胎出生缺陷儿中男性高于女性,同卵高于异卵,且易合并出现未足月胎膜早破和低出生体质量儿,从而增加了新生儿的发病率和死亡率。结论倡导优生优育的婚育观念,普及产前筛查和产前诊断的相关保健知识,规范化产检,有助于降低双胎出生缺陷率。
Objective To describe the birth defects of 155 twins in Heilongjiang from 2015 to 2020,and to provide evidence for lowering the risk of birth defects of twins.Methods Data of twins with birth defects were retrieved from 24 participating hospitals in Heilongjiang including 8 major hospitals in Harbin from 2015 to 2020 and a retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted.The trend Chi-square test was used to analyze the trend of the incidence of twin birth defects in Heilongjiang province.Results From 2015 to 2020,there were 3117 twins born in Heilongjiang province,and 155 twins were born with birth defects,the overall birth defect rate was 4.97%.The annual birth defect rates were 1.90%,1.78%,2.01%,4.12%,4.35%,18.20%in 2015—2020,which showed an upward trend(χ^(2)=214.05,P<0.05).The top five birth defects of twins in Heilongjiang province were congenital heart disease(93 cases,2.98%),shortened or absent limbs or other congenital deformities of limbs(13 cases,0.41%),external ears deformity or other deformity or microtia(10 cases,0.32%),multi-digit(toe)or complex digit(toe)(10 cases,0.32%),cleft lip and palate(10 cases,0.32%).The birth defect rate was higher in boys than in girls,in monozygotic twins than in dizygotic twins.Birth defects of twins were more likely to coexist with preterm premature rupture of membranes and low birth weight,which increased the morbidity and mortality of newborns.Conclusions In order to decrease the birth defect rate of twins,we should advocate the concept of good prenatal and postnatal care,enhance the health education on prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis,and standardize prenatal examinations.
作者
祝嘉敏
武宪秋
李颖
王瑞静
王超
刘羽
严谨
田婷婷
刘梅梅
ZHU Jia-min;WU Xian-qiu;LI Ying;WANG Rui-jing;WANG Chao;LIU Yu;YAN Jin;TIAN Ting-ting;LIU Mei-mei(The Second Hospital affiliated to Haerbin Medical University,harbin,Heilongjiang 150000,China;不详)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期680-685,共6页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
吴阶平医学基金会临床科研专项资助基金[320.6750.18588(10)]
黑龙省出生缺陷发病现状调研项目(2020-8)
关键词
双胎妊娠
出生缺陷
回顾性分析
Twin pregnancy
Birth defects
Retrospective analysis
