摘要
目的在浙江省宁波市实证应用优化项目组前期开发的中国小学生营养健康素养测评问卷,了解该地小学生营养健康素养现状,为小学生营养健康素养评价工具的研究提供实证参考。方法于2023年6月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对宁波市鄞州区3所城区小学、3所乡镇小学1861名1~6年级学生进行营养健康素养问卷调查,采用Rasch模型、SPSS软件进行问卷质量评价和数据分析。结果低(1~2年级)、中(3~4年级)、高(5~6年级)三版问卷的区分度分别为11.95、10.41、10.14,信度均为0.99。宁波市鄞州区小学生营养健康素养平均得分(73.8±13.1)分,膳食营养知识、饮食行为和习惯、食品营养标签识别3个维度的平均得分分别为(71.4±16.5)、(74.8±23.7)、(67.7±23.6)分。健康素养水平1~2年级(77.5±11.5)分,3~4年级(75.7±13.4)分,5~6年级(70.9±12.1)分,随着年级段的升高营养健康素养水平呈下降趋势;女生(74.0±12.6)分,男生(73.5±13.5)分,女生的营养健康素养水平略高于男生,城乡学生之间无差异。膳食营养知识与食品营养标签识别的相关性最高,相关系数为0.213。结论优化后的问卷质量进一步提升,可适用于我国小学生营养健康素养测评。宁波市鄞州区小学生营养健康素养得分较低,低、中、高不同学段的学生在营养认知、饮食行为习惯和营养实践技能上呈现不同的能力差异,建议学校、家庭、社会发挥积极作用,开展针对性的营养健康教育。
Objective To optimize a nutrition and health literacy questionnaire(NHLQ)for Chinese primary school students previously developed by domestic researchers and empirically apply the modified NHLQ in evaluating nutrition health literacy among pupils in Ningbo city,Zhejiang province.Methods The NHLQ with 3 subscales for pupils of grade 1–2,3–4,and 5–6 were modified according to Rash model-based assessment and the optimized HHLQ was evaluated with Winsteps 3.66.0 software.Then the optimized NHLQ was self-administered during June 2023 among 1868 grade 1–6 pupils conveniently recruited at 3 urban and 3 township primary schools in a district of Ningbo city with stratified cluster random sampling.SPSS software was used in data analysis.Results Valid responses were collected from 99.6%(1861)of the pupils surveyed.The discrimination of the NHLQ subscales for low-(1–2),middle-(3–4),and high-(5–6)grade pupils were 11.95,10.41,and 10.14,the reliabilities for the three subscales were of the same value of 0.99.For all the pupils,the average overall score of the NHLQ was 73.8±13.1,with the average scores of 71.4±16.5,74.8±23.7,and 67.7±23.6 for dietary nutrition knowledge,dietary behavior and habit,and food nutrition label recognition,respectively.The average overall score of the NHLQ for low-,middle-,and high-grade pupils were 77.5±11.5,75.7±13.4,and 70.9±12.1,showing a downward trend with the schooling grade.The average overall score of the NHLQ of the girl pupils was higher than that of the boy pupils(74.0±12.6 vs.73.5±13.5)and there was no significant difference in the average overall score between urban and township pupils.The highest correlation was observed between the score of dietary nutrition knowledge and that of food nutrition label recognition,with a correlation coefficient of 0.213.Conclusion The optimized NHLQ could be used in the assessment on nutrition and health literacy of primary school students in China.The empirical survey with the optimized NHLQ resulted in a relatively low nutrition and health literacy score for the primary school students in Ningbo city and the scores of nutrition cognition,eating habits and nutrition skills differed by schooling grade.The results suggest that targeted education on nutrition and health need to be promoted in the pupils.
作者
陈晓燕
何雄
潘佳
周静峰
尤莉莉
CHEN Xiaoyan;HE Xiong;PAN Jia;ZHOU Jingfeng;YOU Lili(College of Food Science and Technology,Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University,Ningbo 315500,China;Department of Moral Education Office,Jinshan Primary School of Yinzhou District,Ningbo 315500,China;School of Health Policy and Management,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100005,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期1596-1601,共6页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
国家自然科学基金(71904205)
宁波市教育科学规划“学生成长指导”重点课题(CD2202)
浙江省高职教育“十四五”第一批教学改革项目名单(jg20230005)
关键词
营养健康素养
食品营养标签
小学生
问卷
nutrition health literacy
food nutrition label
pupils
questionnaire
