摘要
目的观察膳食结构和血糖负荷的食物交换法对老年糖尿病患者的血糖控制效果。方法选取2017年4月~2018年12月在宁波市医疗中心李惠利东部医院全科医学科(老年医学科)治疗的老年糖尿病患者204例。按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各102例,对照组采用传统的食物交换份法进行饮食干预,观察组给予膳食结构和血糖负荷概念的食物交换法进行饮食干预。比较两组患者的临床治疗效果,治疗前后两组患者空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2h血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及人体测量学指标的变化情况。结果观察组治疗老年糖尿病的总有效率为(93.14%),对照组为(81.37%),观察治疗效果优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前两组患者FPG、2hPG、HbA1C水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后两组患者FPG、2hPG、HbA1C水平均下降(观察组:t=24.568、10.497、10.210,对照组:t=14.331、15.196、18.919);观察组治疗后FPG、2hPG、HbA1C水平低于对照组(t=17.670、15.030、16.636);治疗后两组患者血压以收缩压、舒张压、腰围、体质量指数水平均下降(观察组:t=22.211、22.492、17.391、7.322,对照组:t=12.576、13.441、6.902、2.526),观察组治疗后血压、腰围、体质量指数水平低于对照组(t=11.489、11.026、9.615、7.080)(P<0.05)。结论基于膳食结构和血糖负荷概念的食物交换法干预老年糖尿病的效果更佳,能有效控制糖尿病患者的血糖水平,并能降低患者腰围、体质量指数,且不会对患者造成明显不适,安全性更高。
Objective To observe the effect of diet structure and glycemic-load based food exchange on blood sugar control in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods 204 elderly patients with diabetes mellitus who were treated in the Department of General Medicine(Geriatrics)in Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo Medical Center from April 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled and evenly divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method.Patients in the control group were given dietary intervention using traditional food exchange method,while those in the observation group were given dietary intervention using diet structure and glycomic-load based food exchange method.The clinical outcomes of patients in the two groups were compared.The changes of fasting blood glucose(FPG),postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1 c)and anthropometric indexes were compared before and after treatment between the two groups.Results The overall effective rate was 93.14%in the observation group,which was significantly higher than that of 81.37%in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the levels of FPG,2 hPG and HbA1 C between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the levels of FPG,2 hPG and HbA1 Call reduced in both groups(observation group:t=24.568,10.497,10.210,control group:t=14.331),while were significantly lower in the observation group(t=17.670,15.030,16.636;P<0.05).After treatment,blood pressure,waist circumference and body mass index decreased in both groups(observation group:t=22.211,22.492,17.391,7.322,control group:t=12.576,13.441,6.902,2.526),and were significantly lower in the observation group than that in the control group(t=11.489,11.026,9.615,7.080;P<0.05).Conclusions The food exchange method based on dietary structure and glycomic-load concept has better effect in the intervention of elderly diabetic patients.It can effectively control the blood sugar and reduce the waist circumference and body mass index of patients,which does not cause obvious discomfort of patients and is a safe intervention method.
作者
谢开云
XIE Kai-yun(Lihuili Hospital,Ningbo Medical Center,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315040,China)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第6期632-635,共4页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
宁波市科技惠民基金资助项目(2017C50067)
关键词
老年糖尿病
膳食结构和血糖负荷概念的食物交换法
血糖控制效果
Senile diabetes mellitus
Blood sugar control
Food Exchange Method Based on the Concepts of Dietary Structure and Glucose Load
Effect of blood sugar control
