摘要
目的了解贵州省两县区艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)患者(简称HIV/AIDS)的心理健康状况和社会支持情况,并探讨其影响因素和二者之间的联系。方法采用现况调查的研究方法,利用90项症状自评量表(90 Symptom Checklist,简称SCL-90)和社会支持评定量表(Social Support scale,SSRS)对两个县区的299例HIV/AIDS进行问卷调查。结果49.8%(149/299)的研究对象为SCL-90筛查阳性,除强迫症状、人际关系敏感因子外,其他各因子均分与SCL-90总分均高于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);研究对象的社会支持总分和各维度得分均低于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);多元线性回归分析显示:少数民族者的客观支持总分低于汉族,文化程度较高者主观支持得分高于文化程度较低者,年龄较大、诊断时间较长HIV/AIDS支持利用度得分更低;相关分析发现,客观支持与恐怖(r=-0.179,P=0.002)、偏执(r=-0.166,P=0.004)及精神病性(r=-0.149,P=0.010)均存在负相关;支持利用度与人际关系(r=-0.143,P=0.013)、恐怖(r=-0.144,P=0.012)及偏执(r=-0.126,P=0.029)均存在负相关;社会支持总分与恐怖(r=-0.157,P=0.006)、偏执(r=-0.148,P=0.010)及精神病性(r=-0.143,P=0.014)均存在负相关。结论贵州省HIV/AIDS心理问题较为突出,社会支持程度普遍较低,须通过健康促进的方式,一方面提升对其客观支持力度,另一方面提高其主动寻求和利用社会支持的意识。
Objective To explore the psychological and social support status of HIV/AIDS in two counties of Guizhou Province,and to analyze the influencing factors about them.Methods A total of 229 HIV/AIDS were surveyed by questionnaire of SCL-90 and SSRS,which has been recruited by cross-sectional study.Results The number of HIV/AIDS which were positive for SCL-90 screening was 49.8%(149/299).The total score and the average score of factors about SCL-90 were higher than the Chinese norm,except for the factor of compulsive symptoms and interpersonal relationship sensitivity(P<0.001).The total and subscale scores of SSRS were lower than the Chinese norm(P<0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the HIV/AIDS who were ethnic minorities were more objective support than the Han nationalities,the HIV/AIDS with higher education level had more subjective support than those with lower education level,the HIV/AIDS who were older age and longer diagnosis time had lower utilization of support.Correlation analysis showed that objective support were negatively correlated with terrorism(r=-0.179,P=0.002),paranoia(r=-0.166,P=0.004)and psychosis(r=-0.149,P=0.010),the utilization of support were negatively correlated with interpersonal relationship(r=-0.143,P=0.013)and terrorism(r=-0.144,P=0.012)and paranoia(r=-0.126,P=0.029),the total score of SSRS were negatively correlated with terrorism(r=-0.157,P=0.006),paranoia(r=-0.148,P=0.010)and psychosis(r=-0.143,P=0.014).Conclusion It shouled be pay attenton to the psychological problems and the poor of social supports about HIV/AIDS in Guizhou Province.On one hand,we should promote social objective supports for HIV/AIDS by taking some measures,on the other hand,we should encourage HIV/AIDS to pursue and utlize more social spports.
作者
曹文杰
林锋
马云丽
吴澜
袁智
韦薇
姚永明
CAO Wen-jie;LIN Feng;MA Yun-li;WU Lan;YUAN Zhi;WEI Wei;YAO Yong-ming(Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Guiyang 550004,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2020年第10期902-906,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
贵州省卫生计生委科学技术基金项目(gzwjkj2017-1-087)
贵州省疾病预防控制中心技术基金(2016-E2-2青)
